NSG 3500 – Adult Health Nursing / Medical-Surgical Nursing –
Unit 5 EXAM LATEST 2026-2027 QUESTIONS AND 100%
Verified ANSWERS
A nurse is teaching a client who has iron deficiency anemia about ferrous sulfate. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Take the ferrous sulfate at bedtime.
B. Take the ferrous sulfate with an antacid.
C. Take the ferrous sulfate between meals.
D. Take the ferrous sulfate with yogurt. - answer>>C
The client should take the medication between meals for optimal absorption. The client should take the
medication at least 1 hr before bedtime to reduce the risk of stomach irritation. Antacids interfere with the
absorption of ferrous sulfate. Dairy products interfere with the absorption of carbonyl iron; therefore, the client
should not take the medication with yogurt.
A school nurse is speaking with a teenage girl. The girl asks the school nurse why she is getting frequent urinary
tract infections. The nurse concludes that the nursing diagnosis for this patient is knowledge deficit based on the
patient's incorrect response to which of the following questions?
A. "How often do you shower?"
B. "Do you have a family history of urinary problems?"
C. "When was your last UTI?"
D. "In what direction do you wipe after a bowel movement?" - answer>>D
People should wipe front to back after a bowel movement. If the patient answered incorrectly (she wipes back to
front) then she has a knowledge deficit related to why she has frequent UTIs. A family history of UTIs, the date of
her last UTI, and how frequently she showers are not the most relevant to her issue of frequent UTIs.
A nurse is assessing a client's colostomy during a pouching change and finds that the stoma is reddish pink and
moist with slight bleeding when the mucosa is rubbed. What should the nurse do?
A. Leave the pouch off because due to redness of the stoma.
B. Reapply the pouch, and then call the healthcare provider about the bleeding at the stoma site.
C. Immediately call the healthcare provider to report bleeding at the stoma site.
,D. Complete the pouching change because this is a normal assessment of the stoma. - answer>>D
The stoma site should be reddish pink and moist. Mucosa is highly vascular and may bleed slightly when rubbed.
These are normal findings and there is no need to call the provider or leave the pouch off.
A client with a chronic urinary tract infection (UTI) is scheduled for a number of laboratory tests. The nurse would
note that which test result best evaluates whether the kidneys are being adversely affected?
A. Serum potassium 3.8 mEq/L
B. Urinalysis specific gravity 1.015
C. Serum creatinine 2.0 mg/dL
D. Urine culture negative - answer>>C
Serum creatinine should be between 0.5 and 1.2 mg/dL. An elevated level indicates an issue with the kidneys. The
remaining lab values are all within normal ranges.
A nurse is reviewing the care plan for a client after a urinary diversion with an ileal conduit that includes all of the
nursing diagnoses listed below. Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse place as the lowest priority?
A. Altered skin integrity
B. Disturbed body image
C. Deficient fluid volume
D. Acute pain - answer>>B
Disturbed body image is a wellness nursing diagnosis and would not be the priority. The remaining nursing
diagnoses require immediate intervention while in the hospital.
A patient has vague symptoms that indicate an acute inflammatory bowel disorder. Which signs & symptoms are
most indicative of Crohn's disease (CD)?
A. Lower abdominal colicky pain relieved with defecation
B. Chronic diarrhea, constant abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant, and low-grade fever.
C. Multiple episodes of bloody diarrhea
D. Constipation, weight loss, fatigue, and constant need to have a bowel movement that is not relieved by having
a bowel movement. - answer>>B
Chronic diarrhea, constant abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant, and low-grade fever are common
symptoms of Crohn's Disease. Colicky abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea are characteristic of Ulcerative Colitis.
,Constipation, weight loss, fatigue, and constant need to have a bowel movement that is not relieved by having a
bowel movement is characteristic of colorectal cancer which is a complication of ulcerative colitis lasting longer
than 10 years.
The nurse is educating a client who is scheduled for a permanent ileostomy. What should the nurse include
regarding bowel function and care?
A. A collection device over the stoma will always be required.
B. Stool will gradually become semi-solid and formed
C. Bowel control will progressively return.
D. Oral fluid intake should be limited - answer>>A
A collection device is required because an ileostomy drains frequently with loose stool. Over time, the stool may
become thicker (pastelike) but will not be semi-solid or formed because it does not pass through the colon and
absorb water. The patient will not regain bowel control because the colon and rectum have been removed. Oral
fluid intake should be increased to prevent dehydration due to the frequency of output from the ileostomy.
A patient has been newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC). What does the nurse teach the patient about diet
and lifestyle choices?
