Genetic diversity - ANSWER measures variety of different versions of same genes within a
species
Species diversity - ANSWER measures number of different kinds of organisms within a
community
Ecological diversity - ANSWER measures richness and complexity of a community
Fragmentation/cloning - ANSWER aspens, less genetic diversity
Species richness - ANSWER total number of species in a community
Species evenness - ANSWER relative abundance of individuals within each species
Reproductive isolation - ANSWER organisms that breed in nature and produce fertile off-
spring
Phylogenetic species concept - ANSWER emphasizes the branches on a taxonomic tree
(cladistic relationships)
Evolutionary species concept - ANSWER defines species in terms of evolution and historic
terms
DNA sequencing and other molecular techniques - ANSWER give insight into taxonomic
and evolutionary relationships
1
, Biodiversity hotspots - ANSWER tropical rainforests and coral reefs
Benefits of biodiversity in food - ANSWER wild plants could provide new sources of food
or more genetic diversity for existing crops
Benefits for drugs and medicine - ANSWER more than half of all modern medicines con-
tain some natural product from a wild species
Pharmaceutical companies - ANSWER actively prospect tropical countries for products
Biopiracy - ANSWER Resources often extracted without compensation
Sharing profits - ANSWER provides an incentive to preserve native species
Ecological benefits - ANSWER Soil formation, waste disposal, air and water purification,
nutrient cycling, solar energy absorption, and biogeochemical and hydrological cycles all de-
pend on biodiversity. We do not fully understand biological communities. Loss of a seem-
ingly insignificant species can be damaging
What did E.O. Wilson summarize - ANSWER The human threat to wildlife with HIPPCO
HIPPCO - ANSWER Habitat destruction, Invasive Species, Population growth, Pollution,
Climate Change, Over harvesting
Habitat destruction - ANSWER biggest reason for current increase in extinction is habitat
loss. Conversion of forest to farmland, cities. Habitat is fragmented into small, scattered
plots. Loss of habitat due to mining, dams, destructive fishing practices
2
species
Species diversity - ANSWER measures number of different kinds of organisms within a
community
Ecological diversity - ANSWER measures richness and complexity of a community
Fragmentation/cloning - ANSWER aspens, less genetic diversity
Species richness - ANSWER total number of species in a community
Species evenness - ANSWER relative abundance of individuals within each species
Reproductive isolation - ANSWER organisms that breed in nature and produce fertile off-
spring
Phylogenetic species concept - ANSWER emphasizes the branches on a taxonomic tree
(cladistic relationships)
Evolutionary species concept - ANSWER defines species in terms of evolution and historic
terms
DNA sequencing and other molecular techniques - ANSWER give insight into taxonomic
and evolutionary relationships
1
, Biodiversity hotspots - ANSWER tropical rainforests and coral reefs
Benefits of biodiversity in food - ANSWER wild plants could provide new sources of food
or more genetic diversity for existing crops
Benefits for drugs and medicine - ANSWER more than half of all modern medicines con-
tain some natural product from a wild species
Pharmaceutical companies - ANSWER actively prospect tropical countries for products
Biopiracy - ANSWER Resources often extracted without compensation
Sharing profits - ANSWER provides an incentive to preserve native species
Ecological benefits - ANSWER Soil formation, waste disposal, air and water purification,
nutrient cycling, solar energy absorption, and biogeochemical and hydrological cycles all de-
pend on biodiversity. We do not fully understand biological communities. Loss of a seem-
ingly insignificant species can be damaging
What did E.O. Wilson summarize - ANSWER The human threat to wildlife with HIPPCO
HIPPCO - ANSWER Habitat destruction, Invasive Species, Population growth, Pollution,
Climate Change, Over harvesting
Habitat destruction - ANSWER biggest reason for current increase in extinction is habitat
loss. Conversion of forest to farmland, cities. Habitat is fragmented into small, scattered
plots. Loss of habitat due to mining, dams, destructive fishing practices
2
