BIO 271 Exam 1 Practice Test 2026 | Verified Answers |
Exam Prep
1. Compact bone is composed of repeating units called:
Calcium Phosphate
Osteons
Trabeculae
Compacted Collagen
2. Describe the relationship between the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis in
terms of their functions.
The epidermis is responsible for sensation, the dermis for protection,
and the hypodermis for temperature regulation.
The epidermis and dermis are the same layer, while the hypodermis is
a separate organ.
The epidermis is the deepest layer, the dermis is the outer layer, and
the hypodermis is not involved in skin function.
The epidermis provides a protective barrier, the dermis contains
connective tissues and supports the epidermis, and the hypodermis
anchors the skin to underlying structures.
3. What type of cell is primarily involved in forming the body's tissues and
organs?
Germ cell
Prokaryotic cell
Stem cell
Somatic cell
,4. What is the primary function of cilia in cellular biology?
To store genetic information
To move substances across the cell surface
To provide structural support
To increase surface area
5. What does 'ipsilateral' mean in anatomical terminology?
On the same side of the body
Below another structure
On opposite sides of the body
Above another structure
6. In anatomical terminology, what does the term 'superior' indicate?
Towards the front of the body
Towards the back of the body
Above or higher in position
Below or lower in position
7. Describe the primary structural characteristics that differentiate
microfilaments from microtubules.
Microfilaments are rigid and plate-like, while microtubules are flexible
and thread-like.
Microfilaments are thin and thread-like, while microtubules are large
and hollow.
, Microfilaments are membrane-bound, while microtubules are free-
floating in the cytoplasm.
Microfilaments are composed of lipids, while microtubules are
composed of proteins.
8. What is the term for the fluid found within the cytoplasm of a cell?
Plasma
Lymph
Cytosol
Nucleoplasm
9. What are the names of the two layers of the dermis?
Stratum corneum and stratum basale
Hypodermis and epidermis
Papillary and reticular layers
Epidermis and dermis
10. What does 'ipsilateral' mean in the context of anatomy?
On the same side of the body
Below another structure
Above another structure
On opposite sides of the body
11. If a drug were to disrupt the formation of microfilaments in a cell, what
cellular processes might be affected?
Cell signaling and communication
, DNA replication and protein synthesis
Energy production and metabolism
Cell movement and shape maintenance
12. Rough ER is involved in
the acceleration during centrifugation
none of the above
protein synthesis and co-translational insertion, protein maturation,
removal of misfolded protein
invagination of the plasma membrane, trapping particles and
internalizing
13. Examine the picture showing the two layers of the dermis, then choose the
correct words to complete this sentence. The papillary layer of the dermis is
made up of __________ , and the reticular layer of the dermis is made up of
__________ .
areolar tissue; reticular connective tissue
dense irregular connective tissue; adipose tissue
Exam Prep
1. Compact bone is composed of repeating units called:
Calcium Phosphate
Osteons
Trabeculae
Compacted Collagen
2. Describe the relationship between the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis in
terms of their functions.
The epidermis is responsible for sensation, the dermis for protection,
and the hypodermis for temperature regulation.
The epidermis and dermis are the same layer, while the hypodermis is
a separate organ.
The epidermis is the deepest layer, the dermis is the outer layer, and
the hypodermis is not involved in skin function.
The epidermis provides a protective barrier, the dermis contains
connective tissues and supports the epidermis, and the hypodermis
anchors the skin to underlying structures.
3. What type of cell is primarily involved in forming the body's tissues and
organs?
Germ cell
Prokaryotic cell
Stem cell
Somatic cell
,4. What is the primary function of cilia in cellular biology?
To store genetic information
To move substances across the cell surface
To provide structural support
To increase surface area
5. What does 'ipsilateral' mean in anatomical terminology?
On the same side of the body
Below another structure
On opposite sides of the body
Above another structure
6. In anatomical terminology, what does the term 'superior' indicate?
Towards the front of the body
Towards the back of the body
Above or higher in position
Below or lower in position
7. Describe the primary structural characteristics that differentiate
microfilaments from microtubules.
Microfilaments are rigid and plate-like, while microtubules are flexible
and thread-like.
Microfilaments are thin and thread-like, while microtubules are large
and hollow.
, Microfilaments are membrane-bound, while microtubules are free-
floating in the cytoplasm.
Microfilaments are composed of lipids, while microtubules are
composed of proteins.
8. What is the term for the fluid found within the cytoplasm of a cell?
Plasma
Lymph
Cytosol
Nucleoplasm
9. What are the names of the two layers of the dermis?
Stratum corneum and stratum basale
Hypodermis and epidermis
Papillary and reticular layers
Epidermis and dermis
10. What does 'ipsilateral' mean in the context of anatomy?
On the same side of the body
Below another structure
Above another structure
On opposite sides of the body
11. If a drug were to disrupt the formation of microfilaments in a cell, what
cellular processes might be affected?
Cell signaling and communication
, DNA replication and protein synthesis
Energy production and metabolism
Cell movement and shape maintenance
12. Rough ER is involved in
the acceleration during centrifugation
none of the above
protein synthesis and co-translational insertion, protein maturation,
removal of misfolded protein
invagination of the plasma membrane, trapping particles and
internalizing
13. Examine the picture showing the two layers of the dermis, then choose the
correct words to complete this sentence. The papillary layer of the dermis is
made up of __________ , and the reticular layer of the dermis is made up of
__________ .
areolar tissue; reticular connective tissue
dense irregular connective tissue; adipose tissue
