NUR 504 Exam 5 (PDF) (Updated) Advanced Health Assessment Exam
Questions.
Questions 1-50: Endocrine System & Thyroid Disorders
Question 1
The endocrine system consists of a number of:
A) Muscle groups
B) Neural networks
C) Adipose layers
D) Glands
Answer: D
Rationale: The endocrine system is composed of glands that secrete hormones
directly into the bloodstream to regulate various body functions. These include
the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, and reproductive glands.
Question 2
Which part of the endocrine system creates chemicals that speed up metabolism?
A) Pituitary gland
,B) Thyroid gland
C) Pancreas
D) Hypothalamus
Answer: B
Rationale: The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), which
regulate the body's metabolic rate. These hormones control how quickly the body
uses energy, affects weight management, heart rate, and body temperature.
Question 3
What gland secretes cortisol?
A) Pituitary
B) Adrenal
C) Thyroid
D) Pancreas
Answer: B
,Rationale: The adrenal glands, located atop the kidneys, secrete cortisol. This
hormone helps regulate metabolism, reduces inflammation, and assists with
memory formulation. It is released in response to stress and low blood glucose.
Question 4
A patient presents with a sudden onset of fatigue, heart palpitations, constant
wakefulness, and weight loss. These symptoms together suggest:
A) Adrenal disease
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Diabetes
D) Addison's disease
Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) causes accelerated metabolism,
leading to weight loss despite normal or increased appetite,
tachycardia/palpitations, fatigue, insomnia, heat intolerance, and anxiety. These
symptoms result from excess thyroid hormone production.
Question 5
Lid lag and the presence of a rim of sclera visible above the iris are symptoms of:
, A) Adrenal disorder
B) Thyrotoxicosis
C) Graves' disease
D) Cushing's syndrome
Answer: B
Rationale: Lid lag (delayed descent of the upper eyelid when looking down) and
scleral rim visibility (upper and lower sclera visible when the patient looks straight
ahead) are signs of thyrotoxicosis, often seen in Graves' disease. These occur due
to sympathetic overactivity and proptosis.
Question 6
Which of the following symptoms is associated with hypothyroidism?
A) Increased irritability
B) Exophthalmos
C) Weight loss
D) Lethargy
Questions.
Questions 1-50: Endocrine System & Thyroid Disorders
Question 1
The endocrine system consists of a number of:
A) Muscle groups
B) Neural networks
C) Adipose layers
D) Glands
Answer: D
Rationale: The endocrine system is composed of glands that secrete hormones
directly into the bloodstream to regulate various body functions. These include
the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, and reproductive glands.
Question 2
Which part of the endocrine system creates chemicals that speed up metabolism?
A) Pituitary gland
,B) Thyroid gland
C) Pancreas
D) Hypothalamus
Answer: B
Rationale: The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), which
regulate the body's metabolic rate. These hormones control how quickly the body
uses energy, affects weight management, heart rate, and body temperature.
Question 3
What gland secretes cortisol?
A) Pituitary
B) Adrenal
C) Thyroid
D) Pancreas
Answer: B
,Rationale: The adrenal glands, located atop the kidneys, secrete cortisol. This
hormone helps regulate metabolism, reduces inflammation, and assists with
memory formulation. It is released in response to stress and low blood glucose.
Question 4
A patient presents with a sudden onset of fatigue, heart palpitations, constant
wakefulness, and weight loss. These symptoms together suggest:
A) Adrenal disease
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Diabetes
D) Addison's disease
Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) causes accelerated metabolism,
leading to weight loss despite normal or increased appetite,
tachycardia/palpitations, fatigue, insomnia, heat intolerance, and anxiety. These
symptoms result from excess thyroid hormone production.
Question 5
Lid lag and the presence of a rim of sclera visible above the iris are symptoms of:
, A) Adrenal disorder
B) Thyrotoxicosis
C) Graves' disease
D) Cushing's syndrome
Answer: B
Rationale: Lid lag (delayed descent of the upper eyelid when looking down) and
scleral rim visibility (upper and lower sclera visible when the patient looks straight
ahead) are signs of thyrotoxicosis, often seen in Graves' disease. These occur due
to sympathetic overactivity and proptosis.
Question 6
Which of the following symptoms is associated with hypothyroidism?
A) Increased irritability
B) Exophthalmos
C) Weight loss
D) Lethargy
