ORTHOTIC WRITTEN SIMULATION ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
What is impacted with a C1-C3 spinal cord injury?
-limited movement of head and neck
-paralysis in arms, hands, neck, trunk, and legs
-breathing, coughing, control of bladder/bowel may be impacted
-speech may be impacted
What is the orthotic treatment for C1-C3 spinal cord injury?
-powered specialized wheelchair
-ADL total assist
What is impacted with a C4 spinal cord injury?
-usually has head and neck control
-may shrug their shoulders
-hand, trunk and leg paralysis
What is the impact of a C5 spinal cord injury?
-typically has head and neck control. can shrug shoulders and has shoulder
control
-elbow flexion is possible and can turn palms face down
-hand, trunk and leg paralysis
What is the impact of a C6 spinal cord injury?
-has movement of head, neck, shoulders, arms and wrist. can shrug
shoulders, bend elbows, turn palms up and down, and extend wrists
-hand, trunk and leg paralysis
What is the orthotic recommendation for a C6 spinal cord injury?
,utilize natural tenodesis
What is the impact of a C7 spinal cord injury?
-has movement of head, neck, shoulders, arms and wrist. can shrug
shoulders, bend elbows and straighten them, turn palms up and down, and
extend wrists
-hand, trunk, and leg paralysis
What is the orthotic recommendation for C7 spinal cord injury?
Static HO with MP extension stop allowing individual to utilize their own
tenodesis
What is the impact of a T1 spinal cord injury?
-has added strength and precision of fingers that result in limited or natural
hand function
-trunk and leg paralysis
What is the impact of a L1/L2 spinal cord injury?
-upper extremity functions
-leg paralysis
(paraplegia)
What is the impact of a L3 spinal cord injury?
-limited hip flexion
What is the impact of a L4 spinal cord injury?
-limited quadriceps (knee extension)
-has hip flexion and adduction
What is the impact of a L5 spinal cord injury?
, -limited dorsiflexion, toe extension, hip abduction and knee flexion
-has hip flexion, hip adduction, knee extension
What is the impact of a S1 spinal cord injury?
-limited knee flexion, hip extension, plantarflexion and toe flexion
-has hip flexion, adduction, abduction, knee extension, DF, toe extension
What is the impact of a S2 spinal cord injury?
- may have weak hip extension, knee flexion, toe flexion and plantarflexion
-has hip flexion, adduction, abduction, knee extension, DF, toe extension
What is a myotome?
Group of muscles innervated by a single spinal nerve
Myotome C5
elbow flexion
Myotome C6
wrist extension
Myotome C7
elbow extension
Myotome C8
finger flexion
Myotome T1
finger abduction
Myotome L2
hip flexion
Myotome L3
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
What is impacted with a C1-C3 spinal cord injury?
-limited movement of head and neck
-paralysis in arms, hands, neck, trunk, and legs
-breathing, coughing, control of bladder/bowel may be impacted
-speech may be impacted
What is the orthotic treatment for C1-C3 spinal cord injury?
-powered specialized wheelchair
-ADL total assist
What is impacted with a C4 spinal cord injury?
-usually has head and neck control
-may shrug their shoulders
-hand, trunk and leg paralysis
What is the impact of a C5 spinal cord injury?
-typically has head and neck control. can shrug shoulders and has shoulder
control
-elbow flexion is possible and can turn palms face down
-hand, trunk and leg paralysis
What is the impact of a C6 spinal cord injury?
-has movement of head, neck, shoulders, arms and wrist. can shrug
shoulders, bend elbows, turn palms up and down, and extend wrists
-hand, trunk and leg paralysis
What is the orthotic recommendation for a C6 spinal cord injury?
,utilize natural tenodesis
What is the impact of a C7 spinal cord injury?
-has movement of head, neck, shoulders, arms and wrist. can shrug
shoulders, bend elbows and straighten them, turn palms up and down, and
extend wrists
-hand, trunk, and leg paralysis
What is the orthotic recommendation for C7 spinal cord injury?
Static HO with MP extension stop allowing individual to utilize their own
tenodesis
What is the impact of a T1 spinal cord injury?
-has added strength and precision of fingers that result in limited or natural
hand function
-trunk and leg paralysis
What is the impact of a L1/L2 spinal cord injury?
-upper extremity functions
-leg paralysis
(paraplegia)
What is the impact of a L3 spinal cord injury?
-limited hip flexion
What is the impact of a L4 spinal cord injury?
-limited quadriceps (knee extension)
-has hip flexion and adduction
What is the impact of a L5 spinal cord injury?
, -limited dorsiflexion, toe extension, hip abduction and knee flexion
-has hip flexion, hip adduction, knee extension
What is the impact of a S1 spinal cord injury?
-limited knee flexion, hip extension, plantarflexion and toe flexion
-has hip flexion, adduction, abduction, knee extension, DF, toe extension
What is the impact of a S2 spinal cord injury?
- may have weak hip extension, knee flexion, toe flexion and plantarflexion
-has hip flexion, adduction, abduction, knee extension, DF, toe extension
What is a myotome?
Group of muscles innervated by a single spinal nerve
Myotome C5
elbow flexion
Myotome C6
wrist extension
Myotome C7
elbow extension
Myotome C8
finger flexion
Myotome T1
finger abduction
Myotome L2
hip flexion
Myotome L3
