NURS 5434 FAMILY III FINAL AND
PRACTICE EXAM (UTA) NEWEST 2025/
2026 TEST BANK| COMPLETE 350 REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED
A+| NURS 5434 FNP III FINAL EXAM
PREP (BRAND NEW!!)
HEART FAILURE
Q1. A 68-year-old patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
(HFrEF, EF 30%) is taking lisinopril, carvedilol, and spironolactone. BP
105/65, HR 62. She denies dizziness but reports ongoing dyspnea on
exertion. According to updated ACC/AHA guidelines, what is the most
appropriate next pharmacologic addition?
A) Add amlodipine
B) Add digoxin
C) Add an SGLT2 inhibitor (dapagliflozin or empagliflozin)
D) Add hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate only if African American
,,,,,answer,,,: C
Rationale: The four pillars of HFrEF guideline-directed medical therapy
(GDMT) are: ACEi/ARNi, beta-blocker, aldosterone antagonist, and SGLT2
,inhibitor. SGLT2 inhibitors reduce HF hospitalizations and CV mortality
regardless of diabetes status .
Q2. A 72-year-old man has 3 months of progressive dyspnea on exertion,
orthopnea, and leg edema. Echocardiogram shows LVEF 60%, left atrial
enlargement, and concentric LV hypertrophy. What is the primary
pathophysiologic defect, and which medication class should be avoided?
A) Systolic dysfunction; avoid beta-blockers
B) Diastolic dysfunction (HFpEF); avoid non-dihydropyridine CCBs
(diltiazem, verapamil)
C) Right heart failure; avoid ACE inhibitors
D) Restrictive cardiomyopathy; avoid loop diuretics
,,,,,answer,,,: B
Rationale: HFpEF is caused by stiff, noncompliant ventricles. Non-
dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers have negative inotropic effects
and can worsen diastolic dysfunction .
Q3. A 62-year-old with HFrEF (EF 35%) on lisinopril, carvedilol, and
furosemide has labs: K⁺ 5.1 mEq/L, Cr 1.2 mg/dL. Which medication
reduces mortality and should be added?
A) Digoxin
B) Spironolactone
C) Hydralazine
D) Diltiazem
,,,,,,answer,,,: B
Rationale: Spironolactone (aldosterone antagonist) reduces mortality in
HFrEF. K⁺ 5.1 is acceptable; monitor for hyperkalemia .
Q4. A 72-year-old with HFpEF has worsening dyspnea and 2+ pitting
edema. Mainstay of symptom management is:
A) Loop diuretics (furosemide)
B) Digoxin
C) Spironolactone only
D) Hydralazine
,,,,,answer,,,: A
Rationale: Diuretics (loop diuretics such as furosemide, bumetanide,
torsemide) are the cornerstone for managing volume overload in HFpEF,
though they do not reduce mortality .
Q5. Which medication class is considered safe for treating heart failure
during the later parts of pregnancy?
A) Diuretics
B) ARBs
C) Beta-blockers
D) Nitrates
,,,,,answer,,,: C
, Rationale: Beta-blockers (e.g., labetalol, metoprolol) are generally
considered safe in later pregnancy for conditions like heart failure or
hypertension. ACE inhibitors and ARBs are contraindicated .
Q6. Why are Methyldopa and Labetalol traditional agents of choice for
hypertension in pregnant women?
A) They have limited effects on uteroplacental and fetal hemodynamics
B) They are the only medications that cross the placenta
C) They cause significant diuresis
D) They are over-the-counter supplements
,,,,,answer,,,: A
Rationale: These drugs are preferred because they effectively lower BP
without adversely affecting the fetus or neonate .
HYPERTENSION
Q7. A patient has a blood pressure of 148/92 mm Hg on three separate
occasions. She has no other medical issues. What is the first-line
medication for this patient according to ACC/AHA guidelines?
