NSG 3600 Peds Exam 2 Practice Test 2026 | Verified
Answers | Exam Prep
1. If a pediatric patient is diagnosed with a congenital heart defect that impairs
oxygen delivery, what clinical symptoms might you expect to observe?
Normal heart sounds and stable oxygen levels
Increased appetite and weight gain
Cyanosis and difficulty breathing
Frequent headaches and dizziness
2. Some children with tetralogy of fallot experience "tet spells", which are:
Prolonged staring episodes followed by a post-ictal state
Characterized by mild circumoral cyanosis and tachypnea
Serious and potentially life-threatening spells characterized by
profound cyanosis
Brief periods of activity intolerance
3. Describe why monitoring heart rate is particularly important in the context of
pediatric cardiac conditions.
Monitoring heart rate is less important than monitoring blood
pressure.
Monitoring heart rate is crucial as it helps identify changes in heart
function and the impact of medications.
Monitoring heart rate is only important for adults with heart disease.
Monitoring heart rate is primarily for assessing physical fitness.
,4. What is the anatomical abnormality in Transposition of the Great Arteries?
The aorta and pulmonary artery are both connected to the left side.
The aorta is absent and the pulmonary artery is enlarged.
The aorta arises from the left side and the pulmonary artery from the
right.
The aorta arises from the right side and the pulmonary artery arises
from the left.
5. What is one of the four associated conditions in Tetralogy of Fallot?
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
Pulmonary Atresia
Mitral Valve Prolapse
6. Describe the role of reducing stressful situations in the management of
pulmonic stenosis.
Reducing stressful situations is only relevant for adults, not children.
Reducing stressful situations helps minimize the strain on the heart
and improve overall patient well-being.
Reducing stressful situations is a temporary measure that does not
affect treatment outcomes.
Reducing stressful situations has no impact on heart conditions.
7. If a pediatric patient presents with fever and arthritis, how would the Jones
criteria assist in determining the diagnosis?
The Jones criteria would rule out any cardiac condition.
, The Jones criteria would help confirm a diagnosis of Rheumatic
Fever if additional symptoms are present.
The Jones criteria would indicate a diagnosis of Kawasaki's Disease.
The Jones criteria would suggest a need for immediate surgery.
8. The nurse is admitting a child with rheumatic fever. Which therapeutic
management should the nurse expect to implement?
Administering corticosteroids if chorea develops
Administering penicillin
Imposing strict bed rest for 4 to 6 weeks
Avoiding salicylates (aspirin)
9. A pediatric patient with tricuspid atresia presents without an ASD or VSD.
What immediate action should be taken to manage their condition
effectively?
Keep the PDA open with medications
Schedule an elective surgery for valve replacement
Prepare for immediate heart transplantation
Initiate a regimen of diuretics
10. A pediatric patient presents with symptoms suggestive of Cystic Fibrosis. If
the sweat chloride test results are normal, what would be the next
appropriate diagnostic step?
Genetic testing
Chest x-ray
Pulmonary function test
, Stool fat analysis
11. What are the two options for treatment for coarctation of the aorta?
long segment stenosis and cardiac catheterization
balloon angioplasty and pharmacological tx
surgical repair and balloon angioplasty
short segment stenosis and patch placement
12. What are the three main components of therapeutic management for
pediatric cardiac conditions?
Physical therapy, dietary changes, and medication
Medication, surgical interventions, and lifestyle modifications
Surgical interventions, counseling, and exercise programs
Medication, alternative therapies, and rest
13. If a pediatric patient with Cystic Fibrosis presents with increased respiratory
distress, what complications should be assessed?
Bacterial colonization and lung tissue destruction
Decreased mucus production
Improved oxygen exchange
Increased lung capacity
14. Describe how the defect in Truncus Arteriosus affects blood circulation in
the heart.
The defect leads to blood mixing between the two ventricles.
The defect results in increased oxygenation of blood.
Answers | Exam Prep
1. If a pediatric patient is diagnosed with a congenital heart defect that impairs
oxygen delivery, what clinical symptoms might you expect to observe?
Normal heart sounds and stable oxygen levels
Increased appetite and weight gain
Cyanosis and difficulty breathing
Frequent headaches and dizziness
2. Some children with tetralogy of fallot experience "tet spells", which are:
Prolonged staring episodes followed by a post-ictal state
Characterized by mild circumoral cyanosis and tachypnea
Serious and potentially life-threatening spells characterized by
profound cyanosis
Brief periods of activity intolerance
3. Describe why monitoring heart rate is particularly important in the context of
pediatric cardiac conditions.
Monitoring heart rate is less important than monitoring blood
pressure.
Monitoring heart rate is crucial as it helps identify changes in heart
function and the impact of medications.
Monitoring heart rate is only important for adults with heart disease.
Monitoring heart rate is primarily for assessing physical fitness.
,4. What is the anatomical abnormality in Transposition of the Great Arteries?
The aorta and pulmonary artery are both connected to the left side.
The aorta is absent and the pulmonary artery is enlarged.
The aorta arises from the left side and the pulmonary artery from the
right.
The aorta arises from the right side and the pulmonary artery arises
from the left.
5. What is one of the four associated conditions in Tetralogy of Fallot?
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
Pulmonary Atresia
Mitral Valve Prolapse
6. Describe the role of reducing stressful situations in the management of
pulmonic stenosis.
Reducing stressful situations is only relevant for adults, not children.
Reducing stressful situations helps minimize the strain on the heart
and improve overall patient well-being.
Reducing stressful situations is a temporary measure that does not
affect treatment outcomes.
Reducing stressful situations has no impact on heart conditions.
7. If a pediatric patient presents with fever and arthritis, how would the Jones
criteria assist in determining the diagnosis?
The Jones criteria would rule out any cardiac condition.
, The Jones criteria would help confirm a diagnosis of Rheumatic
Fever if additional symptoms are present.
The Jones criteria would indicate a diagnosis of Kawasaki's Disease.
The Jones criteria would suggest a need for immediate surgery.
8. The nurse is admitting a child with rheumatic fever. Which therapeutic
management should the nurse expect to implement?
Administering corticosteroids if chorea develops
Administering penicillin
Imposing strict bed rest for 4 to 6 weeks
Avoiding salicylates (aspirin)
9. A pediatric patient with tricuspid atresia presents without an ASD or VSD.
What immediate action should be taken to manage their condition
effectively?
Keep the PDA open with medications
Schedule an elective surgery for valve replacement
Prepare for immediate heart transplantation
Initiate a regimen of diuretics
10. A pediatric patient presents with symptoms suggestive of Cystic Fibrosis. If
the sweat chloride test results are normal, what would be the next
appropriate diagnostic step?
Genetic testing
Chest x-ray
Pulmonary function test
, Stool fat analysis
11. What are the two options for treatment for coarctation of the aorta?
long segment stenosis and cardiac catheterization
balloon angioplasty and pharmacological tx
surgical repair and balloon angioplasty
short segment stenosis and patch placement
12. What are the three main components of therapeutic management for
pediatric cardiac conditions?
Physical therapy, dietary changes, and medication
Medication, surgical interventions, and lifestyle modifications
Surgical interventions, counseling, and exercise programs
Medication, alternative therapies, and rest
13. If a pediatric patient with Cystic Fibrosis presents with increased respiratory
distress, what complications should be assessed?
Bacterial colonization and lung tissue destruction
Decreased mucus production
Improved oxygen exchange
Increased lung capacity
14. Describe how the defect in Truncus Arteriosus affects blood circulation in
the heart.
The defect leads to blood mixing between the two ventricles.
The defect results in increased oxygenation of blood.
