Biology Paper 2- B10
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_chs6mx
1. Define homeostasis The regulation of the internal condi-
tions of a cell or organism to main-
tain optimum conditions for function
in response to internal and external
changes.
2. Give three things that are controlled Blood glucose concentration, body
by homeostasis. temperature and water levels.
3. What are receptors? Cells that detect stimuli.
4. What are coordination centres? Areas that receive and process infor-
mation from receptors (e.g. the brain,
spinal cord and pancreas).
5. What are effectors? Muscles or glands that bring about re-
sponses to the stimulus that has been
received and restore optimum levels.
6. How does the nervous system Sensory receptors detect stimulus. In-
work? formation is sent along sensory neu-
rones as an electrical impulse un-
til it reaches the CNS. The CNS co-
ordinates a response, which travels
across the motor neurones to the
effectors. The effectors form a re-
sponse.
7. What does the nervous system do? Enables humans to react to their sur-
roundings and coordinate their be-
haviour.
8. Summarise the nervous system as a Stimulus —> receptor —> coordina-
chain. tor —> effector —> response
9. Why are reflex actions important? Reflex actions are automatic and
rapid so there is less risk of harm to
the body.
10.
, Biology Paper 2- B10
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_chs6mx
Plan an investigation into the effect - Person 1 sits on a stool with a good,
of a factor on human reaction time. upright posture
- Person 1 places the forearm of their
dominant arm across the table, with
their hand leaning off the edge
- Person 2 holds the ruler vertically
with the 0cm mark between Person
1's thumb and first finger
- Person 2 drops the ruler at a random
time
- Person 1 has to catch the ruler as
quickly as possible
- Person 2 records the measurement
on the ruler that is level with the top of
Person 1's thumb
- Person 1 has a short rest before re-
peating the experiment several times
and calculating a mean
- Use a conversion time to work out
the reaction time
11. Describe the function of the cerebral The cerebral cortex is concerned with
cortex. memory, consciousness, intelligence
and language.
12. Describe the function on the cere- The cerebellum is concerned with
bellum. balance and coordinating muscular
activity.
13. Describe the function of the medul- The medulla is concerned with un-
la. conscious activities (e.g. heartbeat,
breathing and gut movements).
14. Describe the function of the hypo- The hypothalamus is responsible for
thalamus. regulation of body temperature.
15. Explain some of the difficulties of in- The brain is very complex and deli-
vestigating brain function and treat- cate so is easily damaged. Drugs do
ing brain damage and disease. not always reach the brain through
the membranes surrounding it.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_chs6mx
1. Define homeostasis The regulation of the internal condi-
tions of a cell or organism to main-
tain optimum conditions for function
in response to internal and external
changes.
2. Give three things that are controlled Blood glucose concentration, body
by homeostasis. temperature and water levels.
3. What are receptors? Cells that detect stimuli.
4. What are coordination centres? Areas that receive and process infor-
mation from receptors (e.g. the brain,
spinal cord and pancreas).
5. What are effectors? Muscles or glands that bring about re-
sponses to the stimulus that has been
received and restore optimum levels.
6. How does the nervous system Sensory receptors detect stimulus. In-
work? formation is sent along sensory neu-
rones as an electrical impulse un-
til it reaches the CNS. The CNS co-
ordinates a response, which travels
across the motor neurones to the
effectors. The effectors form a re-
sponse.
7. What does the nervous system do? Enables humans to react to their sur-
roundings and coordinate their be-
haviour.
8. Summarise the nervous system as a Stimulus —> receptor —> coordina-
chain. tor —> effector —> response
9. Why are reflex actions important? Reflex actions are automatic and
rapid so there is less risk of harm to
the body.
10.
, Biology Paper 2- B10
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_chs6mx
Plan an investigation into the effect - Person 1 sits on a stool with a good,
of a factor on human reaction time. upright posture
- Person 1 places the forearm of their
dominant arm across the table, with
their hand leaning off the edge
- Person 2 holds the ruler vertically
with the 0cm mark between Person
1's thumb and first finger
- Person 2 drops the ruler at a random
time
- Person 1 has to catch the ruler as
quickly as possible
- Person 2 records the measurement
on the ruler that is level with the top of
Person 1's thumb
- Person 1 has a short rest before re-
peating the experiment several times
and calculating a mean
- Use a conversion time to work out
the reaction time
11. Describe the function of the cerebral The cerebral cortex is concerned with
cortex. memory, consciousness, intelligence
and language.
12. Describe the function on the cere- The cerebellum is concerned with
bellum. balance and coordinating muscular
activity.
13. Describe the function of the medul- The medulla is concerned with un-
la. conscious activities (e.g. heartbeat,
breathing and gut movements).
14. Describe the function of the hypo- The hypothalamus is responsible for
thalamus. regulation of body temperature.
15. Explain some of the difficulties of in- The brain is very complex and deli-
vestigating brain function and treat- cate so is easily damaged. Drugs do
ing brain damage and disease. not always reach the brain through
the membranes surrounding it.
