Neuro - Test Banks - Brunner &
Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical
Nursing 14e Chapter 65 – 70 with correct
answers
1. |A |patient |is |brought |to |the |ER |following |a |motor |vehicle |accident |in |which |he |sustained |head |
trauma. |Preliminary |assessment |reveals |a |vision |deficit |in |the |patients |left |eye. |The |nurse |should |
associate |this
abnormal |finding |with |trauma |to |which |of |the |following |cerebral |lobes?
A) |Temporal
B) |Occipital
C) |Parietal
D) |Frontal |- |answersB
Feedback:
The |posterior |lobe |of |the |cerebral |hemisphere |is |responsible |for |visual |interpretation. |The |temporal |
lobe
contains |the |auditory |receptive |areas. |The |parietal |lobe |contains |the |primary |sensory |cortex, |and |is
essential |to |an |individuals |awareness |of |the |body |in |space, |as |well |as |orientation |in |space |and |spatial
relations. |The |frontal |lobe |functions |in |concentration, |abstract |thought, |information |storage |or |
memory, |and |motor |function.
2. |A |patient |scheduled |for |magnetic |resonance |imaging |(MRI) |has |arrived |at |the |radiology |
department. |The
nurse |who |prepares |the |patient |for |the |MRI |should |prioritize |which |of |the |following |actions?
A) |Withholding |stimulants |24 |to |48 |hours |prior |to |exam
B) |Removing |all |metal-containing |objects
C) |Instructing |the |patient |to |void |prior |to |the |MRI
D) |Initiating |an |IV |line |for |administration |of |contrast |- |answersB
Feedback:
Patient |preparation |for |an |MRI |consists |of |removing |all |metal-containing |objects |prior |to |the
,examination. |Withholding |stimulants |would |not |affect |an |MRI; |this |relates |to |an |
electroencephalography
(EEG). |Instructing |the |patient |to |void |is |patient |preparation |for |a |lumbar |puncture. |Initiating |an |IV |line
for |administration |of |contrast |would |be |done |if |the |patient |was |having |a |CT |scan |with |contrast.
3. |A |gerontologic |nurse |planning |the |neurologic |assessment |of |an |older |adult |is |considering |normal, |
age |related |changes. |Of |what |phenomenon |should |the |nurse |be |aware?
A) |Hyperactive |deep |tendon |reflexes
B) |Reduction |in |cerebral |blood |flow
C) |Increased |cerebral |metabolism
D) |Hypersensitivity |to |painful |stimuli |- |answersB
Feedback:
Reduction |in |cerebral |blood |flow |(CBF) |is |a |change |that |occurs |in |the |normal |aging |process. |Deep
tendon |reflexes |can |be |decreased |or, |in |some |cases, |absent. |Cerebral |metabolism |decreases |as |the |
patient
advances |in |age. |Reaction |to |painful |stimuli |may |be |decreased |with |age. |Because |pain |is |an |important
warning |signal, |caution |must |be |used |when |hot |or |cold |packs |are |used.
4. |The |nurse |has |admitted |a |new |patient |to |the |unit. |One |of |the |patients |admitting |orders |is |for |an
adrenergic |medication. |The |nurse |knows |that |this |medication |will |have |what |effect |on |the |circulatory
system?
A) |Thin, |watery |saliva
B) |Increased |heart |rate
C) |Decreased |BP
D) |Constricted |bronchioles |- |answersB
Feedback:
The |term |adrenergic |refers |to |the |sympathetic |nervous |system. |Sympathetic |effects |include |an |
increased
rate |and |force |of |the |heartbeat. |Cholinergic |effects, |which |correspond |to |the |parasympathetic |
division |of
the |autonomic |nervous |system, |include |thin, |watery |saliva, |decreased |rate |and |force |of |heartbeat, |
and
decreased |BP.
,5. |A |nurse |is |assessing |reflexes |in |a |patient |with |hyperactive |reflexes. |When |the |patients |foot |is |
abruptly
dorsiflexed, |it |continues |to |beat |two |to |three |times |before |settling |into |a |resting |position. |How |would
|the
nurse |document |this |finding?
A) |Rigidity
B) |Flaccidity
C) |Clonus
D) |Ataxia |- |answersC
Feedback:
When |reflexes |are |very |hyperactive, |a |phenomenon |called |clonus |may |be |elicited. |If |the |foot |is |
abruptly
dorsiflexed, |it |may |continue |to |beat |two |to |three |times |before |it |settles |into |a |position |of |rest. |
Rigidity |is
an |increase |in |muscle |tone |at |rest |characterized |by |increased |resistance |to |passive |stretch. |Flaccidity |
is
lack |of |muscle |tone. |Ataxia |is |the |inability |to |coordinate |muscle |movements, |resulting |in |difficulty
walking, |talking, |and |performing |self-care |activities.
6. |The |nurse |is |doing |an |initial |assessment |on |a |patient |newly |admitted |to |the |unit |with |a |diagnosis |
of
cerebrovascular |accident |(CVA). |The |patient |has |difficulty |copying |a |figure |that |the |nurse |has |drawn |
and
is |diagnosed |with |visual-receptive |aphasia. |What |brain |region |is |primarily |involved |in |this |deficit?
