MBIO 3401 TTU Exam 3 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Parasite -
correct answer ✅an organism that receives benefit at the expense
of the host can use prefix endo/exo to specify where they infect
Pathogen -
correct answer ✅agent that causes disease
Primary Pathogens -
correct answer ✅causes disease in a healthy host by breaching
host defenses
Opportunistic pathogens -
correct answer ✅causes disease in compromised host
Infection -
correct answer ✅colonization in a host by a potential pathogen
does not necessarily cause disease
Latency -
correct answer ✅when a pathogen is dormant and not causing
symptoms and also cannot be cultured
,MBIO 3401 TTU Exam 3 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Pathogenicity -
correct answer ✅is the ability of an organism to cause disease
o Pathogenicity = infectivity + virulence
Infectivity -
correct answer ✅ability of an organism to spread in a given
environment
virulence -
correct answer ✅severity of disease
Lethal dose -
correct answer ✅A measure of the amount of pathogen required
to kill 50% of host populations
Infectious dose: a measure of the amount of organism to cause a
disease in 50% of host populations but not kill the host
infection cycle -
correct answer ✅is the technical term for the movement of a
disease through an environment
A cycle of infection can include the different types of transmission
including:
,MBIO 3401 TTU Exam 3 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
o Horizontal transmission where an infectious agent is transferred
form one host to the next
o Vertical transmission such as that from a parent to an offspring
o Zoonosis where a disease in animals jumps from an animal host
to a human host
Vehicle transmission -
correct answer ✅Air, water, fomites can transfer micrboes from
one host to another
Fomites -
correct answer ✅· an inanimate object that microbes can be
transferred
Vectors -
correct answer ✅· an organism that can carry infectious agents
from on host to another ; A molecule of DNA inot which exogenous
DNA can be inserted to be cloned
o Mechanical vectors do not maintain the infectious agent
internally but carry them via the surface of the organism
, MBIO 3401 TTU Exam 3 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Reservoir -
correct answer ✅an organism that maintatins an infectious agent
for transmission serve as a high titer host meaning they carry a high
concentration of the agent that can be transmitted to different
hosts
Portals of Entry/transmission routes -
correct answer ✅1. Oral portal of entry
a. Fecal oral transmission- fecal contaminated food/water/debris
enters the host via oral cavity
2. Airborne transmission
a. Respiratory inhalation or via landing on mucosal membranes
3. Parenteral route (injection)
a. Drug use
b. Mosquito/tick vectors
· Innate Immunity -
correct answer ✅o Physical/Chemical barriers and nonspecific
cellular responses
i. Complement
Answers (Grade A+)
Parasite -
correct answer ✅an organism that receives benefit at the expense
of the host can use prefix endo/exo to specify where they infect
Pathogen -
correct answer ✅agent that causes disease
Primary Pathogens -
correct answer ✅causes disease in a healthy host by breaching
host defenses
Opportunistic pathogens -
correct answer ✅causes disease in compromised host
Infection -
correct answer ✅colonization in a host by a potential pathogen
does not necessarily cause disease
Latency -
correct answer ✅when a pathogen is dormant and not causing
symptoms and also cannot be cultured
,MBIO 3401 TTU Exam 3 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Pathogenicity -
correct answer ✅is the ability of an organism to cause disease
o Pathogenicity = infectivity + virulence
Infectivity -
correct answer ✅ability of an organism to spread in a given
environment
virulence -
correct answer ✅severity of disease
Lethal dose -
correct answer ✅A measure of the amount of pathogen required
to kill 50% of host populations
Infectious dose: a measure of the amount of organism to cause a
disease in 50% of host populations but not kill the host
infection cycle -
correct answer ✅is the technical term for the movement of a
disease through an environment
A cycle of infection can include the different types of transmission
including:
,MBIO 3401 TTU Exam 3 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
o Horizontal transmission where an infectious agent is transferred
form one host to the next
o Vertical transmission such as that from a parent to an offspring
o Zoonosis where a disease in animals jumps from an animal host
to a human host
Vehicle transmission -
correct answer ✅Air, water, fomites can transfer micrboes from
one host to another
Fomites -
correct answer ✅· an inanimate object that microbes can be
transferred
Vectors -
correct answer ✅· an organism that can carry infectious agents
from on host to another ; A molecule of DNA inot which exogenous
DNA can be inserted to be cloned
o Mechanical vectors do not maintain the infectious agent
internally but carry them via the surface of the organism
, MBIO 3401 TTU Exam 3 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Reservoir -
correct answer ✅an organism that maintatins an infectious agent
for transmission serve as a high titer host meaning they carry a high
concentration of the agent that can be transmitted to different
hosts
Portals of Entry/transmission routes -
correct answer ✅1. Oral portal of entry
a. Fecal oral transmission- fecal contaminated food/water/debris
enters the host via oral cavity
2. Airborne transmission
a. Respiratory inhalation or via landing on mucosal membranes
3. Parenteral route (injection)
a. Drug use
b. Mosquito/tick vectors
· Innate Immunity -
correct answer ✅o Physical/Chemical barriers and nonspecific
cellular responses
i. Complement
