ETS major field test in biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fn3jus
1. Pyrimidine dimers formed in DNA due to UV radiation Photoreactivation
can be repaired by? repair (nucleotide
excision repair)
SOS repair
Double strand break repair
Mismatch repair
Photoreactivation repair (nucleotide excision repair)
Base excision repair
2. Which of the following repair mechanisms uses Mismatch repair
methyl groups to distinguish between parental and
daughter strands?
Answers:
Mismatch repair
Photoreactivation repair (Nucleotide excision repair)
SOS repair
Double strand break repair
Base excision repair
3. Which of the following types of molecules is always Protein
found in virions?
Answers:
Protein
RNA
Lipid
DNA
Carbohydrate
4. A Barr body found within the female mammalian cell's Heterochromatin
nucleus is an example of ___
Answers:
Euchromatin
Polytene chromosome
Pseudogenes
Heterochromatin
Cistron
5. Methylation
, ETS major field test in biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fn3jus
In vertebrate genes, transcription regulatory regions
that contain CpG islands are inactivated by which
CpG modification?
Answers:
Methylation
Ubiquitination
Acetylation
Phosphorylation
Myristoylation
6. TATA-binding protein (TBP) is a key transcription fac- Whether mutant
tor in eukaryotes. A schematic representation of the transcription phe-
240-amino acid TBP of yeast is shown in Fig. 1 below, notypes are due
with the positions of 2 mutations indicated. The boxed to perturbation of
area represents the evolutionarily conserved C-ter- TBP function.
minal domain of TBP, and the shaded (dark) regions
of this domain represent two repeated elements in-
volved in DNA binding. One mutation (P65S) changes
proline 65 to serine and the other I143N changes
isoleucine 143 to asparagine. Fig. 2 below represents
autoradiographs of gels containing RNA transcripts
produced in extracts of wild type or mutant cells.
Lanes 1-2 are from wild-type yeast (WT), lanes 3-4 are
from the I143N mutant and lanes 5-6 are from P65S
mutant, as indicated. Fig. 2A shows transcripts of a
gene transcribed by RNA polymerase I (Pol I). Fig.
2B shows transcripts of a gene transcribed by RNA
polymerase II (Pol II). Fig. 2C shows transcripts
7. A set of genes from Bacillus subtilis that encode A novel sigma fac-
the proteins required for sporulation have conserved tor is required for
DNA sequences -35 and -10 nucleotides before the transcription initi-
site of transcript initiation. However, the sequence at ation at these
-35 is different from that seen in most other genes genes
from that species. Which of the following best ex-
plains this difference?
Answers:
Transcription of these genes is induced by cAMP
Translation of the mRNAs transcribed from these
, ETS major field test in biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fn3jus
genes requires specific ribosomes that recognize a
modified Shine-Dalgarno sequence
A novel sigma factor is required for transcription
initiation at these genes
The -35 sequence is the binding site for a repressor
of transcription
The replication of these genes requires a specifically
modified DNA polymerase.
8. Which of the following repair mechanisms is often SOS repair
mutagenic?
Answers:
Mismatch repair
Photoreactivation repair (Nucleotide excision repair)
Base excision repair
SOS repair
9. The polytene chromosomes seen in Drosophila are Multiple copies of
Answers: a single chromo-
Multiple copies of a single chromosome some
Produced by repeated rounds of DNA replication fol-
lowed by nuclear division
Produced only after the completion of mitosis
Not carrying out transcription
smooth in appearance
10. A frameshift mutation is created when A base pair is ei-
Answers: ther inserted or
A codon's nucleotide sequence changes so that it deleted in a gene
calls for production of a different amino acid than the
original one
An initial mutation is reversed by a second mutation
A codon's nucleotide sequence changes so that in-
stead of coding for a given amino acid, it acts to
terminate translation
A base pair is either inserted or deleted in a gene
A codon's nucleotide sequence changes but the
amino acid it codes for does not change.
11.
, ETS major field test in biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fn3jus
Which of the following best explains how mutations A different
in DNA can result in the expression of a new pheno- polypeptide is pro-
type? duced
Answers:
The polarity of tRNA becomes the opposite of that of
DNA
A different polypeptide is produced
Eukaryotes and prokaryotes have similar ribosomes
The gene is now read in the 3' to 5' direction
Nucleic acids are methylated
12. Based on the figure shown, the RNA primer can be A
found at
Answers:
C
D
E
A
B
13. In genetic engineering, bacteria are commonly used Most eukaryotic
to produce mammalian proteins. In these instances genes have in-
the cDNA that codes for the protein is used rather trons that can-
than the genomic DNA. Which of the following pro- not be removed in
vides the best explanation for doing this? bacteria.
Answers:
It is easier to clone RNA than DNA
It is not possible to clone the entire coding region of
the gene
It is easier to clone cDNA than genomic DNA of com-
parable size
Most eukaryotic genes have introns that cannot be
removed in bacteria.
