NURS 251 — Health Assessment
152 • 1 MAXE
NURS College of Nursing — Exam 1: Health Promotion & Wellness
A S S E S S M E N T I S T H E F O U N D AT I O N O F C A R E
251
NURS 251 — Exam 1
H E A LT H P R O M OT I O N , P R E V E N T I O N , L E A R N I N G T H E O R I E S & CU LT U R A L CO M P E T E N C E
INSTITUTION College of Nursing EXAM CODE NURS-251-EX1B-2026
PROGRAM NURS 251 — Health Assessment ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE NURS 251 Exam 1 — Health Promotion & TOTAL QUESTIONS 25 Questions — Comprehensive Review
Wellness
COURSE TITLE NURS 251 — Health Assessment FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the Single Best
Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question.
▸ Questions cover health promotion and prevention levels, dimensions of wellness, learning theories (Bloom's taxonomy,
domains of learning), transtheoretical model of change, motivational interviewing, social determinants of health, cultural
competence, and self-efficacy.
▸ Distinguish carefully between primary/secondary/tertiary prevention and the stages of the transtheoretical model.
▸ Correct answers and detailed rationales appear below each question for comprehensive review.
SECTION I — HEALTH PROMOTION, PREVENTION & BEHAVIORAL Questions 1 –
CHANGE 25
1. Health promotion is best defined as:
A. Treating disease after it has been diagnosed
B. Increasing healthy behaviors to enhance well-being and reach optimal health
C. Conducting screenings to detect early disease
D. Rehabilitating patients after a major illness
CORRECT ANSWER B — Health promotion focuses on increasing healthy behaviors and empowering individuals to
improve their health and well-being.
RATIONALE Health promotion is proactive — it seeks to enhance wellness through lifestyle changes, education, and
environmental supports. It differs from disease prevention (Option C — screening/early detection), treatment
(Option A), and rehabilitation (Option D — tertiary prevention). Health promotion addresses the determinants
of health and empowers people to take control of their health through behaviors like exercise, healthy eating,
stress management, and avoiding harmful substances.
, 2. Primary prevention aims to:
A. Catch illness early through screenings
B. Decrease long-lasting effects of established illness
C. Stop or prevent illness before it starts — includes immunizations, health education, and lifestyle modification
D. Provide rehabilitation after a stroke
CORRECT ANSWER C — Primary prevention stops illness before it occurs. Examples: immunizations, smoking cessation
programs, nutrition education, exercise promotion, and safety measures (seatbelts, helmets).
RATIONALE Three levels of prevention: Primary — prevents disease/injury BEFORE it occurs (vaccines, health education,
lifestyle changes, environmental measures); Secondary — detects disease EARLY through screening
(mammograms, colonoscopies, blood pressure checks, Pap smears); Tertiary — reduces impact of
ESTABLISHED disease (rehabilitation, cardiac rehab after MI, diabetes management to prevent complications,
stroke rehab).
3. A mammogram is an example of which level of prevention?
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention — screening to catch illness early
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Health promotion only
CORRECT ANSWER B — Secondary prevention. Mammograms, colonoscopies, Pap smears, and blood pressure screenings
detect disease early when treatment is most effective.
RATIONALE Secondary prevention = early detection through screening before symptoms appear. It does NOT prevent
disease occurrence (that's primary) — it identifies existing disease at an early, more treatable stage. Other
examples: TB skin tests, depression screening (PHQ-9), developmental screening in children, HIV testing,
cholesterol screening. The goal is early intervention to improve outcomes.
4. Tertiary prevention focuses on:
A. Preventing disease before it occurs
B. Detecting disease early through screening
C. Decreasing long-lasting effects of illness and preventing complications — rehabilitation, cardiac rehab, diabetes
management
D. Promoting general wellness in healthy populations
CORRECT ANSWER C — Tertiary prevention reduces complications and long-term effects of established disease.
Examples: cardiac rehabilitation after MI, stroke rehab, diabetes self-management education, chronic
pain management programs.
RATIONALE Tertiary prevention aims to: (1) Prevent disease progression; (2) Limit disability; (3) Maximize function and
quality of life. It occurs AFTER diagnosis and initial treatment. Examples: physical therapy after joint
replacement, pulmonary rehab for COPD, support groups for cancer survivors, foot care programs for
diabetics to prevent amputation. The goal is restoring optimal functioning and preventing further
deterioration.
