ATLS Chapter review (Latest 2026/ 2027
Update) 11th Edition Test Bank Questions
& Answers (Verified Answers) Complete
A+
What is the difference between burns and other injuries? - correct answer The biggest
difference is that the consequences of burn injury are directly linked to the extent of
the inflammatory response to the injury. The larger and deeper the burn, the worse the
inflammation.
Flame injury is more evident than most chemical injuries. - correct answer Monitor IV
lines closely to ensure they do not become dislodged as the patient becomes more
edematous. Regularly check ties securing ET or NG to ensure they are not too tight.
Factors that increase the risk of upper airway obstruction are: - correct answer
increasing burn size and depth, burns to the head and face, inhalation injury,
associated trauma, and burns inside the mouth. Airway can become obstructed form
direct injury such as inhalation injury, but also from massive edema resulting from
burn injury.
How do you decontaminate burn areas? - correct answer Completely remove the
patient's clothing to stop burning process, but do not peel off adherent clothing.
Synthetic fabrics can ignite, burn rapidly at high temps and melt into hot residue that
,continues to burn the patient. brush any dry chemical powder from wound. rinse with
copious amounts of warm saline irrigation or rinsing in a warm shower. once the
burning process has been stopped, cover the patient with warm, clean, dry linens to
prevent hypothermia.
hoarseness, stridor, accessory respiratory muscle use, sternal retraction are signs of
what? - correct answer airway obstruction. Clinical manifestations of inhalation injury
may be subtle and may not show up within the first 24 hours. do not wait for the xray
to show evidence of pulmonary injury or changes in blood gas because airway edema
can preclude intubation and a surgical airway will be required.
A carboxyhemoglobin level greater than what percentage indicates a patient was
involved in a fire and has inhalation injury? - correct answer 10%
Indications for early intubation in burn patients: - correct answer full thickness
circumferential neck burns, signs of airway obstruction, extent of the burn > 40%,
burns inside the mouth, difficulty clearing secretions or swallowing, decreased level of
consciousness,
Patient with inhalation injury are at risk for bronchial obstruction from secretions and
debris and they may require bronchoscopy. - correct answer Make sure to place an
adequately sized airway tube
,Direct thermal injury to the lower airway is very rare and essentially occurs only after
exposure to superheated steam or ignition of inhaled inflammable gases. Breathing
concerns arise from what 3 general causes: - correct answer hypoxia, carbon
monoxide poisoning, and smoke inhalation injury.
Always assume CO exposure in patients who were burned in enclosed areas. Patients
with CO levels less than 20% may not show any symptoms - correct answer HA and
nausea (20-30%), confusion (30-40%), coma (40-60%) and death (>60%). Cherry red
skin color in patients may only be seen in moribund patients.
Measurements of arterial PaO2 do not reliably predict CO poisoning b/c a partial
pressure of only 1 mm Hg results in an HbCO level of 40% or greater. Pulse ox cannot
be relied on to rule out carbon monoxide poisoning b/c we cant distinguish
oxyhemoglobin from carboxyhemoglobin. A discrepancy between pulse ox and arterial
blood gas may be explained by presence of carboxyhemoglobin.
Cyanide inhalation poisoning can occur in confined spaces and sign of potential toxicity
is persistent profound unexplained metabolic acidosis. - correct answer THERE IS NO
ROLE for hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the primary resuscitation of a patient with
critical burn injury.
, American Burn Association states 2 requirements for diagnosis of smoke inhalation
injury: - correct answer 1. exposure to combustible agent
2. signs of exposure to smoke in the lower airway, below the vocal cords, seen on
bronchoscopy.
A chest Xray and arterial blood gases should be ordered to evaluate the pulmonary
status of a patient with smoke inhalation injury, but normal values on admission DO
NOT exclude an inhalation injury.
The treatment of smoke inhalation injury is supportive. - correct answer Any patient
with smoke inhalation injury and significant burns greater than 20% TBSA should be
intubated. IF the patient's hemodynamic condition permits and spinal injury has been
excluded, elevate the patient's head and chest 30 degrees to help reduce neck and
chest wall edema.
True or false: Clinicians should provide burn resuscitation fluids for deep partial and
full thickness burns larger than 20% TBSA - correct answer True. urine output
monitoring is 0.5mL/kg/hr in adults and should be maintained at 30-50cc/hr to
minimize over resuscitation
in a burn patient, cardiac dysrhytmias may be the first sign of hypoxia and electrolyte
or acid base abnormalities. - correct answer therefore an ECG should be performed
Update) 11th Edition Test Bank Questions
& Answers (Verified Answers) Complete
A+
What is the difference between burns and other injuries? - correct answer The biggest
difference is that the consequences of burn injury are directly linked to the extent of
the inflammatory response to the injury. The larger and deeper the burn, the worse the
inflammation.
