Test Bank: Alterations of Cardiovascular
Function Disorders Practice Questions +
Lewis's Medical-Surgical Nursing Practice
Questions 2026
A 60-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting chest pain. He is
diagnosed with atherosclerosis. This disease is caused by: - Answer--abnormal
thickening and hardening of vessels
A patient wants to know what causes atherosclerosis. How should the nurse
respond? In general, atherosclerosis is caused by: - Answer--endothelial injury and
inflammation
A staff member asks a nurse what foam cells are. What is the nurse's best
response? Foam cells in a fatty streak are: - Answer--macrophages that engulf
low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
A nurse takes an adult patient's blood pressure and determines it to be normal. What
reading did the nurse obtain? - Answer--systolic pressure less than 120 mm Hg and
diastolic pressure less than 80 mm Hg
Most cases of combined systolic and diastolic hypertension have no known cause
and are documented on the chart as ________ hypertension. - Answer--primary
A 30-year-old Caucasian female was recently diagnosed with primary hypertension.
She reports that she eats fairly well, usually have red meat and potatoes daily. She
also reports that her father has hypertension as well. A nurse determines which of
the following risk factors is most likely associated with this diagnosis? -
Answer--genes
-genetic factors, such as family history of hypertension, are the number one factor in
the development of hypertension
A 65-year-old male presents for a routine checkup. A blood pressure check reveals a
systolic pressure of 160 mm Hg and a diastolic pressure of 70 mm Hg. Which of the
following is the most likely cause of this type of pressure elevation? - Answer--rigidity
of the aorta
-older adults experience stiffening of the arteries, which could lead to hypertension
, A 52-year-old male is diagnosed with primary hypertension. He has no other health
problems. Present treatment would cause the nurse to anticipate administering
which drug to the patient? - Answer--a diuretic
-diuretics have been shown to be the safest and most effective medications for
lowering blood pressure and preventing the cardiovascular complications of
hypertension
A 55-year-old female has undiagnosed hypertension. She presents to her primary
care provider reporting impaired vision and chronic edema. Lab tests reveal that she
also has renal insufficiency. While planning care, the nurse realizes the most likely
cause for these findings is: - Answer--end-organ damage
-the patient is experiencing end-organ damage, as indicated by renal insufficiency
A nurse monitors the patient for ______ when rapid onset of malignant hypertension
results. - Answer--encephalopathy
-malignant hypertension leads to cerebral edema and cerebral dysfunction
(encephalopathy) and even death
When a nurse checks the patient for orthostatic hypotension, what did the nurse
have the patient do? - Answer--stand up
-orthostatic hypertension refers to a drop in blood pressure when standing up
A 50-year-old male is diagnosed with orthostatic hypotension. Which of the following
symptoms would he most likely experience? - Answer--syncope and fainting
-orthostatic hypotension if often accompanied by dizziness, blurring or loss of vision,
and syncope or fainting
A 65-year-old female presents to the emergency department reporting difficulty
swallowing and shortness of breath. A CT scan would most likely reveal an
aneurysm in the: - Answer--thoracic aorta
-thoracic aortic aneurysms can cause dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) and dyspnea
(breathlessness)
A 60-year-old male is diagnosed with a cerebral aneurysm. Where does the nurse
suspect the cerebral aneurysms is located? - Answer--circle of willis
-cerebral aneurysms often occur in the circle of willis
What term should the nurse document for a detached blood clot? -
Answer--thromboembolus
A 32-year-old female presents with lower leg pain, with swelling and redness. While
obtaining the patient's history, which finding could have caused her condition? -
Answer--venous thrombus
Function Disorders Practice Questions +
Lewis's Medical-Surgical Nursing Practice
Questions 2026
A 60-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting chest pain. He is
diagnosed with atherosclerosis. This disease is caused by: - Answer--abnormal
thickening and hardening of vessels
A patient wants to know what causes atherosclerosis. How should the nurse
respond? In general, atherosclerosis is caused by: - Answer--endothelial injury and
inflammation
A staff member asks a nurse what foam cells are. What is the nurse's best
response? Foam cells in a fatty streak are: - Answer--macrophages that engulf
low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
A nurse takes an adult patient's blood pressure and determines it to be normal. What
reading did the nurse obtain? - Answer--systolic pressure less than 120 mm Hg and
diastolic pressure less than 80 mm Hg
Most cases of combined systolic and diastolic hypertension have no known cause
and are documented on the chart as ________ hypertension. - Answer--primary
A 30-year-old Caucasian female was recently diagnosed with primary hypertension.
She reports that she eats fairly well, usually have red meat and potatoes daily. She
also reports that her father has hypertension as well. A nurse determines which of
the following risk factors is most likely associated with this diagnosis? -
Answer--genes
-genetic factors, such as family history of hypertension, are the number one factor in
the development of hypertension
A 65-year-old male presents for a routine checkup. A blood pressure check reveals a
systolic pressure of 160 mm Hg and a diastolic pressure of 70 mm Hg. Which of the
following is the most likely cause of this type of pressure elevation? - Answer--rigidity
of the aorta
-older adults experience stiffening of the arteries, which could lead to hypertension
, A 52-year-old male is diagnosed with primary hypertension. He has no other health
problems. Present treatment would cause the nurse to anticipate administering
which drug to the patient? - Answer--a diuretic
-diuretics have been shown to be the safest and most effective medications for
lowering blood pressure and preventing the cardiovascular complications of
hypertension
A 55-year-old female has undiagnosed hypertension. She presents to her primary
care provider reporting impaired vision and chronic edema. Lab tests reveal that she
also has renal insufficiency. While planning care, the nurse realizes the most likely
cause for these findings is: - Answer--end-organ damage
-the patient is experiencing end-organ damage, as indicated by renal insufficiency
A nurse monitors the patient for ______ when rapid onset of malignant hypertension
results. - Answer--encephalopathy
-malignant hypertension leads to cerebral edema and cerebral dysfunction
(encephalopathy) and even death
When a nurse checks the patient for orthostatic hypotension, what did the nurse
have the patient do? - Answer--stand up
-orthostatic hypertension refers to a drop in blood pressure when standing up
A 50-year-old male is diagnosed with orthostatic hypotension. Which of the following
symptoms would he most likely experience? - Answer--syncope and fainting
-orthostatic hypotension if often accompanied by dizziness, blurring or loss of vision,
and syncope or fainting
A 65-year-old female presents to the emergency department reporting difficulty
swallowing and shortness of breath. A CT scan would most likely reveal an
aneurysm in the: - Answer--thoracic aorta
-thoracic aortic aneurysms can cause dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) and dyspnea
(breathlessness)
A 60-year-old male is diagnosed with a cerebral aneurysm. Where does the nurse
suspect the cerebral aneurysms is located? - Answer--circle of willis
-cerebral aneurysms often occur in the circle of willis
What term should the nurse document for a detached blood clot? -
Answer--thromboembolus
A 32-year-old female presents with lower leg pain, with swelling and redness. While
obtaining the patient's history, which finding could have caused her condition? -
Answer--venous thrombus
