ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES EXAM
2026 STUDY GUIDE | NURSING
PRACTICE QUESTIONS, ANSWERS
& RATIONALES
| GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED
SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales Included
, aldosterone reuptake of sodium is regulated by what hormone?
sodium electrolye needed for nerve impulse transmission and acid/base balance
fever, diarrhea, heat stroke, osmotic diuretic treatment In hypernatremia, water loss in excess of Na loss causes ______________
hypertonic tube feedings, IV infusions In hypernatremia, Na intake in excess of water intake cause______
s/s of hypernatremia thirst, dry flushed skin, dry mucous membranes. poor skin turgor, confusion,
restlessness agitation, decreased urine output
hypernatremia treatment of ____is to replace water gradually, low salt diet, rehydrate with IV
isotonic fulids
inside the cells most of the body's water is located
135-145 mEQ/L normal serum sodium concentration
3.5-5.0 mEQ/L normal serum potassium concentration
aldosterone which hormone exerts the most control over how much sodium is retained or
excreted by the kidneys?
anasarca massive generalized edema
rapid weight gain what is the most reliable sign of current fluid volume excess?
adult male what group (age/sex) would get the highest rate of IV infusion
hyponatremia (low sodium in ECF) serum sodium < 135 mEQ/L
diuretics + dietary restriction, vomiting, nasogastric In hyponatremia, sodium loss is caused by _____-
drainage, diarrhea, sweating, or aldosterone deficiency
tap water enemas, excessive administration of hypotonic In hyponatremia, water gain could be caused by_
IV solutions, massive PO intake
s/s hyponatremia cellular swelling causing lethargy, twitching, irritability, convulsions or coma,
abdominal cramping nausea, urine specific gravity low
H20 intoxication normal balance of electrolytes is outside of safe limits, secondary to the over-
consumption of warer
treatment of hyponatremia restrict fluid intake, hypertonic IV infusions (3% NaCl), diuretics
potassium major cation in ICF, causes neuromuscular excitability, muscle contraction, and
assists in regulating acid-base balance
fluid excess s/s of ______is crackles in the lungs, edema, excessive urination and weight gain
2026 STUDY GUIDE | NURSING
PRACTICE QUESTIONS, ANSWERS
& RATIONALES
| GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED
SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales Included
, aldosterone reuptake of sodium is regulated by what hormone?
sodium electrolye needed for nerve impulse transmission and acid/base balance
fever, diarrhea, heat stroke, osmotic diuretic treatment In hypernatremia, water loss in excess of Na loss causes ______________
hypertonic tube feedings, IV infusions In hypernatremia, Na intake in excess of water intake cause______
s/s of hypernatremia thirst, dry flushed skin, dry mucous membranes. poor skin turgor, confusion,
restlessness agitation, decreased urine output
hypernatremia treatment of ____is to replace water gradually, low salt diet, rehydrate with IV
isotonic fulids
inside the cells most of the body's water is located
135-145 mEQ/L normal serum sodium concentration
3.5-5.0 mEQ/L normal serum potassium concentration
aldosterone which hormone exerts the most control over how much sodium is retained or
excreted by the kidneys?
anasarca massive generalized edema
rapid weight gain what is the most reliable sign of current fluid volume excess?
adult male what group (age/sex) would get the highest rate of IV infusion
hyponatremia (low sodium in ECF) serum sodium < 135 mEQ/L
diuretics + dietary restriction, vomiting, nasogastric In hyponatremia, sodium loss is caused by _____-
drainage, diarrhea, sweating, or aldosterone deficiency
tap water enemas, excessive administration of hypotonic In hyponatremia, water gain could be caused by_
IV solutions, massive PO intake
s/s hyponatremia cellular swelling causing lethargy, twitching, irritability, convulsions or coma,
abdominal cramping nausea, urine specific gravity low
H20 intoxication normal balance of electrolytes is outside of safe limits, secondary to the over-
consumption of warer
treatment of hyponatremia restrict fluid intake, hypertonic IV infusions (3% NaCl), diuretics
potassium major cation in ICF, causes neuromuscular excitability, muscle contraction, and
assists in regulating acid-base balance
fluid excess s/s of ______is crackles in the lungs, edema, excessive urination and weight gain