A. "Drinking carbonated beverages will help with your abdominal distress."
B. "It's OK to smoke cigarettes, but you should limit them to ½ pack per day."
C. "Lactose-containing foods should be reduced or eliminated from your diet."
D. "Raw vegetables and high-fiber foods may help to diminish your symptoms." - answer>>C
Lactose-containing foods should be reduced or eliminated because they are poorly tolerated. Smoking and
carbonated beverages are GI stimulants that can cause abdominal discomfort. Raw vegetables and high-fiber
foods can also cause GI symptoms and should be eaten sparingly or avoided.
Which is a correct statement differentiating Crohn's disease (CD) from ulcerative colitis (UC)?
A. Patients with Crohn's Disease experience about 20 loose, bloody stools daily.
B. Nutritional issues are common with Ulcerative Colitis.
C. Patients with Ulcerative Colitis may experience hemorrhage.
D. Very few complications are associated with Crohn's Disease. - answer>>C
Patients with ulcerative colitis may experience hemorrhage due to erosion of the bowel wall. In Crohn's Disease, it
may be 5-6 stools per day. 10-20 stools is characteristic of Ulcerative Colitis. Nutritional deficiencies are common
, in both disorders. Crohn's Disease is often associated with a lot of complications - such as fistulas and frequent
surgeries.
The nurse is preparing to discharge a patient with urinary diversion. The nurse anticipates the patient will require
some teaching prior to going home. Which of the following points will the nurse incorporate into the plan?
A. The need to change the appliance every day.
B. The importance of increasing fluid intake.
C. Instructing the patient to notify the physician if the stoma is deep pink and moist.
D. Instructing the patient that strands of blood may appear in the urine. - answer>>B
Increasing fluid intake helps to flush out any mucus that may be present. The appliance only needs to be changed
every 5-7 days. A deep pink and moist stoma is normal. Blood in the urine is not a normal finding and would
require PCP follow-up.
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The
client asks about foods he should avoid eating. Which of the following foods should the nurse tell him to avoid?
A.Nonfat milk
B.Chocolate
C.Apples
D.Oatmeal - answer>>B
A nurse is teaching a client about strategies to manage gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which of the
following statements should the nurse include?
A."Sleep upright in a chair to prevent nighttime reflux."
B."Avoid snacking between meals."
C."Limits foods that are high in fiber."
D."Avoid eating 2 to 3 hours before bedtime." - answer>>D
A nurse is caring for a client who has peptic ulcer disease. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the
following findings as an indication of gastrointestinal perforation?
Unit 5 EXAM LATEST 2026-2027 QUESTIONS AND 100%
Verified ANSWERS
A nurse is teaching a client who has iron deficiency anemia about ferrous sulfate. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Take the ferrous sulfate at bedtime.
B. Take the ferrous sulfate with an antacid.
C. Take the ferrous sulfate between meals.
D. Take the ferrous sulfate with yogurt. - answer>>C
The client should take the medication between meals for optimal absorption. The client should take the
medication at least 1 hr before bedtime to reduce the risk of stomach irritation. Antacids interfere with the
absorption of ferrous sulfate. Dairy products interfere with the absorption of carbonyl iron; therefore, the client
should not take the medication with yogurt.
A school nurse is speaking with a teenage girl. The girl asks the school nurse why she is getting frequent urinary
tract infections. The nurse concludes that the nursing diagnosis for this patient is knowledge deficit based on the
patient's incorrect response to which of the following questions?
A. "How often do you shower?"
B. "Do you have a family history of urinary problems?"
C. "When was your last UTI?"
D. "In what direction do you wipe after a bowel movement?" - answer>>D
People should wipe front to back after a bowel movement. If the patient answered incorrectly (she wipes back to
front) then she has a knowledge deficit related to why she has frequent UTIs. A family history of UTIs, the date of
her last UTI, and how frequently she showers are not the most relevant to her issue of frequent UTIs.
A nurse is assessing a client's colostomy during a pouching change and finds that the stoma is reddish pink and
moist with slight bleeding when the mucosa is rubbed. What should the nurse do?
A. Leave the pouch off because due to redness of the stoma.
B. Reapply the pouch, and then call the healthcare provider about the bleeding at the stoma site.
C. Immediately call the healthcare provider to report bleeding at the stoma site.
,D. Complete the pouching change because this is a normal assessment of the stoma. - answer>>D
The stoma site should be reddish pink and moist. Mucosa is highly vascular and may bleed slightly when rubbed.
These are normal findings and there is no need to call the provider or leave the pouch off.
A client with a chronic urinary tract infection (UTI) is scheduled for a number of laboratory tests. The nurse would
note that which test result best evaluates whether the kidneys are being adversely affected?