A) |Temporal |lobe
B) |Parietal-occipital |area
C) |Inferior |posterior |frontal |areas
D) |Posterior |frontal |area |- |answersB
Feedback:
Difficulty |copying |a |figure |that |the |nurse |has |drawn |would |be |considered |visual-receptive |aphasia, |
which |involves |the |parietal-occipital |area. |Expressive |aphasia, |the |inability |to |express |oneself, |is |often
associated |with |damage |to |the |frontal |area. |Receptive |aphasia, |the |inability |to |understand |what |
someone
, else |is |saying, |is |often |associated |with |damage |to |the |temporal |lobe |area.
7. |What |term |is |used |to |describe |the |fibrous |connective |tissue |that |hugs |the |brain |closely |and |
extends |into
every |fold |of |the |brains |surface?
A) |Dura |mater
B) |Arachnoid
C) |Fascia
D) |Pia |mater |- |answersD
Feedback:
The |term |meninges |describes |the |fibrous |connective |tissue |that |covers |the |brain |and |spinal |cord. |The
meninges |have |three |layers, |the |dura |mater, |arachnoid, |and |pia |mater. |The |pia |mater |is |the |
innermost
membrane |that |hugs |the |brain |closely |and |extends |into |every |fold |of |the |brains |surface. |The |dura |
mater,
the |outermost |layer, |covers |the |brain |and |spinal |cord. |The |arachnoid, |the |middle |membrane, |is
responsible |for |the |production |of |cerebrospinal |fluid.
8. |The |nurse |is |caring |for |a |patient |with |an |upper |motor |neuron |lesion. |What |clinical |manifestations |
should
the |nurse |anticipate |when |planning |the |patients |neurologic |assessment?
A) |Decreased |muscle |tone
B) |Flaccid |paralysis
C) |Loss |of |voluntary |control |of |movement
D) |Slow |reflexes |- |answersC
Feedback:
Upper |motor |neuron |lesions |do |not |cause |muscle |atrophy, |flaccid |paralysis, |or |slow |reflexes. |
However, |upper |motor |neuron |lesions |normally |cause |loss |of |voluntary |control.
9. |The |nurse |is |admitting |a |patient |to |the |unit |who |is |diagnosed |with |a |lower |motor |neuron |lesion. |
What
entry |in |the |patients |electronic |record |is |most |consistent |with |this |diagnosis?
A) |Patient |exhibits |increased |muscle |tone.
B) |Patient |demonstrates |normal |muscle |structure |with |no |evidence |of |atrophy.
Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical
Nursing 14e Chapter 65 – 70 with correct
answers
1. |A |patient |is |brought |to |the |ER |following |a |motor |vehicle |accident |in |which |he |sustained |head |
trauma. |Preliminary |assessment |reveals |a |vision |deficit |in |the |patients |left |eye. |The |nurse |should |
associate |this
abnormal |finding |with |trauma |to |which |of |the |following |cerebral |lobes?
A) |Temporal
B) |Occipital
C) |Parietal
D) |Frontal |- |answersB
Feedback:
The |posterior |lobe |of |the |cerebral |hemisphere |is |responsible |for |visual |interpretation. |The |temporal |
lobe
contains |the |auditory |receptive |areas. |The |parietal |lobe |contains |the |primary |sensory |cortex, |and |is
essential |to |an |individuals |awareness |of |the |body |in |space, |as |well |as |orientation |in |space |and |spatial
relations. |The |frontal |lobe |functions |in |concentration, |abstract |thought, |information |storage |or |
memory, |and |motor |function.
2. |A |patient |scheduled |for |magnetic |resonance |imaging |(MRI) |has |arrived |at |the |radiology |
department. |The
nurse |who |prepares |the |patient |for |the |MRI |should |prioritize |which |of |the |following |actions?
A) |Withholding |stimulants |24 |to |48 |hours |prior |to |exam
B) |Removing |all |metal-containing |objects
C) |Instructing |the |patient |to |void |prior |to |the |MRI
D) |Initiating |an |IV |line |for |administration |of |contrast |- |answersB
Feedback:
Patient |preparation |for |an |MRI |consists |of |removing |all |metal-containing |objects |prior |to |the
,examination. |Withholding |stimulants |would |not |affect |an |MRI; |this |relates |to |an |
electroencephalography
(EEG). |Instructing |the |patient |to |void |is |patient |preparation |for |a |lumbar |puncture. |Initiating |an |IV |line
for |administration |of |contrast |would |be |done |if |the |patient |was |having |a |CT |scan |with |contrast.
3. |A |gerontologic |nurse |planning |the |neurologic |assessment |of |an |older |adult |is |considering |normal, |
age |related |changes. |Of |what |phenomenon |should |the |nurse |be |aware?
