COUC 504 WEEK 6 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
ArAb-AmericAn Heterogeneity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- region centered around the Persian Gulf
became known to English speakers as "the
middle east" or the "Near Orient"
- religious groups coexisting in the Middle East are Muslims, Christians, Jews, Bah'ai, and Druze.
- Arabs are people who have ancestral ties to the Saudi Arabian peninsula and historically have practiced
Islam, can also tell through Arabic language
- Arab is ethnic or cultural category
- Arab American is used to mean any individual who defines himself or herself as part of that ethnic
group and has a heritage linked to the League of Arab States as described next
- not all countries in Middle East are arabic
- many contemporary scholars define those originating from the Arab middle east (self-defined as a
country of origin belonging to the League of Arab States)
-League of Arab States was founded in 1945. The 22 member states are Algeria, Bahrain, the Comoros,
Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar,
Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen (Nassar-McMillan,
Ajrouch, et al., 2014). These are sometimes grouped into the Gulf states (i.e., Kuwait, Saudi Arabia,
Oman), Greater Syria (including Iraq and Lebanon), and the area of North Africa referred to as the
Maghreb (i.e., Egypt, Libya, Morocco). some Arab speaking countries not part of Arab league
- Arab Muslims make up about one fifth of the world's muslim population
- muslim and Arab are not synonymous
- majority christian arabs
Arab immigration - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅4 waves
1) The first group of immigrants came primarily from Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, and Jordan at the end of
the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. Most of them were Christians who wanted to
escape the Islamic Ottoman Empire. mostly uneducated laborers
2) second group of Arab immigrants arrived after World War II. These individuals were fleeing their
homelands that were wracked with political tensions. Among them were Palestinians who were
escaping civil war in 1948 as the British mandate in the area expired and territories were seized by
Israel, but the wave also included Syrians, Jordanians, Egyptians, Iraqis, and, to a lesser extent, Yemenis
and Lebanese. Some have called this exodus the brain drain, because those who left were formally
educated Muslims with the means to escape undesirable situations.
,3) hird wave of immigrants was also composed predominantly of formally educated Muslims, but this
group's motivation was a search for better lives as part of the American Dream. Restrictions on
immigration had been eased in the 1960s, making it easier to take advantage of the opportunity. Many
of the people arriving at this time were Palestinians who wanted to escape the Israeli occupation
4) the Gulf War created a situation in which refugees had very few options left and were compelled to
flee. This group included, for example, Iraqis who worked with the United States in its war efforts in the
region and who faced harsh consequences for that choice. Renewed conflict in the region has led more
Iraqi refugees to the United States, both directly and indirectly after stopovers in refugee camps
Collectivism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Arab Americans should be understood as holding a collective
worldview
- Arab Americans are likely to continue seeing themselves as part of an extended family and community
structure. Decisions are made within this context, help is sought from other members of the collective
group, appropriate behavior is defined by the shared beliefs of the community, and interdependence is
valued as a sign of dedication and loyalty to the group
- Arab Americans tend to be highly aware of both major and minor circumstances that could bring either
honor or shame to their family and the larger community
- idea of honor and shame tends to play a large role in the decisions, goals, and behaviors made by many
Arab Americans
- "We rise together, we fall together"
- "It is my brother and I against our cousin; but it is my cousin and I against a stranger". Collective
societies value trust, so outsiders must work to gain favor through sustained demonstrations of
knowledge, awareness, and skillful assistance. before trust is earned, individualistic U.S. influences may
be viewed with some suspicion.
