NURS 611 EXAM 1 (MARYVILLE) NEWEST 2026
ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK| NURS611 ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 REVIEW WITH
COMPLETE 350 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED
A+ (MOST RECENT!!)
In chronic cigarette smokers, ciliated columnar epithelial calls are
replaced with squamous cells. This process is called:
A. Hyperplasia
B. Metaplasia
C. Hypertrophy
D. Necrosis – Correct Answer - B. Metaplasia
Which substance produced during ethanol metabolism is highly toxic
and carcinogenic?
A. Bilirubin
B. Acetaldehyde
C. Lactate
D. Ketones – Correct Answer - B. Acetalldehyde
Which type of cell death is programmed and physiologic?
A. Necrosis
B. Apoptosis
C. Ischemia
pg. 1
,D. Autolysis – Correct Answer - B. Apoptosis
Which population is particularly vulnerable to fluid imbalance because
of immature kidneys?
A. Adolescents
B. Older adults
C. Infants
D. Athletes – Correct Answer - C. Infants
Low plasma albumin levels can cause edema because of decreased:
A. Hydrostatic pressure
B. Oncotic pressure
C. Osmolality
D. Filtration pressure – Correct Answer - B. Oncotic pressure
Which hormone primarily regulates water retention?
A. Aldosterone
B. ANP
C. BNP
D. ADH – Correct Answer - C. BNP
Natriuretic peptides act as antagonists to:
A. ADH
B. RAAS
C. Insulin
pg. 2
,D. Cortisol – Correct Answer - B. RAAS
Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with peaked T waves?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypokalemia – Correct Answer - C. Hyperkalemia
Flattened T waves and prominent U waves are characteristic of:
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypermagnesemia – Correct Answer - B. Hypokalemia
Which electrolyte imbalance increases neuromuscular excitability and
tetany?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypocalcemia
C. Hypermagnesemia
D. Hypernatremia – Correct Answer - B. Hypocalcemia
Hypermagnesemia is most commonly associated with:
A. Excess sweating
B. Kidney failure
C. Hyperventilation
pg. 3
, D. Diarrhea – Correct Answer - B. Kidney failure
Kussmaul respirations are a compensatory mechanism for:
A. Respiratory alkalosis
B. Metabolic acidosis
C. Respiratory acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis – Correct Answer - B. Metabolic acidosis
Which cell structure is responsible for packaging and directing proteins
within the cell?
A. Lysosome
B. Ribosome
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Mitochondria – Correct Answer - C. Golgi apparatus
Ribosomes are primarily responsible for:
A. ATP production
B. Protein synthesis
C. DNA repair
D. Lipid metabolism – Correct Answer - B. Protein synthesis
Which cellular adaptation involves an increase in cell size?
A. Hyperplasia
B. Metaplasia
C. Hypertrophy
pg. 4
ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK| NURS611 ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 REVIEW WITH
COMPLETE 350 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED
A+ (MOST RECENT!!)
In chronic cigarette smokers, ciliated columnar epithelial calls are
replaced with squamous cells. This process is called:
A. Hyperplasia
B. Metaplasia
C. Hypertrophy
D. Necrosis – Correct Answer - B. Metaplasia
Which substance produced during ethanol metabolism is highly toxic
and carcinogenic?
A. Bilirubin
B. Acetaldehyde
C. Lactate
D. Ketones – Correct Answer - B. Acetalldehyde
Which type of cell death is programmed and physiologic?
A. Necrosis
B. Apoptosis
C. Ischemia
pg. 1
,D. Autolysis – Correct Answer - B. Apoptosis
Which population is particularly vulnerable to fluid imbalance because
of immature kidneys?
A. Adolescents
B. Older adults
C. Infants
D. Athletes – Correct Answer - C. Infants
Low plasma albumin levels can cause edema because of decreased:
A. Hydrostatic pressure
B. Oncotic pressure
C. Osmolality
D. Filtration pressure – Correct Answer - B. Oncotic pressure
Which hormone primarily regulates water retention?
A. Aldosterone
B. ANP
C. BNP
D. ADH – Correct Answer - C. BNP
Natriuretic peptides act as antagonists to:
A. ADH
B. RAAS
C. Insulin
pg. 2
,D. Cortisol – Correct Answer - B. RAAS
Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with peaked T waves?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypokalemia – Correct Answer - C. Hyperkalemia
Flattened T waves and prominent U waves are characteristic of:
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypermagnesemia – Correct Answer - B. Hypokalemia
Which electrolyte imbalance increases neuromuscular excitability and
tetany?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypocalcemia
C. Hypermagnesemia
D. Hypernatremia – Correct Answer - B. Hypocalcemia
Hypermagnesemia is most commonly associated with:
A. Excess sweating
B. Kidney failure
C. Hyperventilation
pg. 3
, D. Diarrhea – Correct Answer - B. Kidney failure
Kussmaul respirations are a compensatory mechanism for:
A. Respiratory alkalosis
B. Metabolic acidosis
C. Respiratory acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis – Correct Answer - B. Metabolic acidosis
Which cell structure is responsible for packaging and directing proteins
within the cell?
A. Lysosome
B. Ribosome
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Mitochondria – Correct Answer - C. Golgi apparatus
Ribosomes are primarily responsible for:
A. ATP production
B. Protein synthesis
C. DNA repair
D. Lipid metabolism – Correct Answer - B. Protein synthesis
Which cellular adaptation involves an increase in cell size?
A. Hyperplasia
B. Metaplasia
C. Hypertrophy
pg. 4
