WGU D027 Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations Exam Prep
WGU D027 ADVANCED PATHOPHARMACOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS
EXAM PREP NEWEST 2026/2027 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 400
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW VERSION!!
What is Fragile X syndrome (FXS)?
- A genetic condition inherited from parents which results in various
developmental problems
- Rare, but may be dangerous or life-threatening
- Present at birth and is a lifelong condition
- Rarely requires lab testing or imaging
- Often linked to autism (1/3 do have autism)
- X-linked disorder
Since Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is an X-linked disorder, does a specific gender have
a greater risk?
- Often, females are carriers and males are affected
- However, both males and females can be carriers, and both can be affected by
the condition
- Usually milder in females
How did Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) get its name?
- The gene Fragile X (the FMR1 gene) is on the X syndrome
- Mutation of the FMR1 gene
1|Page
, WGU D027 Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations Exam Prep
What is the difference between Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome
(FXTAS) and Fragile X Syndrome (FXS)?
- Both caused by mutations on the FMR1 gene, but they are caused by different
changes in this gene
- FXS is caused by a full mutation
- FXTAS is a premutation
- FXS is present at birth, but display these features in early life
- FXTAS develops in adulthood (usually after age 50) and the symptoms may
appear slowly and develop over the years
- FXTAS individuals are usually healthy with normal cognitive skills prior to the
onset
How is Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS) diagnosed?
- Being a FMR1 premutation carrier
- The appearance of neurological features such as ataxia (balance problems),
tremors, and other symptoms
- MRI findings (changes in the brain)
What is Prader-Willie Syndrome?
- Genetic disorder that affects many parts of the body and their growth
- Causes mental and behavioral problems
- Can be dangerous or life threatening if untreated
- Combination of contraceptives contraindicated in breast feeding
- More common in females
- Confirmed from laboratory findings
What is the cause of Prader-Willi Syndrome?
- Depletion of chromosome 15 from father
- Missing or non-working genes on chromosome 15 (15q11-q13)
2|Page
, WGU D027 Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations Exam Prep
- Most cases are not inherited and occur randomly
- Depletion of genes (genes from the region are missing)
- Uniparental disomy - both chromosomes are inherited from the mother
- Imprinting mutation - genes on the paternal chromosome is inactive
What does Prader-Willi Syndrome do to the body?
- Caused the hypothalamus to malfunction (the area of the brain that affects
hunger, thirst, sex and growth hormones)
- In infancy, an individual does not meet development milestones suck as sitting
up and walking
- Their eyes lack coordination
What is a key feature of Prader-Willi Syndrome?
- A constant sense of hunger that usually begins around 2 years of age
- People with Prader-Willi Syndrome want to eat constantly because they never
feel full
What are some symptoms in infants with Prader-Willi Syndrome?
- Hypotonia with floppy structure and poor muscle tone
- Distinct facial features affecting the shape and size of eyes, lips, forehead, etc.
- Poor sucking ability making it difficult to feed
- Always lethargic and poor responsiveness
- Underdeveloped genitals
What is celiac disease?
- Autoimmune disease
- Damages to the small intestinal epithelium when there is ingestion of gluten
- Loss of mucosal surface and brush border enzymes leads to severe
malabsorption that is more pronounced in the duodenum and jejunum
3|Page
, WGU D027 Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations Exam Prep
What strong genetic disposition does celiac disease have?
- Human leukocyte antigen DQ2 (HLA-DQ2) and HLA-DQ5
What test is recommended for celiac disease?
- IgA-tTG
- Total IgA
- Simple, inexpensive, widely available, typically covered by insurance, and is very
accurate in untreated celiac disease
What are the recommended tests for celiac disease?
- Total IgA
- IgA-tTg
- IgA-EMA
- If IgA is deficient, it is recommended that IgG/IgA-DGP also be ordered
What are diagnostic methods of celiac disease?
- Serologic measurements of antiendomysial and antitrandsglutaminase IgA
antibodies and HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8
- Duodenal biopsy
Why is it important to remain on a normal, gluten-containing diet prior to testing
for celiac disease?
- Alter the results of the test
- If the blood tests and symptoms indicate the disease, a physician will likely
suggest a biopsy for the lining of the small intestine to confirm the diagnosis
Which part of the bowels is more affected by celiac disease?
