CPO TEST PAPER 2026 CERTIFICATION
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ Pupil.
Answer: Round hole in the center of the iris through which light passes.
Appears black due to very little light behind it.
⩥ Retina.
Answer: The seeing part of the eye. Lines the sclera and is the place
where light coming into the eye is focused
⩥ Rods.
Answer: Photoreceptors in the retina that provide black/white vision.
Most numerous 120 million and most sensitive
⩥ Cones.
Answer: Photoreceptors in the retina that are responsible for color vision
(red, green, blue) and color central vision. 6-7 million
⩥ Sclera.
Answer: White part of the eye made up of a tough fibrous tissue that
gives shape and structure to the eyeball
,⩥ Sinuses.
Answer: Air spaces within the bones. Poor drainage could cause
headaches or pain around the eye. Infection or cancerous enlargement
could cause pain as well.
⩥ Suspensory ligaments.
Answer: Long, thin fibers which connect the crystalline lens to the ring
of ciliary muscle
⩥ Vitreous humour.
Answer: Thick, clear, jelly-like substance that fills the eye between the
lens and the retina. This serves to support the retina and helps keep the
eye round.
⩥ Lacrimal duct.
Answer: Drainage system for tears. As tears are produced they drain
through here to reach the surface of the eye.
⩥ Lacrimal gland.
Answer: Supplies most of the tears to the eye. Located superior temporal
to eye, behind orbital rim.
⩥ Nasolacrimal duct.
, Answer: Drainage system for tears to leave the eye. Connected to nasal
passage. Reason for nose running when crying.
⩥ 7 orbital bones.
Answer: Maxilla, lacrimal, frontal, palatine, zygomatic, sphenoid,
ethinoid
⩥ Aphakia.
Answer: Condition of the absence of a lens in the eye corrected with an
intraocular lens.
⩥ Amblyopia.
Answer: Loss of vision in one or both eyes. Those caused by refractive
errors or strabismus respond well to treatment in kids under 6-7
⩥ Blepharitis.
Answer: Common chronic inflammation of the lid margin. Redness on
eyelid and thickening of lid margin. Causes sandy itchy feeling in eye.
⩥ Cataract.
Answer: Cloudy or opaque area in the normally transparent lens of the
eye
⩥ Chalazion.
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ Pupil.
Answer: Round hole in the center of the iris through which light passes.
Appears black due to very little light behind it.
⩥ Retina.
Answer: The seeing part of the eye. Lines the sclera and is the place
where light coming into the eye is focused
⩥ Rods.
Answer: Photoreceptors in the retina that provide black/white vision.
Most numerous 120 million and most sensitive
⩥ Cones.
Answer: Photoreceptors in the retina that are responsible for color vision
(red, green, blue) and color central vision. 6-7 million
⩥ Sclera.
Answer: White part of the eye made up of a tough fibrous tissue that
gives shape and structure to the eyeball
,⩥ Sinuses.
Answer: Air spaces within the bones. Poor drainage could cause
headaches or pain around the eye. Infection or cancerous enlargement
could cause pain as well.
⩥ Suspensory ligaments.
Answer: Long, thin fibers which connect the crystalline lens to the ring
of ciliary muscle
⩥ Vitreous humour.
Answer: Thick, clear, jelly-like substance that fills the eye between the
lens and the retina. This serves to support the retina and helps keep the
eye round.
⩥ Lacrimal duct.
Answer: Drainage system for tears. As tears are produced they drain
through here to reach the surface of the eye.
⩥ Lacrimal gland.
Answer: Supplies most of the tears to the eye. Located superior temporal
to eye, behind orbital rim.
⩥ Nasolacrimal duct.
, Answer: Drainage system for tears to leave the eye. Connected to nasal
passage. Reason for nose running when crying.
⩥ 7 orbital bones.
Answer: Maxilla, lacrimal, frontal, palatine, zygomatic, sphenoid,
ethinoid
⩥ Aphakia.
Answer: Condition of the absence of a lens in the eye corrected with an
intraocular lens.
⩥ Amblyopia.
Answer: Loss of vision in one or both eyes. Those caused by refractive
errors or strabismus respond well to treatment in kids under 6-7
⩥ Blepharitis.
Answer: Common chronic inflammation of the lid margin. Redness on
eyelid and thickening of lid margin. Causes sandy itchy feeling in eye.
⩥ Cataract.
Answer: Cloudy or opaque area in the normally transparent lens of the
eye
⩥ Chalazion.
