ADN Week 4 Quiz: Cardiovascular Nursing 2026/2027 UPDATE |Galen
1. A patient with heart failure reports a sudden weight gain of 3 pounds in 24
hours. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Assess for peripheral edema
B. Auscultate the lungs for crackles
C. Notify the healthcare provider
D. Review the patient’s sodium intake
Answer: B
Rationale: In heart failure, rapid weight gain suggests fluid retention. Assessing lung
sounds for crackles is the priority to identify pulmonary edema, which is a life-threatening
complication.
2. Which laboratory result is the most specific indicator of myocardial infarction
(MI)?
A. Creatine kinase (CK-MB)
B. Myoglobin
C. Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)
D. Troponin I
Answer: D
Rationale: Troponin I is a highly specific cardiac marker that rises within 3 to 6 hours after
myocardial injury and stays elevated for up to 10 days.
,3. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving Digoxin. For which sign of toxicity
should the nurse monitor?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Increased heart rate
C. Visual disturbances such as yellow halos
D. Hypertension
Answer: C
Rationale: Signs of digoxin toxicity include visual disturbances (yellow/green halos),
nausea, vomiting, and bradycardia.
4. What is the primary goal of administering Nitroglycerin to a patient with
angina?
A. Dilate coronary arteries and reduce preload
B. Increase the heart rate
C. Decrease the force of contraction
D. Prevent thrombus formation
Answer: A
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that reduces preload and dilates coronary
arteries, increasing oxygen supply to the myocardium.
5. A patient is diagnosed with Right-sided heart failure. Which clinical
manifestation should the nurse expect?
A. Crackles in the lungs
B. Jugular venous distention (JVD)
C. Orthopnea
D. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Answer: B
Rationale: Right-sided heart failure causes systemic congestion, leading to JVD, peripheral
edema, and hepatomegaly. Lung symptoms are associated with Left-sided failure.
, 6. Which rhythm is characterized by the absence of P-waves and a ‘sawtooth’
baseline on an ECG?
A. Atrial Fibrillation
B. Atrial Flutter
C. Ventricular Tachycardia
D. Sinus Bradycardia
Answer: B
Rationale: Atrial flutter is classically identified by sawtooth-shaped flutter waves instead
of P-waves.
7. A nurse is teaching a patient about a new prescription for Warfarin. Which
statement indicates the patient understands the teaching?
A. I will eat a large salad every night to stay healthy.
B. I will use a soft-bristled toothbrush.
C. I will take aspirin if I have a headache.
D. I don’t need to have my blood checked regularly.
Answer: B
Rationale: Patients on anticoagulants like Warfarin are at risk for bleeding; using a soft
toothbrush reduces the risk of gum bleeding. Vitamin K intake (salads) must remain
consistent, not increased.
8. What is the first-line treatment for a patient experiencing Ventricular
Fibrillation?
A. Amiodarone IV push
B. Synchronized cardioversion
C. Defibrillation
D. Atropine administration
Answer: C
1. A patient with heart failure reports a sudden weight gain of 3 pounds in 24
hours. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Assess for peripheral edema
B. Auscultate the lungs for crackles
C. Notify the healthcare provider
D. Review the patient’s sodium intake
Answer: B
Rationale: In heart failure, rapid weight gain suggests fluid retention. Assessing lung
sounds for crackles is the priority to identify pulmonary edema, which is a life-threatening
complication.
2. Which laboratory result is the most specific indicator of myocardial infarction
(MI)?
A. Creatine kinase (CK-MB)
B. Myoglobin
C. Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)
D. Troponin I
Answer: D
Rationale: Troponin I is a highly specific cardiac marker that rises within 3 to 6 hours after
myocardial injury and stays elevated for up to 10 days.
,3. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving Digoxin. For which sign of toxicity
should the nurse monitor?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Increased heart rate
C. Visual disturbances such as yellow halos
D. Hypertension
Answer: C
Rationale: Signs of digoxin toxicity include visual disturbances (yellow/green halos),
nausea, vomiting, and bradycardia.
4. What is the primary goal of administering Nitroglycerin to a patient with
angina?
A. Dilate coronary arteries and reduce preload
B. Increase the heart rate
C. Decrease the force of contraction
D. Prevent thrombus formation
Answer: A
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that reduces preload and dilates coronary
arteries, increasing oxygen supply to the myocardium.
5. A patient is diagnosed with Right-sided heart failure. Which clinical
manifestation should the nurse expect?
A. Crackles in the lungs
B. Jugular venous distention (JVD)
C. Orthopnea
D. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Answer: B
Rationale: Right-sided heart failure causes systemic congestion, leading to JVD, peripheral
edema, and hepatomegaly. Lung symptoms are associated with Left-sided failure.
, 6. Which rhythm is characterized by the absence of P-waves and a ‘sawtooth’
baseline on an ECG?
A. Atrial Fibrillation
B. Atrial Flutter
C. Ventricular Tachycardia
D. Sinus Bradycardia
Answer: B
Rationale: Atrial flutter is classically identified by sawtooth-shaped flutter waves instead
of P-waves.
7. A nurse is teaching a patient about a new prescription for Warfarin. Which
statement indicates the patient understands the teaching?
A. I will eat a large salad every night to stay healthy.
B. I will use a soft-bristled toothbrush.
C. I will take aspirin if I have a headache.
D. I don’t need to have my blood checked regularly.
Answer: B
Rationale: Patients on anticoagulants like Warfarin are at risk for bleeding; using a soft
toothbrush reduces the risk of gum bleeding. Vitamin K intake (salads) must remain
consistent, not increased.
8. What is the first-line treatment for a patient experiencing Ventricular
Fibrillation?
A. Amiodarone IV push
B. Synchronized cardioversion
C. Defibrillation
D. Atropine administration
Answer: C
