ATI PN ADULT MED SURG PROCTORED
EXAM | PN ADULT MED SURG
PROCTORED EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) GRADED A+
**1. A nurse is caring for a client who is 24 hr postoperative following a
total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take?**
A) Place the affected leg in external rotation.
B) Encourage the client to use the incentive spirometer every shift.
C) Instruct the client to lean forward when rising from a chair.
D) Maintain abduction of the affected extremity.
**Correct Answer: D) Maintain abduction of the affected extremity.**
*Rationale: The nurse should ensure the affected extremity is in
abduction to prevent hip dislocation. An abductor pillow or several
pillows should be placed between the client's legs .*
**2. A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is scheduled for a
bronchoscopy. Which of the following statements should the nurse
include in the teaching?**
A) "You will not be able to eat or drink after the procedure until you are
able to cough."
,B) "You will drink a contrast solution 30 minutes prior to the
procedure."
C) "The purpose of this procedure is to remove excess fluid from your
lungs."
D) "You will need to lie on your back for 4 to 6 hours following the
procedure."
**Correct Answer: A) "You will not be able to eat or drink after the
procedure until you are able to cough."**
*Rationale: A local anesthetic is used during a bronchoscopy, which
suppresses the cough/gag reflex. The client must not eat or drink until
this reflex returns to prevent aspiration .*
**3. A nurse is assessing a client who has a chest tube connected to a
closed water-seal drainage system. Which of the following findings
should the nurse report to the provider?**
A) Fluctuation of the water level in the chamber as the client breathes
B) Constant bubbling in the water seal chamber
C) Numerous small blood clots in the drainage tubing
D) Water seal chamber contains 1 cm (0.39 in) of water
**Correct Answer: B) Constant bubbling in the water seal chamber.**
*Rationale: Constant bubbling in the water seal chamber indicates an
air leak, which requires immediate intervention. Fluctuation (tidaling) is
an expected finding indicating a patent system .*
, **4. A nurse is caring for a client who has a small bowel obstruction
and an NG tube in place. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?**
A) Maintain low intermittent suction.
B) Assess patency and irrigate the NG tube every 12 hr.
C) Record gastric output every 8 hr.
D) Fasten the end of the tube to the client's pillowcase.
**Correct Answer: A) Maintain low intermittent suction.**
*Rationale: Low intermittent suction should be maintained to remove
gastric secretions and decompress the bowel while preventing gastric
irritation and ulceration .*
**5. A nurse is analyzing the ABG results of a client who is in respiratory
acidosis. Which of the following mechanisms should the nurse identify
as responsible for this acid-base imbalance?**
A) Breakdown of fatty acids
B) Retention of carbon dioxide
C) Hyperventilation in response to hypoxia
D) Ingestion of large amounts of bicarbonate
**Correct Answer: B) Retention of carbon dioxide.**
*Rationale: Respiratory acidosis results from the retention of CO2 due
to respiratory depression, inadequate chest expansion, or airway
obstruction .*
EXAM | PN ADULT MED SURG
PROCTORED EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) GRADED A+
**1. A nurse is caring for a client who is 24 hr postoperative following a
total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take?**
A) Place the affected leg in external rotation.
B) Encourage the client to use the incentive spirometer every shift.
C) Instruct the client to lean forward when rising from a chair.
D) Maintain abduction of the affected extremity.
**Correct Answer: D) Maintain abduction of the affected extremity.**
*Rationale: The nurse should ensure the affected extremity is in
abduction to prevent hip dislocation. An abductor pillow or several
pillows should be placed between the client's legs .*
**2. A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is scheduled for a
bronchoscopy. Which of the following statements should the nurse
include in the teaching?**
A) "You will not be able to eat or drink after the procedure until you are
able to cough."
,B) "You will drink a contrast solution 30 minutes prior to the
procedure."
C) "The purpose of this procedure is to remove excess fluid from your
lungs."
D) "You will need to lie on your back for 4 to 6 hours following the
procedure."
**Correct Answer: A) "You will not be able to eat or drink after the
procedure until you are able to cough."**
*Rationale: A local anesthetic is used during a bronchoscopy, which
suppresses the cough/gag reflex. The client must not eat or drink until
this reflex returns to prevent aspiration .*
**3. A nurse is assessing a client who has a chest tube connected to a
closed water-seal drainage system. Which of the following findings
should the nurse report to the provider?**
A) Fluctuation of the water level in the chamber as the client breathes
B) Constant bubbling in the water seal chamber
C) Numerous small blood clots in the drainage tubing
D) Water seal chamber contains 1 cm (0.39 in) of water
**Correct Answer: B) Constant bubbling in the water seal chamber.**
*Rationale: Constant bubbling in the water seal chamber indicates an
air leak, which requires immediate intervention. Fluctuation (tidaling) is
an expected finding indicating a patent system .*
, **4. A nurse is caring for a client who has a small bowel obstruction
and an NG tube in place. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?**
A) Maintain low intermittent suction.
B) Assess patency and irrigate the NG tube every 12 hr.
C) Record gastric output every 8 hr.
D) Fasten the end of the tube to the client's pillowcase.
**Correct Answer: A) Maintain low intermittent suction.**
*Rationale: Low intermittent suction should be maintained to remove
gastric secretions and decompress the bowel while preventing gastric
irritation and ulceration .*
**5. A nurse is analyzing the ABG results of a client who is in respiratory
acidosis. Which of the following mechanisms should the nurse identify
as responsible for this acid-base imbalance?**
A) Breakdown of fatty acids
B) Retention of carbon dioxide
C) Hyperventilation in response to hypoxia
D) Ingestion of large amounts of bicarbonate
**Correct Answer: B) Retention of carbon dioxide.**
*Rationale: Respiratory acidosis results from the retention of CO2 due
to respiratory depression, inadequate chest expansion, or airway
obstruction .*