A) Hydrochlorothiazide
B) Lisinopril
C) Amlodipine
D) Any of the above (ACEi, ARB, CCB, or thiazide)
PRACTICE EXAM (UTA) NEWEST 2025/
2026 TEST BANK| COMPLETE 350 REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED
A+| NURS 5434 FNP III FINAL EXAM
PREP (BRAND NEW!!)
HEART FAILURE
Q1. A 68-year-old patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
(HFrEF, EF 30%) is taking lisinopril, carvedilol, and spironolactone. BP
105/65, HR 62. She denies dizziness but reports ongoing dyspnea on
exertion. According to updated ACC/AHA guidelines, what is the most
appropriate next pharmacologic addition?
A) Add amlodipine
B) Add digoxin
C) Add an SGLT2 inhibitor (dapagliflozin or empagliflozin)
D) Add hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate only if African American
,,,,,answer,,,: C
Rationale: The four pillars of HFrEF guideline-directed medical therapy
(GDMT) are: ACEi/ARNi, beta-blocker, aldosterone antagonist, and SGLT2
,inhibitor. SGLT2 inhibitors reduce HF hospitalizations and CV mortality
regardless of diabetes status .
Q2. A 72-year-old man has 3 months of progressive dyspnea on exertion,
orthopnea, and leg edema. Echocardiogram shows LVEF 60%, left atrial
enlargement, and concentric LV hypertrophy. What is the primary
pathophysiologic defect, and which medication class should be avoided?
A) Systolic dysfunction; avoid beta-blockers
B) Diastolic dysfunction (HFpEF); avoid non-dihydropyridine CCBs
(diltiazem, verapamil)
C) Right heart failure; avoid ACE inhibitors
D) Restrictive cardiomyopathy; avoid loop diuretics
,,,,,answer,,,: B
Rationale: HFpEF is caused by stiff, noncompliant ventricles. Non-
dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers have negative inotropic effects
and can worsen diastolic dysfunction .
Q3. A 62-year-old with HFrEF (EF 35%) on lisinopril, carvedilol, and
furosemide has labs: K⁺ 5.1 mEq/L, Cr 1.2 mg/dL. Which medication
reduces mortality and should be added?
A) Digoxin
B) Spironolactone
C) Hydralazine
D) Diltiazem
,,,,,,answer,,,: B
Rationale: Spironolactone (aldosterone antagonist) reduces mortality in
HFrEF. K⁺ 5.1 is acceptable; monitor for hyperkalemia .
Q4. A 72-year-old with HFpEF has worsening dyspnea and 2+ pitting
edema. Mainstay of symptom management is:
A) Loop diuretics (furosemide)
B) Digoxin
C) Spironolactone only
D) Hydralazine
,,,,,answer,,,: A
Rationale: Diuretics (loop diuretics such as furosemide, bumetanide,
torsemide) are the cornerstone for managing volume overload in HFpEF,
though they do not reduce mortality .
Q5. Which medication class is considered safe for treating heart failure
during the later parts of pregnancy?
A) Diuretics
B) ARBs
C) Beta-blockers
D) Nitrates
,,,,,answer,,,: C
, Rationale: Beta-blockers (e.g., labetalol, metoprolol) are generally
considered safe in later pregnancy for conditions like heart failure or
hypertension. ACE inhibitors and ARBs are contraindicated .
Q6. Why are Methyldopa and Labetalol traditional agents of choice for
hypertension in pregnant women?
A) They have limited effects on uteroplacental and fetal hemodynamics
B) They are the only medications that cross the placenta
C) They cause significant diuresis
D) They are over-the-counter supplements
,,,,,answer,,,: A
Rationale: These drugs are preferred because they effectively lower BP
without adversely affecting the fetus or neonate .
HYPERTENSION
Q7. A patient has a blood pressure of 148/92 mm Hg on three separate
occasions. She has no other medical issues. What is the first-line
medication for this patient according to ACC/AHA guidelines?
A) Hydrochlorothiazide
B) Lisinopril
C) Amlodipine
D) Any of the above (ACEi, ARB, CCB, or thiazide)
