Exam 3: NSG 3600 PEDS (Latest 2026/2027
Update) Nursing Practice in Children's
Health | Questions with Verified Answers
|100% Correct| Grade A – Galen.
Question:
The mother of a newborn asks the nurse why the infant has to nurse so
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
frequently. Which is the best response? i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
1. Formula tends to be more calorically dense, and formula-fed babies
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
require fewer feedings than breastfed babies.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
2. The newborn's stomach capacity is small, and peristalsis is slow.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
3. The newborn's stomach capacity is small, and peristalsis is more rapid
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
than in older children.
i,- i,- i,-
4. Breastfed babies tend to take longer to complete a feeding than
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
formula-fed babies.? i,-
Answer:
1. The caloric content of breast milk and formula tends to be similar.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
2. Peristalsis in infants is greater than in older
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
children.
3. The small-stomach capacity and rapid movement of fluid through the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
digestive system account for the need for small, frequent feedings.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
4. Breastfed babies and formula-fed babies do not necessarily have a
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
difference in feeding time. i,- i,- i,-
,TEST-TAKING HINT: The test taker should eliminate answers 1 and 4 i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
because they both form generalizations that are not supported by current
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
literature.
Question:
A 4-month-old has had vomiting and diarrhea for 24 hours. The infant is
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
fussy, and the anterior fontanel is sunken. The nurse notes the infant does
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
not produce tears when crying. Which task will help confirm the diagnosis
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
of dehydration?
i,-
1. Urinalysis obtained by bagged specimen.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
2. Urinalysis obtained by sterile catheterization.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
3. Analysis of serum electrolytes.
i,- i,- i,- i,-
4. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid.?
i,- i,- i,- i,-
Answer:
1. The information obtained from a urinalysis of an infant is not as helpful
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
as serum electrolytes. The infant has limited ability to concentrate urine,
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
so the specific gravity is not usually affected.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
2. The information obtained from a urinalysis of an infant is not as helpful
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
as serum electrolytes. The infant has limited ability to concentrate urine,
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
so the specific gravity is not usually affected. A urinalysis does not need to
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
be obtained by catheterization.
i,- i,- i,-
3. The analysis of serum electrolytes offers the most information and
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
assists with the diagnosis of dehydration.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
4. Although critical in diagnosing meningitis, a lumber puncture and
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
analysis of cerebrospinal fluid are not done to confirm dehydration.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
,TEST-TAKING HINT: Infants have limited ability to concentrate urine, so
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
answers 1 and 2 can be eliminated immediately.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
Question:
A 4-month-old is brought to the emergency department with severe
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
dehydration. The heart rate is 198, and her blood pressure is 68/38. The
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
infant's anterior fontanel is sunken. The nurse notes that the infant does
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
not cry when the intravenous lineis inserted. The child's parents state that
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
she has not "held anything down" in 18 hours. The nurse obtains a finger-
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
stick blood sugar of 94. Which would the nurse expect to do immediately?
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
1. Administer a bolus of normal saline.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
2. Administer a bolus of D10W.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
3. Administer a bolus of normal saline with 5% dextrose added to the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
solution.
4. Offer the child an oral rehydrating solution such as Pedialyte.?
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
Answer:
1. Dehydration is corrected with the administration of an isotonic solution,
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
such as normal saline or lactated Ringer solution.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
2. Solutions containing dextrose should never be administered in bolus
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
form because they may result in cerebral edema.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
3. Solutions containing dextrose should never be administered in bolus
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
form because they may result in cerebral edema.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
4. Severe dehydration is not usually corrected with oral solutions; children
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
with altered levels of consciousness should be kept NPO.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
, TEST-TAKING HINT: The test taker should immediately eliminate answers 2 i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
and 3 because they both suggest administering glucose in bolus form,
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
which is always contraindicated in pediatric clients. Answer 4 should be
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
eliminated because the infant is severely dehydrated and not responding
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
to painful stimulation, which is suggested by the lack of a cry on
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
intravenous insertion. i,-
Question:
The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who was admitted to the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
pediatric unit for moderate dehydration due to vomiting and diarrhea. The
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
child is restless with periods of irritability. The child is afebrile with a heart
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
rate of 148 and a blood pressure of 90/42. Baseline laboratory tests reveal
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
the following: Na 152, Cl 119, and glucose 115. The parents state that the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
child has not urinated in 12 hours. After establishing a saline lock, the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
nurse reviews the physician's orders. Which order should the nurse
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
question?
1. Administer a saline bolus of 10 mL/kg, which may be repeated if the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
child does not urinate.
i,- i,- i,-
2. Recheck serum electrolytes in 12 hours.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
3. After the saline bolus, begin maintenance fluids of D5 1⁄4 NS with 10
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
mEq KCl/L. i,-
4. Give clear liquid diet as tolerated.?
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
Answer:
1. Fluid boluses of normal saline are administered according to the child's
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
body weight. It is not unusual to have to repeat the bolus multiple times
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
in order to see an improvement in the child's condition.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
Update) Nursing Practice in Children's
Health | Questions with Verified Answers
|100% Correct| Grade A – Galen.