152 • 1 MAXE
NURS College of Nursing — Exam 1: Health Promotion & Wellness
A S S E S S M E N T I S T H E F O U N D AT I O N O F C A R E
251
NURS 251 — Exam 1
H E A LT H P R O M OT I O N , P R E V E N T I O N , L E A R N I N G T H E O R I E S & CU LT U R A L CO M P E T E N C E
INSTITUTION College of Nursing EXAM CODE NURS-251-EX1B-2026
PROGRAM NURS 251 — Health Assessment ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE NURS 251 Exam 1 — Health Promotion & TOTAL QUESTIONS 25 Questions — Comprehensive Review
Wellness
COURSE TITLE NURS 251 — Health Assessment FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the Single Best
Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question.
▸ Questions cover health promotion and prevention levels, dimensions of wellness, learning theories (Bloom's taxonomy,
domains of learning), transtheoretical model of change, motivational interviewing, social determinants of health, cultural
competence, and self-efficacy.
▸ Distinguish carefully between primary/secondary/tertiary prevention and the stages of the transtheoretical model.
▸ Correct answers and detailed rationales appear below each question for comprehensive review.
SECTION I — HEALTH PROMOTION, PREVENTION & BEHAVIORAL Questions 1 –
CHANGE 25
1. Health promotion is best defined as:
A. Treating disease after it has been diagnosed
B. Increasing healthy behaviors to enhance well-being and reach optimal health
C. Conducting screenings to detect early disease
D. Rehabilitating patients after a major illness
CORRECT ANSWER B — Health promotion focuses on increasing healthy behaviors and empowering individuals to
improve their health and well-being.
RATIONALE Health promotion is proactive — it seeks to enhance wellness through lifestyle changes, education, and
environmental supports. It differs from disease prevention (Option C — screening/early detection), treatment
(Option A), and rehabilitation (Option D — tertiary prevention). Health promotion addresses the determinants
of health and empowers people to take control of their health through behaviors like exercise, healthy eating,
stress management, and avoiding harmful substances.
, 2. Primary prevention aims to:
A. Catch illness early through screenings
B. Decrease long-lasting effects of established illness
C. Stop or prevent illness before it starts — includes immunizations, health education, and lifestyle modification
D. Provide rehabilitation after a stroke
CORRECT ANSWER C — Primary prevention stops illness before it occurs. Examples: immunizations, smoking cessation
programs, nutrition education, exercise promotion, and safety measures (seatbelts, helmets).
RATIONALE Three levels of prevention: Primary — prevents disease/injury BEFORE it occurs (vaccines, health education,
lifestyle changes, environmental measures); Secondary — detects disease EARLY through screening
(mammograms, colonoscopies, blood pressure checks, Pap smears); Tertiary — reduces impact of
ESTABLISHED disease (rehabilitation, cardiac rehab after MI, diabetes management to prevent complications,
stroke rehab).
3. A mammogram is an example of which level of prevention?
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention — screening to catch illness early
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Health promotion only
CORRECT ANSWER B — Secondary prevention. Mammograms, colonoscopies, Pap smears, and blood pressure screenings
detect disease early when treatment is most effective.
RATIONALE Secondary prevention = early detection through screening before symptoms appear. It does NOT prevent
disease occurrence (that's primary) — it identifies existing disease at an early, more treatable stage. Other
examples: TB skin tests, depression screening (PHQ-9), developmental screening in children, HIV testing,
cholesterol screening. The goal is early intervention to improve outcomes.
4. Tertiary prevention focuses on:
A. Preventing disease before it occurs
B. Detecting disease early through screening
C. Decreasing long-lasting effects of illness and preventing complications — rehabilitation, cardiac rehab, diabetes
management
D. Promoting general wellness in healthy populations
CORRECT ANSWER C — Tertiary prevention reduces complications and long-term effects of established disease.
Examples: cardiac rehabilitation after MI, stroke rehab, diabetes self-management education, chronic
pain management programs.
RATIONALE Tertiary prevention aims to: (1) Prevent disease progression; (2) Limit disability; (3) Maximize function and
quality of life. It occurs AFTER diagnosis and initial treatment. Examples: physical therapy after joint
replacement, pulmonary rehab for COPD, support groups for cancer survivors, foot care programs for
diabetics to prevent amputation. The goal is restoring optimal functioning and preventing further
deterioration.