A) |Hyperactive |deep |tendon |reflexes
B) |Reduction |in |cerebral |blood |flow
C) |Increased |cerebral |metabolism
D) |Hypersensitivity |to |painful |stimuli |- |answersB
Feedback:
Reduction |in |cerebral |blood |flow |(CBF) |is |a |change |that |occurs |in |the |normal |aging |process. |Deep
tendon |reflexes |can |be |decreased |or, |in |some |cases, |absent. |Cerebral |metabolism |decreases |as |the |
patient
advances |in |age. |Reaction |to |painful |stimuli |may |be |decreased |with |age. |Because |pain |is |an |important
warning |signal, |caution |must |be |used |when |hot |or |cold |packs |are |used.
4. |The |nurse |has |admitted |a |new |patient |to |the |unit. |One |of |the |patients |admitting |orders |is |for |an
adrenergic |medication. |The |nurse |knows |that |this |medication |will |have |what |effect |on |the |circulatory
system?
A) |Thin, |watery |saliva
B) |Increased |heart |rate
C) |Decreased |BP
D) |Constricted |bronchioles |- |answersB
Feedback:
The |term |adrenergic |refers |to |the |sympathetic |nervous |system. |Sympathetic |effects |include |an |
increased
rate |and |force |of |the |heartbeat. |Cholinergic |effects, |which |correspond |to |the |parasympathetic |
division |of
the |autonomic |nervous |system, |include |thin, |watery |saliva, |decreased |rate |and |force |of |heartbeat, |
and
decreased |BP.
,5. |A |nurse |is |assessing |reflexes |in |a |patient |with |hyperactive |reflexes. |When |the |patients |foot |is |
abruptly
dorsiflexed, |it |continues |to |beat |two |to |three |times |before |settling |into |a |resting |position. |How |would
|the
nurse |document |this |finding?
A) |Rigidity
B) |Flaccidity
C) |Clonus
D) |Ataxia |- |answersC
Feedback:
When |reflexes |are |very |hyperactive, |a |phenomenon |called |clonus |may |be |elicited. |If |the |foot |is |
abruptly
dorsiflexed, |it |may |continue |to |beat |two |to |three |times |before |it |settles |into |a |position |of |rest. |
Rigidity |is
an |increase |in |muscle |tone |at |rest |characterized |by |increased |resistance |to |passive |stretch. |Flaccidity |
is
lack |of |muscle |tone. |Ataxia |is |the |inability |to |coordinate |muscle |movements, |resulting |in |difficulty
walking, |talking, |and |performing |self-care |activities.
6. |The |nurse |is |doing |an |initial |assessment |on |a |patient |newly |admitted |to |the |unit |with |a |diagnosis |
of
cerebrovascular |accident |(CVA). |The |patient |has |difficulty |copying |a |figure |that |the |nurse |has |drawn |
and
is |diagnosed |with |visual-receptive |aphasia. |What |brain |region |is |primarily |involved |in |this |deficit?
A) |Temporal |lobe
B) |Parietal-occipital |area
C) |Inferior |posterior |frontal |areas
D) |Posterior |frontal |area |- |answersB
Feedback:
Difficulty |copying |a |figure |that |the |nurse |has |drawn |would |be |considered |visual-receptive |aphasia, |
which |involves |the |parietal-occipital |area. |Expressive |aphasia, |the |inability |to |express |oneself, |is |often
associated |with |damage |to |the |frontal |area. |Receptive |aphasia, |the |inability |to |understand |what |
someone
, else |is |saying, |is |often |associated |with |damage |to |the |temporal |lobe |area.
7. |What |term |is |used |to |describe |the |fibrous |connective |tissue |that |hugs |the |brain |closely |and |
extends |into
every |fold |of |the |brains |surface?
A) |Dura |mater
B) |Arachnoid
C) |Fascia
D) |Pia |mater |- |answersD
Feedback:
The |term |meninges |describes |the |fibrous |connective |tissue |that |covers |the |brain |and |spinal |cord. |The
meninges |have |three |layers, |the |dura |mater, |arachnoid, |and |pia |mater. |The |pia |mater |is |the |
innermost
membrane |that |hugs |the |brain |closely |and |extends |into |every |fold |of |the |brains |surface. |The |dura |
mater,
the |outermost |layer, |covers |the |brain |and |spinal |cord. |The |arachnoid, |the |middle |membrane, |is
responsible |for |the |production |of |cerebrospinal |fluid.
8. |The |nurse |is |caring |for |a |patient |with |an |upper |motor |neuron |lesion. |What |clinical |manifestations |
should
the |nurse |anticipate |when |planning |the |patients |neurologic |assessment?
A) |Decreased |muscle |tone
B) |Flaccid |paralysis
C) |Loss |of |voluntary |control |of |movement
D) |Slow |reflexes |- |answersC
Feedback:
Upper |motor |neuron |lesions |do |not |cause |muscle |atrophy, |flaccid |paralysis, |or |slow |reflexes. |
However, |upper |motor |neuron |lesions |normally |cause |loss |of |voluntary |control.
9. |The |nurse |is |admitting |a |patient |to |the |unit |who |is |diagnosed |with |a |lower |motor |neuron |lesion. |
What
entry |in |the |patients |electronic |record |is |most |consistent |with |this |diagnosis?
A) |Patient |exhibits |increased |muscle |tone.
B) |Patient |demonstrates |normal |muscle |structure |with |no |evidence |of |atrophy.
