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Norman's Four (Design) Principles (derived from other principles) -
ANSWER ✔✔1. Functional "visibility" through an obvious "visible"
structure with adequate feedback
2. Design for the intended users (and not yourself)
3. The user must be able to develop good, complete, and unambiguous
cognitive (aka conceptual) model to predict the effects of their actions
,4. Design for Errors (and Slips)
1st heuristic of Norman's four: functional "visibility" through an obvious
"visible" structure with adequate feedback - ANSWER ✔✔This is
also: functional discoverability through obvious
interactive elements and adequate feedback
2nd heuristic of Norman's four: Design for the intended users (and not
yourself) - ANSWER ✔✔a user may not know what a developer
means with a certain picture
3rd heuristic: simple cognitive models. An example? - ANSWER
✔✔the trashcan icon on a mac is a good example. Users need to be
able to make the connection very quickly
4th heuristic: Design for errors and slips - ANSWER ✔✔expect and
try to eliminate or compensate errors.
Error Type 1 is called a..... - ANSWER ✔✔A Slip
What is a slip? - ANSWER ✔✔Slips are common users issues
Hand/eye coordination or basic control of our psychomotor systems
Exacerbated by distraction, speed, attention overload
, Unavoidable by design but need to be anticipated and addressed by the
designer
"To err is human. To forgive: Design"
For example, pressing the power button when you meant to delete
Error Type 2 is called a..... - ANSWER ✔✔Lapse
A lapse is when... - ANSWER ✔✔Lapses are induced by
inconsistencies or lack of good ease of recall
Can be caused by retro and proactive interference in memories
Common Example: "I forgot your name"
Design Example: NIST's need to "chop" a form
Forgot how to format something in microsoft word.
Error type 3 is called a.. - ANSWER ✔✔Mistake
A mistake is when.... - ANSWER ✔✔Mistakes are generated by a
lack of understanding or a
lack of sufficient or correct information
Lack of sufficient or correct information is the responsibility of the
designer in the presentation layer of an interface
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