Campbell's Biology, 12e
Chapter 1: Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry
This introductory chapter explores the basic themes and concepts of biology, with emphasis on the core
theme of evolution. It also introduces students to the thinking of scientists. Questions are therefore
general; however, an effort has been made to include some from each skill level. As in the rest of this
test bank, questions that feature art or those for which several questions follow upon some data or a
scenario are placed together at the end of the chapter.
Multiple-Choice Questions
1) A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a
A) biosystem.
B) community.
C) population.
D) ecosystem.
E) family.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) Organisms interact with their environments, exchanging matter and energy. For example, plant
chloroplasts convert the energy of sunlight into
A) the energy of motion.
B) carbon dioxide and water.
C) the potential energy of chemical bonds.
D) oxygen.
E) kinetic energy.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
3) The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is
A) light energy.
B) kinetic energy.
C) thermal energy.
D) chemical energy.
E) ATP.
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
1
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
,4) Which of the following types of cells utilize deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as their genetic material
but do not have their DNA encased within a nuclear envelope?
A) animal
B) plant
C) archaea
D) fungi
E) protists
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
5) To understand the chemical basis of inheritance, we must understand the molecular structure of DNA.
This is an example of the application of which concept to the study of biology?
A) evolution
B) emergent properties
C) reductionism
D) the cell theory
E) feedback regulation
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
6) Once labor begins in childbirth, contractions increase in intensity and frequency until delivery. The
increasing labor contractions of childbirth are an example of which type of regulation?
A) a bioinformatic system
B) positive feedback
C) negative feedback
D) feedback inhibition
E) enzymatic catalysis
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
7) When the body's blood glucose level rises, the pancreas secretes insulin and, as a result, the blood
glucose level declines. When the blood glucose level is low, the pancreas secretes glucagon and, as a
result, the blood glucose level rises. Such regulation of the blood glucose level is the result of
A) catalytic feedback.
B) positive feedback.
C) negative feedback.
D) bioinformatic regulation.
E) protein-protein interactions.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
2
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
,8) Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?
A) informatics
B) schematic biology
C) taxonomy
D) genomics
E) evolution
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
9) Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells generally have which of the following features in common?
A) a membrane-bounded nucleus
B) a cell wall made of cellulose
C) ribosomes
D) flagella or cilia that contain microtubules
E) linear chromosomes made of DNA and protein
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
10) Prokaryotes are classified as belonging to two different domains. What are the domains?
A) Bacteria and Eukarya
B) Archaea and Monera
C) Eukarya and Monera
D) Bacteria and Protista
E) Bacteria and Archaea
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
11) Global warming, as demonstrated by observations such as melting of glaciers, increasing CO2
levels, and increasing average ambient temperatures, has already had many effects on living organisms.
Which of the following might best offer a solution to this problem?
A) Continue to measure these and other parameters of the problem.
B) Increase the abilities of animals to migrate to more suitable habitats.
C) Do nothing; nature will attain its own balance.
D) Limit the burning of fossil fuels and regulate our loss of forested areas.
E) Recycle as much as possible.
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation
3
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
, 12) A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single-celled organism that had a cell wall but
lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?
A) Eukarya
B) Archaea
C) Animalia
D) Protista
E) Fungi
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
Skill: Application/Analysis
13) A filamentous organism has been isolated from decomposing organic matter. This organism has a
cell wall but no chloroplasts. How would you classify this organism?
A) domain Bacteria, kingdom Prokaryota
B) domain Archaea, kingdom Bacteria
C) domain Eukarya, kingdom Plantae
D) domain Eukarya, kingdom Protista
E) domain Eukarya, kingdom Fungi
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.2
Skill: Application/Analysis
14) Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life?
A) ubiquitous use of catalysts by living systems
B) near universality of the genetic code
C) structure of the nucleus
D) structure of cilia
E) structure of chloroplasts
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
Skill: Application/Analysis
15) Which of the following is (are) true of natural selection?
A) It requires genetic variation.
B) It results in descent with modification.
C) It involves differential reproductive success.
D) It results in descent with modification and involves differential reproductive success.
E) It requires genetic variation, results in descent with modification, and involves differential
reproductive success.
