Test Bank For Structure and Function Of The Body
17th Ed By Kevin T. Patton,Thompson,Williamson
All Chapters |Verified Questions And Answers A+
Newest Version
,CHAPTER 1 — ORGANIZATION OF THE HUMAN BODY &
HOMEOSTASIS
Q1. The study of body function is called:
A. Anatomy
B. Physiology
C. Histology
D. Pathology
Answer: B. Physiology
Rationale: Physiology is the science of how the body and its parts function.
Q2. Which level of organization is more complex than an organ but less
complex than an organism?
A. Cell
B. Tissue
C. Organ system
D. Organ
Answer: C. Organ system
Rationale: Organ systems are groups of organs working together; they are
below the whole organism level.
Q3. Homeostasis is best defined as:
A. Complete absence of change
B. Maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions
C. Rapid fluctuation of body systems
D. The body’s adaptive immune response
Answer: B. Maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions
Rationale: Homeostasis refers to dynamic equilibrium within narrow limits,
e.g., temperature, pH.
Q4. A negative feedback loop:
A. Amplifies the initial stimulus
B. Always produces a pathological state
C. Decreases deviations from a set point
,D. Is rare in human physiology
Answer: C. Decreases deviations from a set point
Rationale: Negative feedback counteracts changes to maintain stability
(e.g., thermoregulation).
Q5. Which body plane divides the body into right and left portions?
A. Frontal (coronal)
B. Transverse
C. Sagittal
D. Oblique
Answer: C. Sagittal
Rationale: Sagittal planes split left/right; midsagittal is down the midline.
Q6. The anatomical term “anterior” means:
A. Toward the back
B. Toward the front
C. Toward the midline
D. Away from the head
Answer: B. Toward the front
Rationale: Anterior (ventral) = front of the body.
Q7. Which body cavity contains the heart and lungs?
A. Cranial cavity
B. Abdominal cavity
C. Thoracic cavity
D. Pelvic cavity
Answer: C. Thoracic cavity
Rationale: Thoracic cavity holds the lungs (pleural) and heart (pericardial).
Q8. An organ is best described as:
A. A group of similar cells performing the same function
B. Different tissues organized to perform a specific function
C. A macromolecule required by cells
D. A single specialized cell type
, Answer: B. Different tissues organized to perform a specific function
Rationale: Organs combine tissues (epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous)
for a task.
Q9. Which of these is an example of positive feedback (normal physiology)?
A. Insulin secretion after a meal
B. Blood pressure regulation by baroreceptors
C. Blood clot formation (hemostasis)
D. Temperature regulation by sweating
Answer: C. Blood clot formation (hemostasis)
Rationale: Clotting cascades amplify until vessel sealed — a positive
feedback loop.
Q10. In clinical terms, the prefix “hypo-” means:
A. Above or increased
B. Below or decreased
C. Within
D. After
Answer: B. Below or decreased
Rationale: Hypo- denotes low/under (e.g., hypoglycemia = low blood
glucose).
17th Ed By Kevin T. Patton,Thompson,Williamson
All Chapters |Verified Questions And Answers A+
Newest Version
,CHAPTER 1 — ORGANIZATION OF THE HUMAN BODY &
HOMEOSTASIS
Q1. The study of body function is called:
A. Anatomy
B. Physiology
C. Histology
D. Pathology
Answer: B. Physiology
Rationale: Physiology is the science of how the body and its parts function.
Q2. Which level of organization is more complex than an organ but less
complex than an organism?
A. Cell
B. Tissue
C. Organ system
D. Organ
Answer: C. Organ system
Rationale: Organ systems are groups of organs working together; they are
below the whole organism level.
Q3. Homeostasis is best defined as:
A. Complete absence of change
B. Maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions
C. Rapid fluctuation of body systems
D. The body’s adaptive immune response
Answer: B. Maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions
Rationale: Homeostasis refers to dynamic equilibrium within narrow limits,
e.g., temperature, pH.
Q4. A negative feedback loop:
A. Amplifies the initial stimulus
B. Always produces a pathological state
C. Decreases deviations from a set point
,D. Is rare in human physiology
Answer: C. Decreases deviations from a set point
Rationale: Negative feedback counteracts changes to maintain stability
(e.g., thermoregulation).
Q5. Which body plane divides the body into right and left portions?
A. Frontal (coronal)
B. Transverse
C. Sagittal
D. Oblique
Answer: C. Sagittal
Rationale: Sagittal planes split left/right; midsagittal is down the midline.
Q6. The anatomical term “anterior” means:
A. Toward the back
B. Toward the front
C. Toward the midline
D. Away from the head
Answer: B. Toward the front
Rationale: Anterior (ventral) = front of the body.
Q7. Which body cavity contains the heart and lungs?
A. Cranial cavity
B. Abdominal cavity
C. Thoracic cavity
D. Pelvic cavity
Answer: C. Thoracic cavity
Rationale: Thoracic cavity holds the lungs (pleural) and heart (pericardial).
Q8. An organ is best described as:
A. A group of similar cells performing the same function
B. Different tissues organized to perform a specific function
C. A macromolecule required by cells
D. A single specialized cell type
, Answer: B. Different tissues organized to perform a specific function
Rationale: Organs combine tissues (epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous)
for a task.
Q9. Which of these is an example of positive feedback (normal physiology)?
A. Insulin secretion after a meal
B. Blood pressure regulation by baroreceptors
C. Blood clot formation (hemostasis)
D. Temperature regulation by sweating
Answer: C. Blood clot formation (hemostasis)
Rationale: Clotting cascades amplify until vessel sealed — a positive
feedback loop.
Q10. In clinical terms, the prefix “hypo-” means:
A. Above or increased
B. Below or decreased
C. Within
D. After
Answer: B. Below or decreased
Rationale: Hypo- denotes low/under (e.g., hypoglycemia = low blood
glucose).