4|Page
WGU D027 ADVANCED PATHOPHARMACOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS
EXAM PREP NEWEST 2026/2027 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 400
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW VERSION!!
What is Fragile X syndrome (FXS)?
- A genetic condition inherited from parents which results in various
developmental problems
- Rare, but may be dangerous or life-threatening
- Present at birth and is a lifelong condition
- Rarely requires lab testing or imaging
- Often linked to autism (1/3 do have autism)
- X-linked disorder
Since Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is an X-linked disorder, does a specific gender have
a greater risk?
- Often, females are carriers and males are affected
- However, both males and females can be carriers, and both can be affected by
the condition
- Usually milder in females
How did Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) get its name?
- The gene Fragile X (the FMR1 gene) is on the X syndrome
- Mutation of the FMR1 gene
1|Page
, WGU D027 Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations Exam Prep
What is the difference between Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome
(FXTAS) and Fragile X Syndrome (FXS)?
- Both caused by mutations on the FMR1 gene, but they are caused by different
changes in this gene
- FXS is caused by a full mutation
- FXTAS is a premutation
- FXS is present at birth, but display these features in early life
- FXTAS develops in adulthood (usually after age 50) and the symptoms may
appear slowly and develop over the years
- FXTAS individuals are usually healthy with normal cognitive skills prior to the
onset
How is Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS) diagnosed?
- Being a FMR1 premutation carrier
- The appearance of neurological features such as ataxia (balance problems),
tremors, and other symptoms
- MRI findings (changes in the brain)
What is Prader-Willie Syndrome?
- Genetic disorder that affects many parts of the body and their growth
- Causes mental and behavioral problems
- Can be dangerous or life threatening if untreated
- Combination of contraceptives contraindicated in breast feeding
- More common in females
- Confirmed from laboratory findings
What is the cause of Prader-Willi Syndrome?
- Depletion of chromosome 15 from father
- Missing or non-working genes on chromosome 15 (15q11-q13)
2|Page
, WGU D027 Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations Exam Prep
- Most cases are not inherited and occur randomly
- Depletion of genes (genes from the region are missing)
- Uniparental disomy - both chromosomes are inherited from the mother
- Imprinting mutation - genes on the paternal chromosome is inactive
What does Prader-Willi Syndrome do to the body?
- Caused the hypothalamus to malfunction (the area of the brain that affects
hunger, thirst, sex and growth hormones)
- In infancy, an individual does not meet development milestones suck as sitting
up and walking
- Their eyes lack coordination
What is a key feature of Prader-Willi Syndrome?
- A constant sense of hunger that usually begins around 2 years of age
- People with Prader-Willi Syndrome want to eat constantly because they never
feel full
What are some symptoms in infants with Prader-Willi Syndrome?
- Hypotonia with floppy structure and poor muscle tone
- Distinct facial features affecting the shape and size of eyes, lips, forehead, etc.
- Poor sucking ability making it difficult to feed
- Always lethargic and poor responsiveness
- Underdeveloped genitals
What is celiac disease?
- Autoimmune disease
- Damages to the small intestinal epithelium when there is ingestion of gluten
- Loss of mucosal surface and brush border enzymes leads to severe
malabsorption that is more pronounced in the duodenum and jejunum
3|Page
, WGU D027 Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations Exam Prep
What strong genetic disposition does celiac disease have?
- Human leukocyte antigen DQ2 (HLA-DQ2) and HLA-DQ5
What test is recommended for celiac disease?
- IgA-tTG
- Total IgA
- Simple, inexpensive, widely available, typically covered by insurance, and is very
accurate in untreated celiac disease
What are the recommended tests for celiac disease?
- Total IgA
- IgA-tTg
- IgA-EMA
- If IgA is deficient, it is recommended that IgG/IgA-DGP also be ordered
What are diagnostic methods of celiac disease?
- Serologic measurements of antiendomysial and antitrandsglutaminase IgA
antibodies and HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8
- Duodenal biopsy
Why is it important to remain on a normal, gluten-containing diet prior to testing
for celiac disease?
- Alter the results of the test
- If the blood tests and symptoms indicate the disease, a physician will likely
suggest a biopsy for the lining of the small intestine to confirm the diagnosis
Which part of the bowels is more affected by celiac disease?
4|Page
