NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology
2026 NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology
Midterm Exam Expert solved Questions and
Answers with Rationales
1. A patient taking warfarin is prescribed trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole. What is the priority concern?
A. Reduced antibiotic effectiveness
B. Increased risk of bleeding
C. Hypertension
D. Hyperkalemia
Answer: B
Rationale: TMP-SMX inhibits warfarin metabolism (CYP2C9), increasing INR and bleeding
risk.
2. Which insulin has the longest duration of action?
A. Lispro
B. NPH
C. Glargine
D. Regular insulin
Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin glargine provides steady 24-hour basal coverage.
3. A patient on ACE inhibitors develops a dry cough. What
is the best alternative?
A. Lisinopril
B. Losartan
C. Enalapril
D. Ramipril
Answer: B
Rationale: ARBs (like losartan) do not increase bradykinin.
, NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology
4. Which drug requires monitoring for ototoxicity?
A. Furosemide
B. Metformin
C. Lisinopril
D. Atorvastatin
Answer: A
Rationale: Loop diuretics can cause ototoxicity, especially IV.
5. What is the antidote for heparin overdose?
A. Vitamin K
B. Protamine sulfate
C. Naloxone
D. Atropine
Answer: B
6. Which class of drugs is contraindicated in pregnancy due
to teratogenicity?
A. Beta blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Calcium channel blockers
D. Diuretics
Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors cause fetal renal damage.
7. What is the primary action of metformin?
A. Increases insulin secretion
B. Decreases hepatic glucose production
C. Increases glucagon
D. Blocks glucose absorption in kidneys
2026 NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology
Midterm Exam Expert solved Questions and
Answers with Rationales
1. A patient taking warfarin is prescribed trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole. What is the priority concern?
A. Reduced antibiotic effectiveness
B. Increased risk of bleeding
C. Hypertension
D. Hyperkalemia
Answer: B
Rationale: TMP-SMX inhibits warfarin metabolism (CYP2C9), increasing INR and bleeding
risk.
2. Which insulin has the longest duration of action?
A. Lispro
B. NPH
C. Glargine
D. Regular insulin
Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin glargine provides steady 24-hour basal coverage.
3. A patient on ACE inhibitors develops a dry cough. What
is the best alternative?
A. Lisinopril
B. Losartan
C. Enalapril
D. Ramipril
Answer: B
Rationale: ARBs (like losartan) do not increase bradykinin.
, NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology
4. Which drug requires monitoring for ototoxicity?
A. Furosemide
B. Metformin
C. Lisinopril
D. Atorvastatin
Answer: A
Rationale: Loop diuretics can cause ototoxicity, especially IV.
5. What is the antidote for heparin overdose?
A. Vitamin K
B. Protamine sulfate
C. Naloxone
D. Atropine
Answer: B
6. Which class of drugs is contraindicated in pregnancy due
to teratogenicity?
A. Beta blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Calcium channel blockers
D. Diuretics
Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors cause fetal renal damage.
7. What is the primary action of metformin?
A. Increases insulin secretion
B. Decreases hepatic glucose production
C. Increases glucagon
D. Blocks glucose absorption in kidneys
