APEA PHARMACOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ Taking Pyridium for UTI, what can Pyridium cause?
Answer: Hemolytic Anemia
⩥ What can PCOS result in?
Answer: Increased insulin levels (Hyperinsulinemia), Androgens,
Hirsutism
⩥ What are the anti-hypertensives used in pregnancy?
Answer: Methyldopa (Alpha-2-Agonist), Labetalol, Nifedipine,
Hydralazine
⩥ What is a characteristic of Placenta Previa?
Answer: Painless, red bleeding
⩥ What is a chacteristic of Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Answer: Tender, warm, swollen joints
⩥ Medications that can cause ototoxicity?
,Answer: Aminoglycosides, loop diuretics, NSAIDs, antihistamines,
nasal decongestants
⩥ What is the treatment time for enterobiasis?
Answer: 2 weeks
⩥ What does MCV lab value measure?
Answer: Mean Corpuscular Volume helps diagnose different types of
anemia such as B12 & Folate (Macrocytic) and Fe anemia (Microcytic)
⩥ Rhogam is given at how many week gestation?
Answer: 27-28 weeks
⩥ What are Janeway lesions and what do they indicate?
Answer: They are irregular, non-tender hemorrhagic macules located on
the hands and feet. Seen in Infective Endocarditis
⩥ What are Osler's Nodes and what do they indicate?
Answer: They are split pea-sized, erythematous, tender nodules located
on the pads of the fingers and toes. Seen in Infective Endocarditis
⩥ What is the recommendation for Warfarin management when a patient
misses a dose?
,Answer: If within 12 hours of the dose time, take it. If over 12 hours
patient will need a INR redraw
⩥ What do we need to know about ACEs and ARBs?
Answer: A dry hacking cough is a common side effect of ACEs and will
go away within a week after discontinuing. ACEs & ARBs are indicated
for patients with DM, CKD, and HTN. Not recommended as 1st line
agent with African Americans & can cause angioedema.
⩥ Contraindications for Hydrochlorothiazide
Answer: Sulfa allergy, PCN hypersensitivity, Asthma, Gout
⩥ Systolic Murmurs (Benign)
Answer: MR = Mitral Regurge (SOB/Fatigue HF)
Peyton Manning = Physiologic Murmur (Asymptomatic)
AS = Aortic Stenosis (Angina, Syncope HF)
MVP = Mitral Valve Prolapse ("Click", Women 14-30, Palpitations,
Chest Pain
⩥ Diastolic Murmurs (Abnormal)
Answer: AR = Aortic Regurgitation (Angina, HF, Dizziness, Chest Pain)
MS = Mitral Stenosis (Dyspnea, AFib)
, ⩥ What does S1 indicate?
Answer: S1 Closure of the Atrioventricular Valves (Mitral & Tricuspid
Valves)
⩥ What does S2 indicate?
Answer: S2 Closure of the Semilunar Valves (Aortic & Pulmonic
Valves)
⩥ S3 is often heard in?
Answer: CHF, possibly normal for athletic adolescents
⩥ S4 is often heard in?
Answer: Diastolic HF, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH), Poorly
controlled HTN, MI
⩥ Treatment of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
Answer: Antiplatelets (Plavix, ASA), Pentoxifylline (Decreases blood
viscosity)
⩥ Diagnosing Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
Answer: Gold Standard = Angiography
Ankle Brachial Index (ABI)
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ Taking Pyridium for UTI, what can Pyridium cause?
Answer: Hemolytic Anemia
⩥ What can PCOS result in?
Answer: Increased insulin levels (Hyperinsulinemia), Androgens,
Hirsutism
⩥ What are the anti-hypertensives used in pregnancy?
Answer: Methyldopa (Alpha-2-Agonist), Labetalol, Nifedipine,
Hydralazine
⩥ What is a characteristic of Placenta Previa?
Answer: Painless, red bleeding
⩥ What is a chacteristic of Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Answer: Tender, warm, swollen joints
⩥ Medications that can cause ototoxicity?
,Answer: Aminoglycosides, loop diuretics, NSAIDs, antihistamines,
nasal decongestants
⩥ What is the treatment time for enterobiasis?
Answer: 2 weeks
⩥ What does MCV lab value measure?
Answer: Mean Corpuscular Volume helps diagnose different types of
anemia such as B12 & Folate (Macrocytic) and Fe anemia (Microcytic)
⩥ Rhogam is given at how many week gestation?
Answer: 27-28 weeks
⩥ What are Janeway lesions and what do they indicate?
Answer: They are irregular, non-tender hemorrhagic macules located on
the hands and feet. Seen in Infective Endocarditis
⩥ What are Osler's Nodes and what do they indicate?
Answer: They are split pea-sized, erythematous, tender nodules located
on the pads of the fingers and toes. Seen in Infective Endocarditis
⩥ What is the recommendation for Warfarin management when a patient
misses a dose?
,Answer: If within 12 hours of the dose time, take it. If over 12 hours
patient will need a INR redraw
⩥ What do we need to know about ACEs and ARBs?
Answer: A dry hacking cough is a common side effect of ACEs and will
go away within a week after discontinuing. ACEs & ARBs are indicated
for patients with DM, CKD, and HTN. Not recommended as 1st line
agent with African Americans & can cause angioedema.
⩥ Contraindications for Hydrochlorothiazide
Answer: Sulfa allergy, PCN hypersensitivity, Asthma, Gout
⩥ Systolic Murmurs (Benign)
Answer: MR = Mitral Regurge (SOB/Fatigue HF)
Peyton Manning = Physiologic Murmur (Asymptomatic)
AS = Aortic Stenosis (Angina, Syncope HF)
MVP = Mitral Valve Prolapse ("Click", Women 14-30, Palpitations,
Chest Pain
⩥ Diastolic Murmurs (Abnormal)
Answer: AR = Aortic Regurgitation (Angina, HF, Dizziness, Chest Pain)
MS = Mitral Stenosis (Dyspnea, AFib)
, ⩥ What does S1 indicate?
Answer: S1 Closure of the Atrioventricular Valves (Mitral & Tricuspid
Valves)
⩥ What does S2 indicate?
Answer: S2 Closure of the Semilunar Valves (Aortic & Pulmonic
Valves)
⩥ S3 is often heard in?
Answer: CHF, possibly normal for athletic adolescents
⩥ S4 is often heard in?
Answer: Diastolic HF, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH), Poorly
controlled HTN, MI
⩥ Treatment of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
Answer: Antiplatelets (Plavix, ASA), Pentoxifylline (Decreases blood
viscosity)
⩥ Diagnosing Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
Answer: Gold Standard = Angiography
Ankle Brachial Index (ABI)