- Arab social structure is patrilineal, with males being at the top of the hierarchy
- There is wide variation within the Arab and Arab-American communities as to how gender roles and
power are expressed, including how patriarchal beliefs and behaviors are supported
- parenting styles may be even more authoritarian than
those of Arabs in their home countries, because U.S. cultural values may be viewed as a threat to the
structure of the Arab-American family and its value system, particularly in the case of Muslims
- Extended family systems, through blood and marriage, are common within Arab households
- family becomes the hallmark of Arab culture and the mode with which to pass on cultural traditions
and beliefs
- divorce highly frowned upon
- marri
, kinship - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅This term includes "extended family that provide connection, security,
and identity for Arab men and women"
religion and faith - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- the majority of Arabs in the Middle East are Muslim
- the largest religious group within Arab Americans is Catholic
- 20% are Christian Orthodox, followed by 11% who practice a Christian Protestant religion; only 24% of
Arab Americans practice Islam, whereas the remaining 13% of Arab Americans describe themselves as
not having a religious affiliation
- For Muslims in particular (as a religious minority in the United States), the strain of being
misunderstood and perhaps mistreated in everyday life can be counterbalanced by time spent with
other Muslims at the mosque.
- The Imam (i.e., religious leader) may be sought for counsel in handling daily stressors, and the
worshipers may assist each other with issues related to family life, work, and education
islam - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- began in the 7th century when the Prophet Muhammad began to
deliver God's messages in the area of the Arabian Peninsula. Muhammad did not claim to be divine, but
said that he received divine revelations from the Archangel Gabriel. These messages from Allah (the
Arabic word for God) were written and became known as the Qur'an. not crazy different from old or
new testament in bible.
- Many Muslims view Islam as not merely their religion, but their guide for everyday life.
- Islam means peace through submission, a concept that does not condone actions taken with the
express purpose of hurting or terrorizing another person or group. The goal of global unity is supported
by Islamic ethics, including religious unity and racial and ethnic unity
- males and females are considered by Islam to be equals before God. Muslim women are able to obtain
an education, own property, make their own decisions about marriage and divorce, and vote. Muslim
women also pray in the same way that the men do, but as with many other activities in traditional Arab
Muslim households, the genders are separated
- lack of women's education is due to sociopolitical influences, not religion
education, work, and economic Status - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- education is strongly encouraged for
boys and girls alike in the Arab-American community
- Although some schoolchildren in the Arab Middle East may be segregated by gender, Arab-American
children follow the norms of schooling in the United States
ArAb-AmericAn Heterogeneity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- region centered around the Persian Gulf
became known to English speakers as "the
middle east" or the "Near Orient"
- religious groups coexisting in the Middle East are Muslims, Christians, Jews, Bah'ai, and Druze.
- Arabs are people who have ancestral ties to the Saudi Arabian peninsula and historically have practiced
Islam, can also tell through Arabic language
- Arab is ethnic or cultural category
- Arab American is used to mean any individual who defines himself or herself as part of that ethnic
group and has a heritage linked to the League of Arab States as described next
- not all countries in Middle East are arabic
- many contemporary scholars define those originating from the Arab middle east (self-defined as a
country of origin belonging to the League of Arab States)
-League of Arab States was founded in 1945. The 22 member states are Algeria, Bahrain, the Comoros,
Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar,
Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen (Nassar-McMillan,
Ajrouch, et al., 2014). These are sometimes grouped into the Gulf states (i.e., Kuwait, Saudi Arabia,
Oman), Greater Syria (including Iraq and Lebanon), and the area of North Africa referred to as the
Maghreb (i.e., Egypt, Libya, Morocco). some Arab speaking countries not part of Arab league
- Arab Muslims make up about one fifth of the world's muslim population
- muslim and Arab are not synonymous
- majority christian arabs
Arab immigration - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅4 waves
1) The first group of immigrants came primarily from Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, and Jordan at the end of
the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. Most of them were Christians who wanted to
escape the Islamic Ottoman Empire. mostly uneducated laborers
2) second group of Arab immigrants arrived after World War II. These individuals were fleeing their
homelands that were wracked with political tensions. Among them were Palestinians who were
escaping civil war in 1948 as the British mandate in the area expired and territories were seized by
Israel, but the wave also included Syrians, Jordanians, Egyptians, Iraqis, and, to a lesser extent, Yemenis
and Lebanese. Some have called this exodus the brain drain, because those who left were formally
educated Muslims with the means to escape undesirable situations.
