Circulatory System Exam
2026
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, what is a circulatory system? how organisms deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues
what is simple diffusion? passive movement of dissolved substances due to concentration gradient
_____ is fluid that allows gas exchange blood
in closed circulatory systems
what are the primary/true heart chambers? atria and ventricles
ventricles are (stronger/weaker) than atria - why? stronger; ventricles pump blood out to the body, while atria only pump blood into the
ventricle directly attached to it
what are the four primary chambers of four-chambered left and right atrium; left and right ventricle
hearts?
why does the blood not mix in four-chambered hearts? because there are two separate ventricles for the deoxygenated and oxygenated
blood
four-chambered hearts are _____ circulation hearts double
what type of animals have four-chambered hearts? birds and mammals (homeothermic chordates)
the right atrium accepts _____ deoxygenated
(oxygenated/deoxygenated) blood from the vena cava
blood pumps from the right atrium to the _____ through right ventricle; tricuspid (atrioventricular) valve
the _____
what is the right atrioventricular valve also known as and tricuspid valve; it has three cusps (flaps)
why? Mnemonic: The Right AV valve = TRicuspid valve
what are the largest veins in the human body and to what vena cava; the right atrium
do they connect?
what returns deoxygenated blood from above the heart? superior vena cava
what returns deoxygenated blood from below the heart? inferior vena cava
2026