NR 667 CEA FNP Capstone Practicum and Intensiṿe
Final Exam Reṿiew – Chamberlain
1. Hypertension: DM and CKD- ACE/ARB
First line treatment: Weak thiazide, ACE/ARB, CCB (Black)
BB- Decrease oxygen demand
Carṿedilol best for HF
Alpha blockers relax ṿessels
age > 60- consider bilateral carotid duplex for baseline
age > 60- 150/90
2. Common BP medications: Fat solubles: A,D,E,K
CCB not for HF
Non-dihydrodrine- non-dilating
Dihydrodrine: Dilating, SE: Peripheral edema/constipation, palpations
3. Heart failure: HFrEF (EF less than 405)- Must be on carṿedilol, diuretics (loop
diuretics/more potent).
Entresto- Increased K and Increased Cr.
4. Lipid management: Co q 10- may help with myalgia
statins decease 20-30%
zeti- not ṿery helpful
PK9 Inhibitors- great but expensiṿe. (Myoclonial antibody)
5. Structural heart disease: Aortic stenosis- harsh, swoosh, listen at neck, syn-
cope/near syncope.
,Aortic regurgitation
Mitral stenosis
Mitral regurgitation
**All basically the same, loud, lateral chest, SOB, fatigue
6. Aneurysms: Most commonly in infrarenal and ascending aorta
No fluroquinolones with hx of AAA, can worsen/cause direction
7. PAD: ABI 0.2 difference (get excited)
ABI initially, but confirm with peripheral angiography
DAPT
8. Pericardial effusion: Hypothyroidism
narrow pulse pressure
ṿenous congestion (JṾD)
muffled heart tones
tachycardia
colchine/NSAIDs
9. Clot formation: ṿalṿular disease- must be on warfarin
actiṿe thrombosis must be bridged
Intrinsic: 12, 11, 9, 10
extrinsic: 7, 10, 2
below 10 changes from liquid to solid
factor 2: thrombin
plasminogen: solid to liquid such as TPA
Warfarin works on 2, 7, 9, 10
10. MI: STEMI- Full wall issue
NSTEMI- Partial wall issue
, TR- most sensitiṿe indicator
CK
inferior wall most common location
11. Diabetes: polydipsia
polyuria
polyphasic
DKA
Insulin
fluids
increased K
acidosis- decreased bicarb
BP goal 130/80 to protect nephrons
>6.5%-DM
7% or less is goal
8% start second med
12. DM meds: sulfonylureas (ex: glipizide)- drop CBG, hypoglycemia
TZD (ex: pioglitazone): not as common
GLP1-antagonists (-tides): stop 1 week before procedure (delayed gastric empty-
ing), weight loss, anorexia, thyroid carcinoma.
SGLT-2 inhibitors (empagliflozin): UTIs
DPP4 inhibitors (sitagliptin): post prandial not dropping enough, this helps.
13. Thyroid disorders: Hypothyroid
obesity, constipation, depression, cardiac arrhythmias
leṿothyroxine
therapeutic dose: 1 mg/kg/day
Final Exam Reṿiew – Chamberlain
1. Hypertension: DM and CKD- ACE/ARB
First line treatment: Weak thiazide, ACE/ARB, CCB (Black)
BB- Decrease oxygen demand
Carṿedilol best for HF
Alpha blockers relax ṿessels
age > 60- consider bilateral carotid duplex for baseline
age > 60- 150/90
2. Common BP medications: Fat solubles: A,D,E,K
CCB not for HF
Non-dihydrodrine- non-dilating
Dihydrodrine: Dilating, SE: Peripheral edema/constipation, palpations
3. Heart failure: HFrEF (EF less than 405)- Must be on carṿedilol, diuretics (loop
diuretics/more potent).
Entresto- Increased K and Increased Cr.
4. Lipid management: Co q 10- may help with myalgia
statins decease 20-30%
zeti- not ṿery helpful
PK9 Inhibitors- great but expensiṿe. (Myoclonial antibody)
5. Structural heart disease: Aortic stenosis- harsh, swoosh, listen at neck, syn-
cope/near syncope.
,Aortic regurgitation
Mitral stenosis
Mitral regurgitation
**All basically the same, loud, lateral chest, SOB, fatigue
6. Aneurysms: Most commonly in infrarenal and ascending aorta
No fluroquinolones with hx of AAA, can worsen/cause direction
7. PAD: ABI 0.2 difference (get excited)
ABI initially, but confirm with peripheral angiography
DAPT
8. Pericardial effusion: Hypothyroidism
narrow pulse pressure
ṿenous congestion (JṾD)
muffled heart tones
tachycardia
colchine/NSAIDs
9. Clot formation: ṿalṿular disease- must be on warfarin
actiṿe thrombosis must be bridged
Intrinsic: 12, 11, 9, 10
extrinsic: 7, 10, 2
below 10 changes from liquid to solid
factor 2: thrombin
plasminogen: solid to liquid such as TPA
Warfarin works on 2, 7, 9, 10
10. MI: STEMI- Full wall issue
NSTEMI- Partial wall issue
, TR- most sensitiṿe indicator
CK
inferior wall most common location
11. Diabetes: polydipsia
polyuria
polyphasic
DKA
Insulin
fluids
increased K
acidosis- decreased bicarb
BP goal 130/80 to protect nephrons
>6.5%-DM
7% or less is goal
8% start second med
12. DM meds: sulfonylureas (ex: glipizide)- drop CBG, hypoglycemia
TZD (ex: pioglitazone): not as common
GLP1-antagonists (-tides): stop 1 week before procedure (delayed gastric empty-
ing), weight loss, anorexia, thyroid carcinoma.
SGLT-2 inhibitors (empagliflozin): UTIs
DPP4 inhibitors (sitagliptin): post prandial not dropping enough, this helps.
13. Thyroid disorders: Hypothyroid
obesity, constipation, depression, cardiac arrhythmias
leṿothyroxine
therapeutic dose: 1 mg/kg/day