,3) hird wave of immigrants was also composed predominantly of formally educated Muslims, but this
group's motivation was a search for better lives as part of the American Dream. Restrictions on
immigration had been eased in the 1960s, making it easier to take advantage of the opportunity. Many
of the people arriving at this time were Palestinians who wanted to escape the Israeli occupation
4) the Gulf War created a situation in which refugees had very few options left and were compelled to
flee. This group included, for example, Iraqis who worked with the United States in its war efforts in the
region and who faced harsh consequences for that choice. Renewed conflict in the region has led more
Iraqi refugees to the United States, both directly and indirectly after stopovers in refugee camps
Collectivism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Arab Americans should be understood as holding a collective
worldview
- Arab Americans are likely to continue seeing themselves as part of an extended family and community
structure. Decisions are made within this context, help is sought from other members of the collective
group, appropriate behavior is defined by the shared beliefs of the community, and interdependence is
valued as a sign of dedication and loyalty to the group
- Arab Americans tend to be highly aware of both major and minor circumstances that could bring either
honor or shame to their family and the larger community
- idea of honor and shame tends to play a large role in the decisions, goals, and behaviors made by many
Arab Americans
- "We rise together, we fall together"
- "It is my brother and I against our cousin; but it is my cousin and I against a stranger". Collective
societies value trust, so outsiders must work to gain favor through sustained demonstrations of
knowledge, awareness, and skillful assistance. before trust is earned, individualistic U.S. influences may
be viewed with some suspicion.
- Arab social structure is patrilineal, with males being at the top of the hierarchy
- There is wide variation within the Arab and Arab-American communities as to how gender roles and
power are expressed, including how patriarchal beliefs and behaviors are supported
- parenting styles may be even more authoritarian than
those of Arabs in their home countries, because U.S. cultural values may be viewed as a threat to the
structure of the Arab-American family and its value system, particularly in the case of Muslims
- Extended family systems, through blood and marriage, are common within Arab households
- family becomes the hallmark of Arab culture and the mode with which to pass on cultural traditions
and beliefs
- divorce highly frowned upon
- marri
, kinship - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅This term includes "extended family that provide connection, security,
and identity for Arab men and women"
religion and faith - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- the majority of Arabs in the Middle East are Muslim
- the largest religious group within Arab Americans is Catholic
- 20% are Christian Orthodox, followed by 11% who practice a Christian Protestant religion; only 24% of
Arab Americans practice Islam, whereas the remaining 13% of Arab Americans describe themselves as
not having a religious affiliation
- For Muslims in particular (as a religious minority in the United States), the strain of being
misunderstood and perhaps mistreated in everyday life can be counterbalanced by time spent with
other Muslims at the mosque.
- The Imam (i.e., religious leader) may be sought for counsel in handling daily stressors, and the
worshipers may assist each other with issues related to family life, work, and education
islam - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- began in the 7th century when the Prophet Muhammad began to
deliver God's messages in the area of the Arabian Peninsula. Muhammad did not claim to be divine, but
said that he received divine revelations from the Archangel Gabriel. These messages from Allah (the
Arabic word for God) were written and became known as the Qur'an. not crazy different from old or
new testament in bible.
- Many Muslims view Islam as not merely their religion, but their guide for everyday life.
- Islam means peace through submission, a concept that does not condone actions taken with the
express purpose of hurting or terrorizing another person or group. The goal of global unity is supported
by Islamic ethics, including religious unity and racial and ethnic unity
- males and females are considered by Islam to be equals before God. Muslim women are able to obtain
an education, own property, make their own decisions about marriage and divorce, and vote. Muslim
women also pray in the same way that the men do, but as with many other activities in traditional Arab
Muslim households, the genders are separated
- lack of women's education is due to sociopolitical influences, not religion
education, work, and economic Status - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- education is strongly encouraged for
boys and girls alike in the Arab-American community
- Although some schoolchildren in the Arab Middle East may be segregated by gender, Arab-American
children follow the norms of schooling in the United States
