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,NR 507 Week 4 Midterm Exam Version 2: Advanced Pathophysiology – 150 New
Practice Questions with Verified Answers and Detailed Explanations
Questions 1–150
1. Which cell type is primarily responsible for the chronic inflammation seen in
asthma?
A) Neutrophils
, B) Eosinophils
C) Basophils
D) Monocytes
Correct Answer: B – Eosinophils release major basic protein and leukotrienes,
causing airway damage.
2. What is the most common cause of chronic bronchitis?
A) Air pollution
B) Cigarette smoking
C) Genetic deficiency
D) Recurrent infections
Correct Answer: B – Smoking causes mucus hypersecretion and inflammation of
large airways.
3. Which finding is characteristic of emphysema?
A) Increased FEV1/FVC ratio
B) Decreased DLCO (diffusing capacity)
C) Normal lung compliance
D) Predominantly central airway disease
Correct Answer: B – Destruction of alveolar-capillary membrane reduces gas
exchange.
4. What is the primary pathophysiologic defect in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency?
A) Excessive neutrophil elastase activity
B) Surfactant deficiency
C) Impaired ciliary function
D) Autoimmune destruction of alveoli
Correct Answer: A – Lack of alpha-1 allows elastase to destroy lung tissue.
,NR 507 Week 4 Midterm Exam Version 2: Advanced Pathophysiology – 150 New
Practice Questions with Verified Answers and Detailed Explanations
Questions 1–150
1. Which cell type is primarily responsible for the chronic inflammation seen in
asthma?
A) Neutrophils
, B) Eosinophils
C) Basophils
D) Monocytes
Correct Answer: B – Eosinophils release major basic protein and leukotrienes,
causing airway damage.
2. What is the most common cause of chronic bronchitis?
A) Air pollution
B) Cigarette smoking
C) Genetic deficiency
D) Recurrent infections
Correct Answer: B – Smoking causes mucus hypersecretion and inflammation of
large airways.
3. Which finding is characteristic of emphysema?
A) Increased FEV1/FVC ratio
B) Decreased DLCO (diffusing capacity)
C) Normal lung compliance
D) Predominantly central airway disease
Correct Answer: B – Destruction of alveolar-capillary membrane reduces gas
exchange.
4. What is the primary pathophysiologic defect in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency?
A) Excessive neutrophil elastase activity
B) Surfactant deficiency
C) Impaired ciliary function
D) Autoimmune destruction of alveoli
Correct Answer: A – Lack of alpha-1 allows elastase to destroy lung tissue.
