NR511 ACCURATE AND FREQUENTLY ASKED
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS||
LATEST AND COMPLETE UPDATE WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+|| SURE PASS!!
In the table above, what is the sensitivity of the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) for detecting
prostate cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Sensitivity is the proportion of client with the disease that have a positive result; it is the
number of true positives divided by the total number of clients who have the disease.
A diagnostic test is used in a sample of 1000 clients. 500 of these clients have the disease, while
500 do not. Of those 500 clients without the disease, 30 tests positive, and 470 tests negative.
What is the specificity of the test? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Specificity: proportion of 'test negative' of total without the disease; the number of true
negatives over all negatives. In this example, 500/1000 clients have the disease; 30 test positive,
and 470 test negative.
The Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of a test refers to which of the following? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Test PPV refers to the proportion of clients with a positive test who have the disease
Which of the following depends on the prevalence of the disease? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Predictive values depend on the prevalence of disease in the population whereas sensitivity and
specificity are intrinsic properties of the test. Reliability refers to the consistency or stability of a
measure.
A low pretest probability of disease may lead to which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Low positive predictive value and more false-positive results
,Positive predictive value increases with prevalence; thus, low prevalence value yields a low
positive predictive value and implies a high false-positive rate. Negative predictive value
decreases with prevalence, and sensitivity/specificity do not vary.
If you strongly suspect that a client is positive for a specific condition but tests negative, the
negative result may be: - CORRECT ANSWER -False-negative test results due to a low negative
predictive value.
Your clinical suspicion is equivalent to pre-test probability and high prevalence of a population.
Negative predictive value is inversely correlated with prevalence. Your clinical suspicion is a low
negative predictive value, suggesting a false-negative.
A client has a positive rapid strep test. Knowing nothing else, how likely is it that the client has
strep pharyngitis? - CORRECT ANSWER -Cannot be determined from this information.
Without a pre-test probability the test result cannot be interpreted accurately.
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Fever - CORRECT ANSWER -CBC
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Unexplained bruising - CORRECT
ANSWER -CBC
hich test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Fatigue - CORRECT ANSWER -CBC, CMP
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Cardiac dysrhythmias - CORRECT
ANSWER -CMP, electrolyte abnormalities
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Unexplained weight loss - CORRECT
ANSWER -CBC, CMP
,Check WBC for inflammation or possible cancer, CMP for glucose, liver or kidney abnormalities
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Edema - CORRECT ANSWER -CMP
SNAPPS - CORRECT ANSWER -Summarize the history and findings
Narrow the differential diagnosis to two or three possibilities
Analyze the differential by comparing and contrasting the possibilities
Probe the preceptor by asking questions about alternative approaches or uncertainties
Plan the management of the client's health issues
Select an issue from the case for self-directed learning
Pruritis - CORRECT ANSWER --Pruritus is the sensation of itching accompanied by the urge to
scratch and can be considered as acute or chronic. It can be a symptom of an actual
dermatological issue or it can be a symptom of another disease or drug reaction. In persons
older than 65, pruritis is the most common skin complaint encountered in primary care.
-Pruritis is caused from a localized reaction, as in the case of an insect bite or it can be caused
from a systemic response. A systemic cause of pruritis is in hyperbilirubinemia where bile salts
deposit in the skin creating the discomfort. Pruritis can exist with or without a rash.
rash - CORRECT ANSWER -A rash is a clinical manifestation of inflammation that can have
multiple etiologies, including autoimmune, parasitic, viral, and bacterial origins. A thorough and
careful history is an important step in the evaluation of pruritis and rashes
Third-party payers - CORRECT ANSWER -7 categories: Medicare/ Medicaid, VA, workman's
comp, indemnity insurance, managed care corp,
auto liability
Payment of NPs by Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS): - CORRECT ANSWER -
85% of physicians fee
, Medicare Part A and B (what each pays): - CORRECT ANSWER -o A: Inpatient hospital stay,
skilled nursing care, hospice, home care
o B: Outpatient services, provider visits, surgery, lab, medical equipment, preventative exams.
The purpose of Medicare Advantage Plans - CORRECT ANSWER -Benefits of Medicare and
additional with lower copays
Assessment and diagnosis of herpes zoster - CORRECT ANSWER --Painful rash with blisters
(unilateral vesicular rash along dermatome) most commonly a thoracic or
lumbar dermatome
- May present with unexplained pain
Assessment and diagnosis of common skin complaints - CORRECT ANSWER -Sexual history
(STD), social history (Occupational exposure, travel, hobbies, pets, drugs), Medications,
Medical history (recent illness)
Health teaching for patients with pruritus - CORRECT ANSWER --Patients should be educated to
avoid scratching, to use cool compresses and apply pressure to itchy
areas, and to keep fingernails trimmed
-avoidance of strong soaps; taking shorter, tepid showers (10 to 20 minutes) instead of hot
baths; and the
use of effective emollients
Treatment of urticaria - CORRECT ANSWER -antihistamines
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS||
LATEST AND COMPLETE UPDATE WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+|| SURE PASS!!
