MED SURG 170 PROFESSIONAL NURSING
PREP QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
ANSWERS GRADED A+
●● Intraoperative Phase
Answer: Begins with the patient's entry into the operating room and ends
with admittance to the postanesthesia care unite (PACU) or recovery
room
●● Postoperative Phase
Answer: Begins with the patient's admittance to the PACU and ends with
the patient's complete recovery from the surgical intervention
●● Elective Surgery
Answer: Suggested and scheduled, no forseen ill effects if postponed
●● Urgent Surgery
Answer: Necessary to be performed within 1 to 2 days (ASAP)
●● Emergency Surgery
Answer: Performed IMMEDIATELY; life or limb threatening
,●● Ambulatory Admission
Answer: Surgeries are performed that DONT require hospital admission;
Outpatient procedure
●● Same Day Admission
Answer: Admission of surgical patients to the hospital on the day of
surgery
●● Early Admission
Answer: Patient that may have multiple and/or significant comorbidities
are admitted 1 to 2 days prior to surgery to maintain or prepare
●● Diagnostic Surgery
Answer: Surgical exploration that alows health care providers to confirm
diagnoses ex: laparotomy
●● Curative Surgery
Answer: Surgery performed to resolve a health problem by repairing or
removing the cause
• Ex. Lap chole, Mastectomy, Hysterectomy
●● Palliative Surgery
,Answer: Surgery that improves comfort or reduces intensity of disease
symptoms; will not produce cure (ex. colostomy, debridement of
necrotic tissue)
●● Cosmetic Surgery
Answer: Surgeries specific in the surgical restoration and reconstruction
of body structures (ex. rhinoplasty)
●● Reconstructive Surgery
Answer: Surgery performed to improve/restore a client's functional
ability
• Ex. Total knee replacement, Finger reimplantation
●● Neuroendocrine Response
Answer: SNS stimulation (stress response) = compensatory
vasoconstriction
Increased HR and BP (risk for stroke, bleeding)
Decreased Peristalsis (No Bowel Sounds, pain meds not effective)
●● Hormonal Response
Answer: Norepinephrine = increased HR
Aldosterone = increased fluid/Na (decreased UO)
, Glucocorticoids = increased blood sugar
●● Metabolic Response
Answer: Relative rate of starvation
~Gluconeogenesis
~Fat metabolism
~Protein breakdown
~Negative Nitrogen balance
●● Healing
Answer: Adequate protein and Vitamin C
●● Psychological Response
Answer: Anxiety and Fear r/t to cause for surgery and poor coping skills
●● Preoperative Management
Answer: ~Patient Safety is PRIMARY CONCERN
~NPO
~Bowel Prep and Skin Prep
~Pre-Op Labs
~Hospital gown, voiding, removal of dentures, jewelry, contacts, etc.
~Attend to family's needs
PREP QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
ANSWERS GRADED A+
●● Intraoperative Phase
Answer: Begins with the patient's entry into the operating room and ends
with admittance to the postanesthesia care unite (PACU) or recovery
room
●● Postoperative Phase
Answer: Begins with the patient's admittance to the PACU and ends with
the patient's complete recovery from the surgical intervention
●● Elective Surgery
Answer: Suggested and scheduled, no forseen ill effects if postponed
●● Urgent Surgery
Answer: Necessary to be performed within 1 to 2 days (ASAP)
●● Emergency Surgery
Answer: Performed IMMEDIATELY; life or limb threatening
,●● Ambulatory Admission
Answer: Surgeries are performed that DONT require hospital admission;
Outpatient procedure
●● Same Day Admission
Answer: Admission of surgical patients to the hospital on the day of
surgery
●● Early Admission
Answer: Patient that may have multiple and/or significant comorbidities
are admitted 1 to 2 days prior to surgery to maintain or prepare
●● Diagnostic Surgery
Answer: Surgical exploration that alows health care providers to confirm
diagnoses ex: laparotomy
●● Curative Surgery
Answer: Surgery performed to resolve a health problem by repairing or
removing the cause
• Ex. Lap chole, Mastectomy, Hysterectomy
●● Palliative Surgery
,Answer: Surgery that improves comfort or reduces intensity of disease
symptoms; will not produce cure (ex. colostomy, debridement of
necrotic tissue)
●● Cosmetic Surgery
Answer: Surgeries specific in the surgical restoration and reconstruction
of body structures (ex. rhinoplasty)
●● Reconstructive Surgery
Answer: Surgery performed to improve/restore a client's functional
ability
• Ex. Total knee replacement, Finger reimplantation
●● Neuroendocrine Response
Answer: SNS stimulation (stress response) = compensatory
vasoconstriction
Increased HR and BP (risk for stroke, bleeding)
Decreased Peristalsis (No Bowel Sounds, pain meds not effective)
●● Hormonal Response
Answer: Norepinephrine = increased HR
Aldosterone = increased fluid/Na (decreased UO)
, Glucocorticoids = increased blood sugar
●● Metabolic Response
Answer: Relative rate of starvation
~Gluconeogenesis
~Fat metabolism
~Protein breakdown
~Negative Nitrogen balance
●● Healing
Answer: Adequate protein and Vitamin C
●● Psychological Response
Answer: Anxiety and Fear r/t to cause for surgery and poor coping skills
●● Preoperative Management
Answer: ~Patient Safety is PRIMARY CONCERN
~NPO
~Bowel Prep and Skin Prep
~Pre-Op Labs
~Hospital gown, voiding, removal of dentures, jewelry, contacts, etc.
~Attend to family's needs