Most eukaryotic gene promoters do not function in
bacteria
14. Based on the figure shown, the location of DNA with B
a free 3'-OH is
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fn3jus
1. Pyrimidine dimers formed in DNA due to UV radiation Photoreactivation
can be repaired by? repair (nucleotide
excision repair)
SOS repair
Double strand break repair
Mismatch repair
Photoreactivation repair (nucleotide excision repair)
Base excision repair
2. Which of the following repair mechanisms uses Mismatch repair
methyl groups to distinguish between parental and
daughter strands?
Answers:
Mismatch repair
Photoreactivation repair (Nucleotide excision repair)
SOS repair
Double strand break repair
Base excision repair
3. Which of the following types of molecules is always Protein
found in virions?
Answers:
Protein
RNA
Lipid
DNA
Carbohydrate
4. A Barr body found within the female mammalian cell's Heterochromatin
nucleus is an example of ___
Answers:
Euchromatin
Polytene chromosome
Pseudogenes
Heterochromatin
Cistron
5. Methylation
, ETS major field test in biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fn3jus
In vertebrate genes, transcription regulatory regions
that contain CpG islands are inactivated by which
CpG modification?
Answers:
Methylation
Ubiquitination
Acetylation
Phosphorylation
Myristoylation
6. TATA-binding protein (TBP) is a key transcription fac- Whether mutant
tor in eukaryotes. A schematic representation of the transcription phe-
240-amino acid TBP of yeast is shown in Fig. 1 below, notypes are due
with the positions of 2 mutations indicated. The boxed to perturbation of
area represents the evolutionarily conserved C-ter- TBP function.
minal domain of TBP, and the shaded (dark) regions
of this domain represent two repeated elements in-
volved in DNA binding. One mutation (P65S) changes
proline 65 to serine and the other I143N changes
isoleucine 143 to asparagine. Fig. 2 below represents
autoradiographs of gels containing RNA transcripts
produced in extracts of wild type or mutant cells.
Lanes 1-2 are from wild-type yeast (WT), lanes 3-4 are
from the I143N mutant and lanes 5-6 are from P65S
mutant, as indicated. Fig. 2A shows transcripts of a
gene transcribed by RNA polymerase I (Pol I). Fig.
2B shows transcripts of a gene transcribed by RNA
polymerase II (Pol II). Fig. 2C shows transcripts
7. A set of genes from Bacillus subtilis that encode A novel sigma fac-
the proteins required for sporulation have conserved tor is required for
DNA sequences -35 and -10 nucleotides before the transcription initi-
site of transcript initiation. However, the sequence at ation at these
-35 is different from that seen in most other genes genes
from that species. Which of the following best ex-
plains this difference?
Answers:
Transcription of these genes is induced by cAMP
Translation of the mRNAs transcribed from these
, ETS major field test in biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fn3jus
genes requires specific ribosomes that recognize a
modified Shine-Dalgarno sequence
A novel sigma factor is required for transcription
initiation at these genes
The -35 sequence is the binding site for a repressor
of transcription
The replication of these genes requires a specifically
modified DNA polymerase.
8. Which of the following repair mechanisms is often SOS repair
mutagenic?
Answers:
Mismatch repair
Photoreactivation repair (Nucleotide excision repair)
Base excision repair
SOS repair
9. The polytene chromosomes seen in Drosophila are Multiple copies of
Answers: a single chromo-
Multiple copies of a single chromosome some
Produced by repeated rounds of DNA replication fol-
lowed by nuclear division
Produced only after the completion of mitosis
Not carrying out transcription
smooth in appearance
10. A frameshift mutation is created when A base pair is ei-
Answers: ther inserted or
A codon's nucleotide sequence changes so that it deleted in a gene
calls for production of a different amino acid than the
original one
An initial mutation is reversed by a second mutation
A codon's nucleotide sequence changes so that in-
stead of coding for a given amino acid, it acts to
terminate translation
A base pair is either inserted or deleted in a gene
A codon's nucleotide sequence changes but the
amino acid it codes for does not change.
11.
, ETS major field test in biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fn3jus
Which of the following best explains how mutations A different
in DNA can result in the expression of a new pheno- polypeptide is pro-
type? duced
Answers:
The polarity of tRNA becomes the opposite of that of
DNA
A different polypeptide is produced
Eukaryotes and prokaryotes have similar ribosomes
The gene is now read in the 3' to 5' direction
Nucleic acids are methylated
12. Based on the figure shown, the RNA primer can be A
found at
Answers:
C
D
E
A
B
13. In genetic engineering, bacteria are commonly used Most eukaryotic
to produce mammalian proteins. In these instances genes have in-
the cDNA that codes for the protein is used rather trons that can-
than the genomic DNA. Which of the following pro- not be removed in
vides the best explanation for doing this? bacteria.
Answers:
It is easier to clone RNA than DNA
It is not possible to clone the entire coding region of
the gene
It is easier to clone cDNA than genomic DNA of com-
parable size
Most eukaryotic genes have introns that cannot be
removed in bacteria.
Most eukaryotic gene promoters do not function in
bacteria
14. Based on the figure shown, the location of DNA with B
a free 3'-OH is
