Questions and Correct
Answers | New Update
trust vs. mistrust - ANSWER ✔✔the first psychosocial crisis in
Erikson's theory in which infants must develop a basic sense of trust of
the world as a safe place where their basic needs will be met
autonomy vs. shame and doubt - ANSWER ✔✔in Erikson's theory,
the psychosocial crisis of toddlerhood in which individuals must establish
the sense that they can make choices and guide their actions and
bodies
basic emotions - ANSWER ✔✔emotions that are universal in
humans, appear early in life, and are thought to have a long evolutional
,history; includes happiness, interest, surprise, fear, anger, sadness, and
disgust
social smile - ANSWER ✔✔a smile that emerges in response to
seeing familiar people; occurs in an infant between 6 and 10 weeks after
birth
self-conscious emotions - ANSWER ✔✔emotion that requires
cognitive development and an awareness of self, such as empathy,
embarrassment, shame, and guilt
emotional regulation - ANSWER ✔✔the ability to adjust and control
one's emotional state to influence how and when emotions are
expressed
social referencing - ANSWER ✔✔seeking information from caregivers
about how to interpret unfamiliar or ambiguous events by observing their
emotional expressions and reactions
emotional display rules - ANSWER ✔✔unstated cultural guidelines
for acceptable emotions and emotional expression that are
communicated to children via parents' emotional behavior, expressions,
and socialization
, stranger wariness - ANSWER ✔✔also known as stranger anxiety; an
infant's expression of fear of unfamiliar people
temperament - ANSWER ✔✔characteristic differences among
individuals in emotional reactivity, self-regulation, and activity that
influence reactions to the environment and are stable and appear early
in life
easy temperament - ANSWER ✔✔a temperament characterized by
regularity in biological rhythms, the tendency to adapt easily to new
experiences, and a general cheerfulness
difficult temperament - ANSWER ✔✔a temperament characterized by
irregularity in biological rhythms, slow adaptation to change, and a
tendency for intense negative reactions
slow-to-warm-up temperament - ANSWER ✔✔a temperament
characterized by mild irregularity in biological rhythms, slow adaption to
change, and a tendency for intesnse negative reactions
goodness of fit - ANSWER ✔✔the compatibility between a child's
temperament and their environment, especially the parent's
temperament and child-rearing methods; the grater the degree of match,
the more favorable the child's adjustment
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