Biology 211 Exam 4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fbsvhs
1. What are the key characteristics of plants? - Composed of one or
more eukaryote cell(s)
- Cell wall composed of
cellulose
- Chlorophyll in chloro-
plast
2. How do plants acquire energy? By autotrophy (photosyn-
thesis)
3. How do plants acquire nutrients? Absorbed from the en-
vironment (Nitrogen and
Phosphorus)
4. How do plants produce ATP? Aerobic cellular respira-
tion
5. What plant is an exception? Why? Ghost plants
- Lacks chlorophyll, and is
parasitic on mycorrhizal
fungi that have mutualis-
tic associations with trees
6. What are the 5 types of plant lineages? 1. Green Algae
2. Nonvascular plants
3. Seedless vascular
plants
4. Gymnosperms
5. Angiosperms
7. Where do green algae inhabit? aquatic ecosystems
8. What are the characteristics of green algae? - Unicellular or multicellu-
lar
- No tissues or organs
9. How does green algae acquire nutrients and - Carbon dioxide
water? - Nitrogen
- Phosphorus
, Biology 211 Exam 4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fbsvhs
- Water absorbed across
cell membrane
10. What is the ecological importance (historically - Photosynthesis con-
and presently) of green algae? tributes to increased bi-
ological production and
biodiversity in aquatic
ecosystems
11. All plant groups contribute to increased bio- a) food to consumers
diversity by providing resources: a)______, b) b) oxygen
_______, and c) _____ and c) habitat
12. Where do non-vascular plants inhabit? aquatic and terrestrial
ecosystems
13. What are the characteristics of non-vascular - Cells organized into tis-
plants? sues/organs
- Cuticle and stomata
- No vascular tissue
- Embryo released from
plant in a desiccation-re-
sistant spore
14. What is a waxy layer that prevents water loss Cuticle
from stems and leaves?
15. What has pores that allow gas to exchange in Stomata
photosynthetic tissues and guard cells close
under conditions of water stress (to reduce
further water loss)?
16. How do the cuticle and stomata acquire nutri- - Rhizoids anchor plant
ents and water? to substrate (e.g., soil,
wood, rock) and absorb
water, nutrients (N,P)
- Carbon dioxide ab-
sorbed through stomata
17.
, Biology 211 Exam 4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fbsvhs
What is the ecological importance (historical- - Resources provided by
ly) of the cuticle and stomata? first terrestrial plants en-
abled evolution of terres-
trial consumers
- Explosion in biodiversi-
ty, organism abundance,
and biological production
18. Where do seedless vascular plants inhabit? aquatic and wet terrestri-
al ecosystems
19. What are the characteristics of seedless vas- - Cuticle and stomata
cular plants? - Vascular tissue con-
ducts water, nutri-
ents, and carbohydrates
through plants
- Embryo released from
plant in a desiccation-re-
sistant spore
20. How do seedless vascular plants acquire nutri- Vascular tissue
ents and water? - Xylem
- Phloem
21. __________ conducts water and nutrients from Xylem
roots to photosynthetic cells
22. __________ conducts carbohydrates from Phloem
photosynthetic cells to roots
23. What is the ecological importance (historically - Vascular tissue and
and presently) of seedless vascular plants? lignin enable plants to
grow tall and inhabit drier
habitats
- Increased terrestrial
plant abundance and di-
versity (habitat and food
resources) enables in-
creased biodiversity and
organism abundance
, Biology 211 Exam 4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fbsvhs
24. Where do gymnosperms inhabit? Terrestrial ecosystem
25. What are the characteristics of gymnosperms? - Cuticle and stomata*
- Vascular tissue and
lignin*
- Embryo released from
plant in a seed*
# *Adaptation for terrestrial
life
26. How do gymnosperms acquire nutrients and Vascular system
water?
27. What is the ecological importance (historically - First plants capable of
and presently) of gymnosperms? reproducing in dry terres-
trial habitat
- Increased food and
habitat resources and in-
creased biodiversity and
organism abundance
28. Where do angiosperms inhabit? aquatic and terrestrial
ecosystem
29. What are the characteristics of angiosperms? - Cuticle and stomata*
- Vascular tissue and
lignin*
- Embryo released from
plant in a seed (surround-
ed by fruit)*
30. How do angiosperms acquire nutrients and wa- Vascular system
ter?