A. Serum potassium 3.8 mEq/L
B. Urinalysis specific gravity 1.015
C. Serum creatinine 2.0 mg/dL
D. Urine culture negative - answer>>C
Serum creatinine should be between 0.5 and 1.2 mg/dL. An elevated level indicates an issue with the kidneys. The
remaining lab values are all within normal ranges.
A nurse is reviewing the care plan for a client after a urinary diversion with an ileal conduit that includes all of the
nursing diagnoses listed below. Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse place as the lowest priority?
A. Altered skin integrity
B. Disturbed body image
C. Deficient fluid volume
D. Acute pain - answer>>B
Disturbed body image is a wellness nursing diagnosis and would not be the priority. The remaining nursing
diagnoses require immediate intervention while in the hospital.
A patient has vague symptoms that indicate an acute inflammatory bowel disorder. Which signs & symptoms are
most indicative of Crohn's disease (CD)?
A. Lower abdominal colicky pain relieved with defecation
B. Chronic diarrhea, constant abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant, and low-grade fever.
C. Multiple episodes of bloody diarrhea
D. Constipation, weight loss, fatigue, and constant need to have a bowel movement that is not relieved by having
a bowel movement. - answer>>B
Chronic diarrhea, constant abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant, and low-grade fever are common
symptoms of Crohn's Disease. Colicky abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea are characteristic of Ulcerative Colitis.
,Constipation, weight loss, fatigue, and constant need to have a bowel movement that is not relieved by having a
bowel movement is characteristic of colorectal cancer which is a complication of ulcerative colitis lasting longer
than 10 years.
The nurse is educating a client who is scheduled for a permanent ileostomy. What should the nurse include
regarding bowel function and care?
A. A collection device over the stoma will always be required.
B. Stool will gradually become semi-solid and formed
C. Bowel control will progressively return.
D. Oral fluid intake should be limited - answer>>A
A collection device is required because an ileostomy drains frequently with loose stool. Over time, the stool may
become thicker (pastelike) but will not be semi-solid or formed because it does not pass through the colon and
absorb water. The patient will not regain bowel control because the colon and rectum have been removed. Oral
fluid intake should be increased to prevent dehydration due to the frequency of output from the ileostomy.
A patient has been newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC). What does the nurse teach the patient about diet
and lifestyle choices?
A. "Drinking carbonated beverages will help with your abdominal distress."
B. "It's OK to smoke cigarettes, but you should limit them to ½ pack per day."
C. "Lactose-containing foods should be reduced or eliminated from your diet."
D. "Raw vegetables and high-fiber foods may help to diminish your symptoms." - answer>>C
Lactose-containing foods should be reduced or eliminated because they are poorly tolerated. Smoking and
carbonated beverages are GI stimulants that can cause abdominal discomfort. Raw vegetables and high-fiber
foods can also cause GI symptoms and should be eaten sparingly or avoided.
Which is a correct statement differentiating Crohn's disease (CD) from ulcerative colitis (UC)?
A. Patients with Crohn's Disease experience about 20 loose, bloody stools daily.
B. Nutritional issues are common with Ulcerative Colitis.
C. Patients with Ulcerative Colitis may experience hemorrhage.
D. Very few complications are associated with Crohn's Disease. - answer>>C
Patients with ulcerative colitis may experience hemorrhage due to erosion of the bowel wall. In Crohn's Disease, it
may be 5-6 stools per day. 10-20 stools is characteristic of Ulcerative Colitis. Nutritional deficiencies are common
, in both disorders. Crohn's Disease is often associated with a lot of complications - such as fistulas and frequent
surgeries.
The nurse is preparing to discharge a patient with urinary diversion. The nurse anticipates the patient will require
some teaching prior to going home. Which of the following points will the nurse incorporate into the plan?
A. The need to change the appliance every day.
B. The importance of increasing fluid intake.
C. Instructing the patient to notify the physician if the stoma is deep pink and moist.
D. Instructing the patient that strands of blood may appear in the urine. - answer>>B
Increasing fluid intake helps to flush out any mucus that may be present. The appliance only needs to be changed
every 5-7 days. A deep pink and moist stoma is normal. Blood in the urine is not a normal finding and would
require PCP follow-up.
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The
client asks about foods he should avoid eating. Which of the following foods should the nurse tell him to avoid?
A.Nonfat milk
B.Chocolate
C.Apples
D.Oatmeal - answer>>B
A nurse is teaching a client about strategies to manage gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which of the
following statements should the nurse include?
A."Sleep upright in a chair to prevent nighttime reflux."
B."Avoid snacking between meals."
C."Limits foods that are high in fiber."
D."Avoid eating 2 to 3 hours before bedtime." - answer>>D
A nurse is caring for a client who has peptic ulcer disease. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the
following findings as an indication of gastrointestinal perforation?
