HESI BIOLOGY
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1. Hierarchic System Most inclusive to least inclusive
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Over
Family
Genus
Species
King Peter came over for Gina's soup
2. Water atom two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxy-
gen atom
3. Cohesion the ability of a molecule to stay bonded or attracted
to another molecule of the same substance
4. Adhesion the ability of water to bond to or attract other mol-
ecules or substances
5. Biological Molecules Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
6. Carbohydrates Long chains or polymers of sugars. Most important
function is storage, structure and energy.
, HESI BIOLOGY
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Broken down to glucose to provide energy.
Main source of energy
7. Lipids Known as fatty acids,phospholipids and steroids.
Fats and oil
8. Saturated Fats contain no double bonds in their hydrocarbon tail
and are solids
Fats that are solid at room temperature, such as
the fat in meats, poultry skin, and foods made from
whole milk. They increase blood cholesterol levels
and the risk of heart disease.
9. Unsaturated Fats Have one or more double bonds and are liquid at
room temperature
10. Phospholipid consist of two fatty acids of varying length bonded
to a phosphate group
A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bi-
layer of biological membranes, having a polar, hy-
drophilic head and a nonpolar, hydrophobic tail.
11. Hydrocarbon tail of fat- non polar
ty acids
, HESI BIOLOGY
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12. Specific Heat the amount of heat necessary to raise the temper-
ature of 1 gram of that molecule by 1 celsius
13. Lattice when freezes it forms this, it actually causes the
molecules to spread apart resulting in floating
14. Polarity of water it acts as a versatile solvent. The polar nature of
water favors ionization of substances in solution
15. Steroids Precursors to significant hormones and are a com-
ponent of membranes
16. Proteins most significant contributor to cellular function.
17. Polymers Molecules that are chains of repeating units; pro-
teins and DNA are examples.
18. Amino acids Building blocks of protein
19. Largest Biological Mol- Proteins
ecule
20. Enzymes particular types of proteins that act to catalyze
different reactions or processes
Biological catalyst
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions
Functional proteins; their names usually end in -
ase
Act as catalysts for special chemical reactions
within the human bod
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_essfpj
1. Hierarchic System Most inclusive to least inclusive
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Over
Family
Genus
Species
King Peter came over for Gina's soup
2. Water atom two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxy-
gen atom
3. Cohesion the ability of a molecule to stay bonded or attracted
to another molecule of the same substance
4. Adhesion the ability of water to bond to or attract other mol-
ecules or substances
5. Biological Molecules Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
6. Carbohydrates Long chains or polymers of sugars. Most important
function is storage, structure and energy.
, HESI BIOLOGY
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_essfpj
Broken down to glucose to provide energy.
Main source of energy
7. Lipids Known as fatty acids,phospholipids and steroids.
Fats and oil
8. Saturated Fats contain no double bonds in their hydrocarbon tail
and are solids
Fats that are solid at room temperature, such as
the fat in meats, poultry skin, and foods made from
whole milk. They increase blood cholesterol levels
and the risk of heart disease.
9. Unsaturated Fats Have one or more double bonds and are liquid at
room temperature
10. Phospholipid consist of two fatty acids of varying length bonded
to a phosphate group
A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bi-
layer of biological membranes, having a polar, hy-
drophilic head and a nonpolar, hydrophobic tail.
11. Hydrocarbon tail of fat- non polar
ty acids
, HESI BIOLOGY
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_essfpj
12. Specific Heat the amount of heat necessary to raise the temper-
ature of 1 gram of that molecule by 1 celsius
13. Lattice when freezes it forms this, it actually causes the
molecules to spread apart resulting in floating
14. Polarity of water it acts as a versatile solvent. The polar nature of
water favors ionization of substances in solution
15. Steroids Precursors to significant hormones and are a com-
ponent of membranes
16. Proteins most significant contributor to cellular function.
17. Polymers Molecules that are chains of repeating units; pro-
teins and DNA are examples.
18. Amino acids Building blocks of protein
19. Largest Biological Mol- Proteins
ecule
20. Enzymes particular types of proteins that act to catalyze
different reactions or processes
Biological catalyst
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions
Functional proteins; their names usually end in -
ase
Act as catalysts for special chemical reactions
within the human bod
