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Psychodynamic Approach - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Human behavior is based on
unconscious psychological processes (impulses, desires, motives)
-Early childhood events
Eclectic Approach - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Draw freely from all approaches without
accepting the frameworks behind them
-Goal: more efficient treatment
Behavioral Approach - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Meant to change behavior
-Classical/operant conditioning
-ABA: applied behavioral analysis (autism)
-Positive/negative reinforcement
-Punishment and Reward
Episodic Memory - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅long-term memory of specific experiences or
events, linked to time and place that can be stated
Semantic Memory - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅Common knowledge, not from personal
experience
Working Memory - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅Short/temporary while performing task/learning
Procedural Memory - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅Long-term memory of how to perform different
tasks without consciously thinking about previous experience
Explicit Memory - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅Intentional recollection of long-term memory
Implicit Memory - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅Long-term unconscious memory
,Reframing - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅Identifying thoughts and changing the way they're
viewed
Experimental Group Design - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅Employ scientific methods to test a
hypothesis and control experimental variables in a controlled manner
Locus of Control - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅the tendency for people to assume that they
either have control or do not have control over events and consequences in their lives
Internal Locus - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Control your own fate
-Effort has direct impact on success
External Locus - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-No control of own fate
-Luck or fate
-No connection between effort and success
Assimilation - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Jean Piaget
-Incorporating new ideas into existing ideas
Accommodation - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Jean Piaget
-Concepts/schema are modified or new ones created to accommodate new knowledge
-Relates to how young children integrate new info with things they already know to gain
a better understanding of concepts and other knowledge
Stereotypic Behavior - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Variety of behaviors typical in individuals
who have autism, blindness, etc.
-Ex: flapping hands, swaying side to side, etc.
Early Intervening - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Included in 2004 reauthorization of IDEA
-Allows/encourages schools to provide intervention to struggling services, even before
they've been identified as special education
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Form of behavior modification
that uses shaping techniques (in small steps) to mold a desired behavior or response
-Prompting and reinforcements gradually decrease
-Used commonly with autism, but is used with other disorders too
Manifestation Determination - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Student's inappropriate behavior is
not a result, or manifestation, of his or her disability
-Usually determined in a hearing and is required when a student's behavior violates
school rules and before the school can undertake disciplinary action that might result in
a student's suspension from school.
Secondary Gains - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅Unexpected/unplanned outcomes over the
course of therapy
, Flat Affect - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅No facial expression of emotion
Sensory Impairments - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Affects sensual contact with environment
-Stops normal works of muscular receptions
-Seeing, touching, moving, tasting
Physical Therapy/Physiotherapy - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Rehabilitative treatment of
physical impairment/challenge
-Massage, hydrotherapy, heat, and exercise.
Physical Challenges/Impairment - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅Conditions that affect the ability of
the body to perform normal functions
Developmental Disability - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Originates prior to 18 years
-Indefinitely continuing handicap
-Ex: autism, intellectual, CP, epilepsy, severe learning disabilities
Forensic Psychiatry - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Devoted to legal problems and infractions of
law
-Primarily criminal
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅Civil rights law for people
with disabilities to protect them from discrimination in a wide range of activities
IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅1991 - Any
student with a disability has the right to treatment and free, appropriate education in the
least restrictive environment
Case Study - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Examinations of patients undergoing treatment,
reporting progress of single case/group overtime
FAPE Law - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Component of IDEA - Free and appropriate public
education
-special education/related services designed to meet the individual needs of each
student at no cost
IEP - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-IDEA requires an IEP be developed by a team for each
student receiving special education services
IFSP - Individual Family Service Plan - ANSWER ✅✅✅✅-Like IEP but broader - for
children under 3 and their families
-Specifies services and resources to be provided to the entire family