GFACT Certification Exam 2026| Actual
Exam Questions and Correct Answers
with Explanations for Guaranteed Pass
Domain 1: Foundations of Computing (Questions 1-20)
1. What is a process in the context of a computer operating system?
• A) A saved document on the hard drive
• B) A collection of data and instructions required for the execution of
a running program
• C) A type of malware that replicates itself
• D) The physical CPU chip inside the computer
,,,answer,,,: B) A collection of data and instructions required for the
execution of a running program
Explanation: A process is an instance of a program in execution. It
contains the program code (instructions) and its current activity (data,
stack, registers). When you close a program, its process is terminated and
removed from memory.
2. How is RAM (Random Access Memory) different from storage (like an
SSD or HDD)?
• A) RAM is non-volatile; storage is volatile
, • B) RAM is volatile; storage is non-volatile
• C) RAM holds the operating system permanently; storage holds
temporary files
• D) There is no difference; they are the same thing
,,,answer,,,: B) RAM is volatile; storage is non-volatile
Explanation: RAM is volatile memory, meaning it loses all data when
power is turned off. Storage drives retain data even when powered off.
3. What is a "bit" in computing?
• A) A unit of data that can have only two possible values
• B) A collection of 8 bytes
• C) A type of computer virus
• D) The speed of a processor
,,,answer,,,: A) A unit of data that can have only two possible values
Explanation: A bit is the most basic unit of data in computing. It can
represent only two states: 0 or 1, on or off, true or false. 8 bits make up a
byte.
4. Which computer component manages ongoing access to a
computer's shared RAM and drive storage resources?
• A) Memory Registers
• B) BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
, • C) Kernel
• D) Bootloader
,,,answer,,,: C) Kernel
Explanation: The kernel is the core of the operating system. It manages
system resources, including memory allocation, process scheduling, and
access to storage devices.
5. What does ASCII stand for and what is its purpose?
• A) A type of encryption algorithm for securing data
• B) A type of encoding to display data as text characters
• C) A network routing protocol
• D) A type of computer virus
,,,answer,,,: B) A type of encoding to display data as text characters
Explanation: ASCII (American Standard Code for Information
Interchange) is a character encoding standard that assigns numeric
values to letters, digits, and symbols so computers can represent and
manipulate text.
6. What does it mean when a computer program is described as "multi-
threaded"?
• A) It calls multiple external libraries
• B) It has multiple serial numbers for different users
, • C) It can run multiple chunks of code concurrently
• D) It has multiple functions defined in the program
,,,answer,,,: C) It can run multiple chunks of code concurrently
Explanation: A multi-threaded program can execute multiple threads
(lightweight processes) simultaneously, allowing different tasks to run in
parallel for improved performance and responsiveness.
7. When a program runs on a computer, it temporarily loads code into
memory that contains information about the program. The code is
deleted when the program is closed. What is the instance of this code
called?
• A) Process
• B) Kernel
• C) BIOS
• D) Application
,,,answer,,,: A) Process
Explanation: A process is a running instance of a program. It exists in
memory while the program executes and is terminated when the program
closes.
8. What is the primary purpose of virtualization in modern IT
infrastructure?
Exam Questions and Correct Answers
with Explanations for Guaranteed Pass
Domain 1: Foundations of Computing (Questions 1-20)
1. What is a process in the context of a computer operating system?
• A) A saved document on the hard drive
• B) A collection of data and instructions required for the execution of
a running program
• C) A type of malware that replicates itself
• D) The physical CPU chip inside the computer
,,,answer,,,: B) A collection of data and instructions required for the
execution of a running program
Explanation: A process is an instance of a program in execution. It
contains the program code (instructions) and its current activity (data,
stack, registers). When you close a program, its process is terminated and
removed from memory.
2. How is RAM (Random Access Memory) different from storage (like an
SSD or HDD)?
• A) RAM is non-volatile; storage is volatile
, • B) RAM is volatile; storage is non-volatile
• C) RAM holds the operating system permanently; storage holds
temporary files
• D) There is no difference; they are the same thing
,,,answer,,,: B) RAM is volatile; storage is non-volatile
Explanation: RAM is volatile memory, meaning it loses all data when
power is turned off. Storage drives retain data even when powered off.
3. What is a "bit" in computing?
• A) A unit of data that can have only two possible values
• B) A collection of 8 bytes
• C) A type of computer virus
• D) The speed of a processor
,,,answer,,,: A) A unit of data that can have only two possible values
Explanation: A bit is the most basic unit of data in computing. It can
represent only two states: 0 or 1, on or off, true or false. 8 bits make up a
byte.
4. Which computer component manages ongoing access to a
computer's shared RAM and drive storage resources?
• A) Memory Registers
• B) BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
, • C) Kernel
• D) Bootloader
,,,answer,,,: C) Kernel
Explanation: The kernel is the core of the operating system. It manages
system resources, including memory allocation, process scheduling, and
access to storage devices.
5. What does ASCII stand for and what is its purpose?
• A) A type of encryption algorithm for securing data
• B) A type of encoding to display data as text characters
• C) A network routing protocol
• D) A type of computer virus
,,,answer,,,: B) A type of encoding to display data as text characters
Explanation: ASCII (American Standard Code for Information
Interchange) is a character encoding standard that assigns numeric
values to letters, digits, and symbols so computers can represent and
manipulate text.
6. What does it mean when a computer program is described as "multi-
threaded"?
• A) It calls multiple external libraries
• B) It has multiple serial numbers for different users
, • C) It can run multiple chunks of code concurrently
• D) It has multiple functions defined in the program
,,,answer,,,: C) It can run multiple chunks of code concurrently
Explanation: A multi-threaded program can execute multiple threads
(lightweight processes) simultaneously, allowing different tasks to run in
parallel for improved performance and responsiveness.
7. When a program runs on a computer, it temporarily loads code into
memory that contains information about the program. The code is
deleted when the program is closed. What is the instance of this code
called?
• A) Process
• B) Kernel
• C) BIOS
• D) Application
,,,answer,,,: A) Process
Explanation: A process is a running instance of a program. It exists in
memory while the program executes and is terminated when the program
closes.
8. What is the primary purpose of virtualization in modern IT
infrastructure?