Flame injury is more evident than most chemical injuries. - correct answer Monitor IV
lines closely to ensure they do not become dislodged as the patient becomes more
edematous. Regularly check ties securing ET or NG to ensure they are not too tight.
Factors that increase the risk of upper airway obstruction are: - correct answer
increasing burn size and depth, burns to the head and face, inhalation injury,
associated trauma, and burns inside the mouth. Airway can become obstructed form
direct injury such as inhalation injury, but also from massive edema resulting from
burn injury.
How do you decontaminate burn areas? - correct answer Completely remove the
patient's clothing to stop burning process, but do not peel off adherent clothing.
Synthetic fabrics can ignite, burn rapidly at high temps and melt into hot residue that
,continues to burn the patient. brush any dry chemical powder from wound. rinse with
copious amounts of warm saline irrigation or rinsing in a warm shower. once the
burning process has been stopped, cover the patient with warm, clean, dry linens to
prevent hypothermia.
hoarseness, stridor, accessory respiratory muscle use, sternal retraction are signs of
what? - correct answer airway obstruction. Clinical manifestations of inhalation injury
may be subtle and may not show up within the first 24 hours. do not wait for the xray
to show evidence of pulmonary injury or changes in blood gas because airway edema
can preclude intubation and a surgical airway will be required.
A carboxyhemoglobin level greater than what percentage indicates a patient was
involved in a fire and has inhalation injury? - correct answer 10%
Indications for early intubation in burn patients: - correct answer full thickness
circumferential neck burns, signs of airway obstruction, extent of the burn > 40%,
burns inside the mouth, difficulty clearing secretions or swallowing, decreased level of
consciousness,
Patient with inhalation injury are at risk for bronchial obstruction from secretions and
debris and they may require bronchoscopy. - correct answer Make sure to place an
adequately sized airway tube
,Direct thermal injury to the lower airway is very rare and essentially occurs only after
exposure to superheated steam or ignition of inhaled inflammable gases. Breathing
concerns arise from what 3 general causes: - correct answer hypoxia, carbon
monoxide poisoning, and smoke inhalation injury.
Always assume CO exposure in patients who were burned in enclosed areas. Patients
with CO levels less than 20% may not show any symptoms - correct answer HA and
nausea (20-30%), confusion (30-40%), coma (40-60%) and death (>60%). Cherry red
skin color in patients may only be seen in moribund patients.
Measurements of arterial PaO2 do not reliably predict CO poisoning b/c a partial
pressure of only 1 mm Hg results in an HbCO level of 40% or greater. Pulse ox cannot
be relied on to rule out carbon monoxide poisoning b/c we cant distinguish
oxyhemoglobin from carboxyhemoglobin. A discrepancy between pulse ox and arterial
blood gas may be explained by presence of carboxyhemoglobin.
Cyanide inhalation poisoning can occur in confined spaces and sign of potential toxicity
is persistent profound unexplained metabolic acidosis. - correct answer THERE IS NO
ROLE for hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the primary resuscitation of a patient with
critical burn injury.
, American Burn Association states 2 requirements for diagnosis of smoke inhalation
injury: - correct answer 1. exposure to combustible agent
2. signs of exposure to smoke in the lower airway, below the vocal cords, seen on
bronchoscopy.
A chest Xray and arterial blood gases should be ordered to evaluate the pulmonary
status of a patient with smoke inhalation injury, but normal values on admission DO
NOT exclude an inhalation injury.
The treatment of smoke inhalation injury is supportive. - correct answer Any patient
with smoke inhalation injury and significant burns greater than 20% TBSA should be
intubated. IF the patient's hemodynamic condition permits and spinal injury has been
excluded, elevate the patient's head and chest 30 degrees to help reduce neck and
chest wall edema.
True or false: Clinicians should provide burn resuscitation fluids for deep partial and
full thickness burns larger than 20% TBSA - correct answer True. urine output
monitoring is 0.5mL/kg/hr in adults and should be maintained at 30-50cc/hr to
minimize over resuscitation
in a burn patient, cardiac dysrhytmias may be the first sign of hypoxia and electrolyte
or acid base abnormalities. - correct answer therefore an ECG should be performed
