2026 Complete Study Guide | Grade A+
• Which of the following clinical observations is most commonly associated with right
heart failure?
A Peripheral edema
B. Muscle wasting
C. Tracheal deviation
D. Skin flushing -✓✓Peripheral edema
• Which of the following is the definitive method of monitoring the effectiveness of
equipment sterilization?
A. Heat sensitive tape
B. Chemical sensitive indicator
C. Biologic indicator
D. Time and temperature graph -✓✓Biologic indicator
• A patient who is receiving mechanical ventilation requires an FiO2 of 0.70 and 10 cm
H2O PEEP to maintain an acceptable PaO2. The patient is restless and has become
disconnected from the ventilator circuit several times, during which she experiences
cardiac rhythm disturbances. A respiratory therapist should conclude that the patient
with benefit from a:
A. Sedative
B. Mucolytic
C. Neuromuscular blocker
D. Pulmonary vasodilator -✓✓Sedative
Lams and Pams
• What is signs? -✓✓What you see
• What is symptoms? -✓✓What the patient tells you
• What is the normal Urine output? -✓✓40 ml
• What is Hypovolemia?
What would you recommend? -✓✓low CVP
Give fluids
• What is semicomatose? -✓✓Patient responds to pain only
, • What is Lethargy/Somnolence?
What would you recommend? -✓✓Sleepy
Consider sleep apnea
COPD patients is getting to much oxygen
• ADL are evaluated using the ___________________ system -✓✓Katz
• What is orthopnea?
What patients would you see this in? -✓✓Cannot breathe laying flat
Seen in CHF patients
• What is General Malaise? -✓✓Electrolyte imbalance
• What is dyspnea? -✓✓Shortness of breath
• What is dysphagia? -✓✓Having a hard time swallowing
• What is Peripheral Edema?
What patients is it seen in? -✓✓Fluid in the arms and ankles
Seen in CHF patients
Seen in Renal failure
• What is Ascites?
What patients is it seen in? -✓✓Fluid in the abdomen
Seen in Liver failure patients
• What is clubbing?
What patients is it seen it? -✓✓Chronic hypoxia
Seen in COPD patients
• What patients will you see JVD in? -✓✓CHF patients
• What is Capillary Refill? -✓✓Color returns within 3 seconds
• What is diaphoresis? -✓✓Heavy sweating
Seen in CHF patients
Seen with Fever and infections
Seen with Anxiety and Nervousness
Seen with TB/ night sweats
• What is Ashen/Pallor? -✓✓Anemia
Acute blood loss