In the table above, what is the sensitivity of the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) for detecting
prostate cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Sensitivity is the proportion of client with the disease that have a positive result; it is the
number of true positives divided by the total number of clients who have the disease.
A diagnostic test is used in a sample of 1000 clients. 500 of these clients have the disease, while
500 do not. Of those 500 clients without the disease, 30 tests positive, and 470 tests negative.
What is the specificity of the test? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Specificity: proportion of 'test negative' of total without the disease; the number of true
negatives over all negatives. In this example, 500/1000 clients have the disease; 30 test positive,
and 470 test negative.
The Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of a test refers to which of the following? - CORRECT
ANSWER -Test PPV refers to the proportion of clients with a positive test who have the disease
Which of the following depends on the prevalence of the disease? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Predictive values depend on the prevalence of disease in the population whereas sensitivity and
specificity are intrinsic properties of the test. Reliability refers to the consistency or stability of a
measure.
A low pretest probability of disease may lead to which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Low positive predictive value and more false-positive results
,Positive predictive value increases with prevalence; thus, low prevalence value yields a low
positive predictive value and implies a high false-positive rate. Negative predictive value
decreases with prevalence, and sensitivity/specificity do not vary.
If you strongly suspect that a client is positive for a specific condition but tests negative, the
negative result may be: - CORRECT ANSWER -False-negative test results due to a low negative
predictive value.
Your clinical suspicion is equivalent to pre-test probability and high prevalence of a population.
Negative predictive value is inversely correlated with prevalence. Your clinical suspicion is a low
negative predictive value, suggesting a false-negative.
A client has a positive rapid strep test. Knowing nothing else, how likely is it that the client has
strep pharyngitis? - CORRECT ANSWER -Cannot be determined from this information.
Without a pre-test probability the test result cannot be interpreted accurately.
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Fever - CORRECT ANSWER -CBC
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Unexplained bruising - CORRECT
ANSWER -CBC
hich test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Fatigue - CORRECT ANSWER -CBC, CMP
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Cardiac dysrhythmias - CORRECT
ANSWER -CMP, electrolyte abnormalities
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Unexplained weight loss - CORRECT
ANSWER -CBC, CMP
,Check WBC for inflammation or possible cancer, CMP for glucose, liver or kidney abnormalities
Which test(s) provide data relevant to the chief complaint: Edema - CORRECT ANSWER -CMP
SNAPPS - CORRECT ANSWER -Summarize the history and findings
Narrow the differential diagnosis to two or three possibilities
Analyze the differential by comparing and contrasting the possibilities
Probe the preceptor by asking questions about alternative approaches or uncertainties
Plan the management of the client's health issues
Select an issue from the case for self-directed learning
Pruritis - CORRECT ANSWER --Pruritus is the sensation of itching accompanied by the urge to
scratch and can be considered as acute or chronic. It can be a symptom of an actual
dermatological issue or it can be a symptom of another disease or drug reaction. In persons
older than 65, pruritis is the most common skin complaint encountered in primary care.
-Pruritis is caused from a localized reaction, as in the case of an insect bite or it can be caused
from a systemic response. A systemic cause of pruritis is in hyperbilirubinemia where bile salts
deposit in the skin creating the discomfort. Pruritis can exist with or without a rash.
rash - CORRECT ANSWER -A rash is a clinical manifestation of inflammation that can have
multiple etiologies, including autoimmune, parasitic, viral, and bacterial origins. A thorough and
careful history is an important step in the evaluation of pruritis and rashes
Third-party payers - CORRECT ANSWER -7 categories: Medicare/ Medicaid, VA, workman's
comp, indemnity insurance, managed care corp,
auto liability
Payment of NPs by Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS): - CORRECT ANSWER -
85% of physicians fee
, Medicare Part A and B (what each pays): - CORRECT ANSWER -o A: Inpatient hospital stay,
skilled nursing care, hospice, home care
o B: Outpatient services, provider visits, surgery, lab, medical equipment, preventative exams.
The purpose of Medicare Advantage Plans - CORRECT ANSWER -Benefits of Medicare and
additional with lower copays
Assessment and diagnosis of herpes zoster - CORRECT ANSWER --Painful rash with blisters
(unilateral vesicular rash along dermatome) most commonly a thoracic or
lumbar dermatome
- May present with unexplained pain
Assessment and diagnosis of common skin complaints - CORRECT ANSWER -Sexual history
(STD), social history (Occupational exposure, travel, hobbies, pets, drugs), Medications,
Medical history (recent illness)
Health teaching for patients with pruritus - CORRECT ANSWER --Patients should be educated to
avoid scratching, to use cool compresses and apply pressure to itchy
areas, and to keep fingernails trimmed
-avoidance of strong soaps; taking shorter, tepid showers (10 to 20 minutes) instead of hot
baths; and the
use of effective emollients
Treatment of urticaria - CORRECT ANSWER -antihistamines
