© 2026 Copy Right Reserved.
Nursing Pharmacology Fundamentals
Exam | Questions And Answers With
Verified Rationales | 2026/27 Qs & Ans
Digital Pdf Download
1. A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client. Which assessment finding
should cause the nurse to withhold the medication?
A. Blood pressure 130/80 mmHg
B. Apical pulse 54 beats/min
C. Respiratory rate 18 breaths/min
D. Temperature 37°C
Answer: B. Apical pulse 54 beats/min
Rationale: Digoxin can cause bradycardia. The nurse should withhold the
medication and notify the provider if the apical pulse is below 60 beats/min
in adults.
2. Which route of medication administration provides the fastest onset of action?
A. Oral
B. Intramuscular
C. Intravenous
D. Subcutaneous
Answer: C. Intravenous
1
, © 2026 Copy Right Reserved.
Rationale: Intravenous administration delivers medication directly into the
bloodstream, resulting in immediate absorption and rapid therapeutic
effect.
3. A client taking warfarin should be instructed to avoid excessive intake of which
food?
A. Bananas
B. Spinach
C. Apples
D. Chicken
Answer: B. Spinach
Rationale: Spinach is high in vitamin K, which can decrease the
effectiveness of warfarin and interfere with anticoagulation therapy.
4. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of nitroglycerin
administration?
A. “I will swallow the tablet whole.”
B. “I will place the tablet under my tongue.”
C. “I can take unlimited tablets for chest pain.”
D. “I should store tablets in sunlight.”
Answer: B. “I will place the tablet under my tongue.”
Rationale: Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets should be placed under the
tongue for rapid absorption during angina episodes.
2
, © 2026 Copy Right Reserved.
5. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor for a client receiving heparin
therapy?
A. INR
B. Platelet count
C. Hemoglobin A1C
D. Calcium level
Answer: B. Platelet count
Rationale: Heparin can cause heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT),
making platelet monitoring essential.
6. A major side effect of opioid analgesics is:
A. Hypertension
B. Respiratory depression
C. Tachycardia
D. Diarrhea
Answer: B. Respiratory depression
Rationale: Opioids suppress the respiratory center in the brain and can
lead to life-threatening respiratory depression.
3
, © 2026 Copy Right Reserved.
7. Which medication classification is used to treat bacterial infections?
A. Antivirals
B. Antibiotics
C. Antifungals
D. Antihistamines
Answer: B. Antibiotics
Rationale: Antibiotics are medications specifically used to treat bacterial
infections.
8. A client receiving furosemide is at risk for which electrolyte imbalance?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypermagnesemia
Answer: C. Hypokalemia
Rationale: Loop diuretics such as furosemide increase potassium excretion,
placing clients at risk for hypokalemia.
9. Which medication is classified as a beta-blocker?
A. Lisinopril
B. Metoprolol
C. Amlodipine
D. Furosemide
4
Nursing Pharmacology Fundamentals
Exam | Questions And Answers With
Verified Rationales | 2026/27 Qs & Ans
Digital Pdf Download
1. A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client. Which assessment finding
should cause the nurse to withhold the medication?
A. Blood pressure 130/80 mmHg
B. Apical pulse 54 beats/min
C. Respiratory rate 18 breaths/min
D. Temperature 37°C
Answer: B. Apical pulse 54 beats/min
Rationale: Digoxin can cause bradycardia. The nurse should withhold the
medication and notify the provider if the apical pulse is below 60 beats/min
in adults.
2. Which route of medication administration provides the fastest onset of action?
A. Oral
B. Intramuscular
C. Intravenous
D. Subcutaneous
Answer: C. Intravenous
1
, © 2026 Copy Right Reserved.
Rationale: Intravenous administration delivers medication directly into the
bloodstream, resulting in immediate absorption and rapid therapeutic
effect.
3. A client taking warfarin should be instructed to avoid excessive intake of which
food?
A. Bananas
B. Spinach
C. Apples
D. Chicken
Answer: B. Spinach
Rationale: Spinach is high in vitamin K, which can decrease the
effectiveness of warfarin and interfere with anticoagulation therapy.
4. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of nitroglycerin
administration?
A. “I will swallow the tablet whole.”
B. “I will place the tablet under my tongue.”
C. “I can take unlimited tablets for chest pain.”
D. “I should store tablets in sunlight.”
Answer: B. “I will place the tablet under my tongue.”
Rationale: Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets should be placed under the
tongue for rapid absorption during angina episodes.
2
, © 2026 Copy Right Reserved.
5. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor for a client receiving heparin
therapy?
A. INR
B. Platelet count
C. Hemoglobin A1C
D. Calcium level
Answer: B. Platelet count
Rationale: Heparin can cause heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT),
making platelet monitoring essential.
6. A major side effect of opioid analgesics is:
A. Hypertension
B. Respiratory depression
C. Tachycardia
D. Diarrhea
Answer: B. Respiratory depression
Rationale: Opioids suppress the respiratory center in the brain and can
lead to life-threatening respiratory depression.
3
, © 2026 Copy Right Reserved.
7. Which medication classification is used to treat bacterial infections?
A. Antivirals
B. Antibiotics
C. Antifungals
D. Antihistamines
Answer: B. Antibiotics
Rationale: Antibiotics are medications specifically used to treat bacterial
infections.
8. A client receiving furosemide is at risk for which electrolyte imbalance?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypermagnesemia
Answer: C. Hypokalemia
Rationale: Loop diuretics such as furosemide increase potassium excretion,
placing clients at risk for hypokalemia.
9. Which medication is classified as a beta-blocker?
A. Lisinopril
B. Metoprolol
C. Amlodipine
D. Furosemide
4