Question:
The mother of a newborn asks the nurse why the infant has to nurse so
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
frequently. Which is the best response? i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
1. Formula tends to be more calorically dense, and formula-fed babies
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
require fewer feedings than breastfed babies.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
2. The newborn's stomach capacity is small, and peristalsis is slow.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
3. The newborn's stomach capacity is small, and peristalsis is more rapid
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
than in older children.
i,- i,- i,-
4. Breastfed babies tend to take longer to complete a feeding than
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
formula-fed babies.? i,-
Answer:
1. The caloric content of breast milk and formula tends to be similar.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
2. Peristalsis in infants is greater than in older
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
children.
3. The small-stomach capacity and rapid movement of fluid through the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
digestive system account for the need for small, frequent feedings.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
4. Breastfed babies and formula-fed babies do not necessarily have a
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
difference in feeding time. i,- i,- i,-
,TEST-TAKING HINT: The test taker should eliminate answers 1 and 4 i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
because they both form generalizations that are not supported by current
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
literature.
Question:
A 4-month-old has had vomiting and diarrhea for 24 hours. The infant is
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
fussy, and the anterior fontanel is sunken. The nurse notes the infant does
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
not produce tears when crying. Which task will help confirm the diagnosis
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
of dehydration?
i,-
1. Urinalysis obtained by bagged specimen.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
2. Urinalysis obtained by sterile catheterization.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
3. Analysis of serum electrolytes.
i,- i,- i,- i,-
4. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid.?
i,- i,- i,- i,-
Answer:
1. The information obtained from a urinalysis of an infant is not as helpful
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
as serum electrolytes. The infant has limited ability to concentrate urine,
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
so the specific gravity is not usually affected.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
2. The information obtained from a urinalysis of an infant is not as helpful
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
as serum electrolytes. The infant has limited ability to concentrate urine,
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
so the specific gravity is not usually affected. A urinalysis does not need to
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
be obtained by catheterization.
i,- i,- i,-
3. The analysis of serum electrolytes offers the most information and
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
assists with the diagnosis of dehydration.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
4. Although critical in diagnosing meningitis, a lumber puncture and
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
analysis of cerebrospinal fluid are not done to confirm dehydration.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
,TEST-TAKING HINT: Infants have limited ability to concentrate urine, so
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
answers 1 and 2 can be eliminated immediately.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
Question:
A 4-month-old is brought to the emergency department with severe
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
dehydration. The heart rate is 198, and her blood pressure is 68/38. The
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
infant's anterior fontanel is sunken. The nurse notes that the infant does
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
not cry when the intravenous lineis inserted. The child's parents state that
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
she has not "held anything down" in 18 hours. The nurse obtains a finger-
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
stick blood sugar of 94. Which would the nurse expect to do immediately?
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
1. Administer a bolus of normal saline.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
2. Administer a bolus of D10W.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
3. Administer a bolus of normal saline with 5% dextrose added to the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
solution.
4. Offer the child an oral rehydrating solution such as Pedialyte.?
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
Answer:
1. Dehydration is corrected with the administration of an isotonic solution,
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
such as normal saline or lactated Ringer solution.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
2. Solutions containing dextrose should never be administered in bolus
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
form because they may result in cerebral edema.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
3. Solutions containing dextrose should never be administered in bolus
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
form because they may result in cerebral edema.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
4. Severe dehydration is not usually corrected with oral solutions; children
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
with altered levels of consciousness should be kept NPO.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
, TEST-TAKING HINT: The test taker should immediately eliminate answers 2 i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
and 3 because they both suggest administering glucose in bolus form,
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
which is always contraindicated in pediatric clients. Answer 4 should be
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
eliminated because the infant is severely dehydrated and not responding
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
to painful stimulation, which is suggested by the lack of a cry on
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
intravenous insertion. i,-
Question:
The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who was admitted to the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
pediatric unit for moderate dehydration due to vomiting and diarrhea. The
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
child is restless with periods of irritability. The child is afebrile with a heart
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
rate of 148 and a blood pressure of 90/42. Baseline laboratory tests reveal
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
the following: Na 152, Cl 119, and glucose 115. The parents state that the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
child has not urinated in 12 hours. After establishing a saline lock, the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
nurse reviews the physician's orders. Which order should the nurse
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
question?
1. Administer a saline bolus of 10 mL/kg, which may be repeated if the
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
child does not urinate.
i,- i,- i,-
2. Recheck serum electrolytes in 12 hours.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
3. After the saline bolus, begin maintenance fluids of D5 1⁄4 NS with 10
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
mEq KCl/L. i,-
4. Give clear liquid diet as tolerated.?
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
Answer:
1. Fluid boluses of normal saline are administered according to the child's
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
body weight. It is not unusual to have to repeat the bolus multiple times
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
in order to see an improvement in the child's condition.
i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-