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
4
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 1: Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry
This introductory chapter explores the basic themes and concepts of biology, with emphasis on the core
theme of evolution. It also introduces students to the thinking of scientists. Questions are therefore
general; however, an effort has been made to include some from each skill level. As in the rest of this
test bank, questions that feature art or those for which several questions follow upon some data or a
scenario are placed together at the end of the chapter.
Multiple-Choice Questions
1) A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a
A) biosystem.
B) community.
C) population.
D) ecosystem.
E) family.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) Organisms interact with their environments, exchanging matter and energy. For example, plant
chloroplasts convert the energy of sunlight into
A) the energy of motion.
B) carbon dioxide and water.
C) the potential energy of chemical bonds.
D) oxygen.
E) kinetic energy.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
3) The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is
A) light energy.
B) kinetic energy.
C) thermal energy.
D) chemical energy.
E) ATP.
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
1
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
,4) Which of the following types of cells utilize deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as their genetic material
but do not have their DNA encased within a nuclear envelope?
A) animal
B) plant
C) archaea
D) fungi
E) protists
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
5) To understand the chemical basis of inheritance, we must understand the molecular structure of DNA.
This is an example of the application of which concept to the study of biology?
A) evolution
B) emergent properties
C) reductionism
D) the cell theory
E) feedback regulation
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
6) Once labor begins in childbirth, contractions increase in intensity and frequency until delivery. The
increasing labor contractions of childbirth are an example of which type of regulation?
A) a bioinformatic system
B) positive feedback
C) negative feedback
D) feedback inhibition
E) enzymatic catalysis
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
7) When the body's blood glucose level rises, the pancreas secretes insulin and, as a result, the blood
glucose level declines. When the blood glucose level is low, the pancreas secretes glucagon and, as a
result, the blood glucose level rises. Such regulation of the blood glucose level is the result of
A) catalytic feedback.
B) positive feedback.
C) negative feedback.
D) bioinformatic regulation.
E) protein-protein interactions.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
2
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
,8) Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?
A) informatics
B) schematic biology
C) taxonomy
D) genomics
E) evolution
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
9) Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells generally have which of the following features in common?
A) a membrane-bounded nucleus
B) a cell wall made of cellulose
C) ribosomes
D) flagella or cilia that contain microtubules
E) linear chromosomes made of DNA and protein
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
10) Prokaryotes are classified as belonging to two different domains. What are the domains?
A) Bacteria and Eukarya
B) Archaea and Monera
C) Eukarya and Monera
D) Bacteria and Protista
E) Bacteria and Archaea
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
11) Global warming, as demonstrated by observations such as melting of glaciers, increasing CO2
levels, and increasing average ambient temperatures, has already had many effects on living organisms.
Which of the following might best offer a solution to this problem?
A) Continue to measure these and other parameters of the problem.
B) Increase the abilities of animals to migrate to more suitable habitats.
C) Do nothing; nature will attain its own balance.
D) Limit the burning of fossil fuels and regulate our loss of forested areas.
E) Recycle as much as possible.
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation
3
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
, 12) A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single-celled organism that had a cell wall but
lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?
A) Eukarya
B) Archaea
C) Animalia
D) Protista
E) Fungi
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
Skill: Application/Analysis
13) A filamentous organism has been isolated from decomposing organic matter. This organism has a
cell wall but no chloroplasts. How would you classify this organism?
A) domain Bacteria, kingdom Prokaryota
B) domain Archaea, kingdom Bacteria
C) domain Eukarya, kingdom Plantae
D) domain Eukarya, kingdom Protista
E) domain Eukarya, kingdom Fungi
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.2
Skill: Application/Analysis
14) Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life?
A) ubiquitous use of catalysts by living systems
B) near universality of the genetic code
C) structure of the nucleus
D) structure of cilia
E) structure of chloroplasts
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
Skill: Application/Analysis
15) Which of the following is (are) true of natural selection?
A) It requires genetic variation.
B) It results in descent with modification.
C) It involves differential reproductive success.
D) It results in descent with modification and involves differential reproductive success.
E) It requires genetic variation, results in descent with modification, and involves differential
reproductive success.
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
4
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