31. What is the ecological importance (historically - Emergence of plants
and presently) of angiosperms? with fruit and flowers (with
nectar and pollen) provid-
ed more food resources
to primary consumers
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fbsvhs
1. What are the key characteristics of plants? - Composed of one or
more eukaryote cell(s)
- Cell wall composed of
cellulose
- Chlorophyll in chloro-
plast
2. How do plants acquire energy? By autotrophy (photosyn-
thesis)
3. How do plants acquire nutrients? Absorbed from the en-
vironment (Nitrogen and
Phosphorus)
4. How do plants produce ATP? Aerobic cellular respira-
tion
5. What plant is an exception? Why? Ghost plants
- Lacks chlorophyll, and is
parasitic on mycorrhizal
fungi that have mutualis-
tic associations with trees
6. What are the 5 types of plant lineages? 1. Green Algae
2. Nonvascular plants
3. Seedless vascular
plants
4. Gymnosperms
5. Angiosperms
7. Where do green algae inhabit? aquatic ecosystems
8. What are the characteristics of green algae? - Unicellular or multicellu-
lar
- No tissues or organs
9. How does green algae acquire nutrients and - Carbon dioxide
water? - Nitrogen
- Phosphorus
, Biology 211 Exam 4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fbsvhs
- Water absorbed across
cell membrane
10. What is the ecological importance (historically - Photosynthesis con-
and presently) of green algae? tributes to increased bi-
ological production and
biodiversity in aquatic
ecosystems
11. All plant groups contribute to increased bio- a) food to consumers
diversity by providing resources: a)______, b) b) oxygen
_______, and c) _____ and c) habitat
12. Where do non-vascular plants inhabit? aquatic and terrestrial
ecosystems
13. What are the characteristics of non-vascular - Cells organized into tis-
plants? sues/organs
- Cuticle and stomata
- No vascular tissue
- Embryo released from
plant in a desiccation-re-
sistant spore
14. What is a waxy layer that prevents water loss Cuticle
from stems and leaves?
15. What has pores that allow gas to exchange in Stomata
photosynthetic tissues and guard cells close
under conditions of water stress (to reduce
further water loss)?
16. How do the cuticle and stomata acquire nutri- - Rhizoids anchor plant
ents and water? to substrate (e.g., soil,
wood, rock) and absorb
water, nutrients (N,P)
- Carbon dioxide ab-
sorbed through stomata
17.
, Biology 211 Exam 4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fbsvhs
What is the ecological importance (historical- - Resources provided by
ly) of the cuticle and stomata? first terrestrial plants en-
abled evolution of terres-
trial consumers
- Explosion in biodiversi-
ty, organism abundance,
and biological production
18. Where do seedless vascular plants inhabit? aquatic and wet terrestri-
al ecosystems
19. What are the characteristics of seedless vas- - Cuticle and stomata
cular plants? - Vascular tissue con-
ducts water, nutri-
ents, and carbohydrates
through plants
- Embryo released from
plant in a desiccation-re-
sistant spore
20. How do seedless vascular plants acquire nutri- Vascular tissue
ents and water? - Xylem
- Phloem
21. __________ conducts water and nutrients from Xylem
roots to photosynthetic cells
22. __________ conducts carbohydrates from Phloem
photosynthetic cells to roots
23. What is the ecological importance (historically - Vascular tissue and
and presently) of seedless vascular plants? lignin enable plants to
grow tall and inhabit drier
habitats
- Increased terrestrial
plant abundance and di-
versity (habitat and food
resources) enables in-
creased biodiversity and
organism abundance
, Biology 211 Exam 4
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fbsvhs
24. Where do gymnosperms inhabit? Terrestrial ecosystem
25. What are the characteristics of gymnosperms? - Cuticle and stomata*
- Vascular tissue and
lignin*
- Embryo released from
plant in a seed*
# *Adaptation for terrestrial
life
26. How do gymnosperms acquire nutrients and Vascular system
water?
27. What is the ecological importance (historically - First plants capable of
and presently) of gymnosperms? reproducing in dry terres-
trial habitat
- Increased food and
habitat resources and in-
creased biodiversity and
organism abundance
28. Where do angiosperms inhabit? aquatic and terrestrial
ecosystem
29. What are the characteristics of angiosperms? - Cuticle and stomata*
- Vascular tissue and
lignin*
- Embryo released from
plant in a seed (surround-
ed by fruit)*
30. How do angiosperms acquire nutrients and wa- Vascular system
ter?
31. What is the ecological importance (historically - Emergence of plants
and presently) of angiosperms? with fruit and flowers (with
nectar and pollen) provid-
ed more food resources
to primary consumers
