MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING PRACTICE
TEST 2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉what is myopia? Answer: near/short sightedness, close is clear, far
is blurry
-usual starts in puberty and gets worse untill eye is fully grown. also
in very young children.
◉conditions associated with myopia? Answer: squint- childhood
eyes point in diff. directions.
lazy eyechildhood, one eye. doesnt develop properly
glaucoma - IOC pressure.
cataracts - develpoment of cloudy atches inside lense.
Retinal detachment - wherby retina pulls awat from the blood vessel
that nourish it
◉What is astigmatism? Answer: Failure to converge image at one
point on the fovea (likea refraction rather than focusing)
,◉Causes of astigmatism? Answer: -Hereditary - corneal or
lenticular
-Injuries to the cornea, such as infection that scars the cornea
keratoconus & kertoglobus - causes bulgin, thinner and shape
change.
Some conditions of the eyelid
others that affect cornea or lense
◉What is presbyopia? Answer: gradual loss of your eyes' ability to
focus on nearby objects. It's a natural part of aging 40-65yrs
◉Aetiology of bacterial conjunctivitis? Answer: S.Aureus, Sterp.
Pneumo or H.flu
also STIs chlamydia trachromatis, N.gonnorheae
◉what is opthalmia neonatorum? Answer: chlamydia or
gonorrheae infection from infected birth canal affecting 20-40%
◉What is Episcleritis ? Answer: Inflamationof localiased superficial
episclera vascular network, most commonly diffuse (moderate to
sever inflam @1-3 month intervals)
-Nodular/focal episcleritis (can often present with associated
systemic disease)
,◉What are the classification of Allergic conjunctivitis? Answer: type
1 hypersensitivity - seasonal (SAC)
perrenial - chronic (PAC)
Atopic - relates to eczema and athsma
gaint pappilary (GPC)
Limbal and tarsal kertaoconjuctivitis (VKC)
◉What is gaint pappilary Allergica conjunctivitis Answer: inner
lining of the eyelid swells and develops small bumps. Known as
papillae, these bumps tend to form after chronic irritation
◉what can cause a corneal abbration? Answer: Direct trauma
Foreign body between eyelid and conjunctiva
Heat by contact
UV radiation (Arc Eye)
◉What can cause corneal ulcer? Answer: can be secondary to
abrasive trauma, pentrating injuries or prolonged use of contact
lenses
◉What are dendritic ulcers? Answer: Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
keratitis is the most frequent cause of corneal blindness.
, - aggressive treatment -
◉Symptoms of Dendritic ulcers? Answer: Pain
Photophobia
Blurred vision
Tearing
Redness
- with fluorescein staining and has a delicate branching pattern,
◉Appearance of dendritic ulcer on opthalmoscopy? Answer: -
infectious epithelial keratitis (with characteristic dendritic ulcers)
-neurotrophic keratopathy
-stromal keratitis endotheliitis (classified as disciform, diffuse, or
linear)
◉what are the symptoms of keratic precipitates and anterior uveitis
Answer: Pain, generally developing over a few hours or days except
in cases of trauma:
Redness
Photophobia
Blurred vision
Increased lacrimation
TEST 2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉what is myopia? Answer: near/short sightedness, close is clear, far
is blurry
-usual starts in puberty and gets worse untill eye is fully grown. also
in very young children.
◉conditions associated with myopia? Answer: squint- childhood
eyes point in diff. directions.
lazy eyechildhood, one eye. doesnt develop properly
glaucoma - IOC pressure.
cataracts - develpoment of cloudy atches inside lense.
Retinal detachment - wherby retina pulls awat from the blood vessel
that nourish it
◉What is astigmatism? Answer: Failure to converge image at one
point on the fovea (likea refraction rather than focusing)
,◉Causes of astigmatism? Answer: -Hereditary - corneal or
lenticular
-Injuries to the cornea, such as infection that scars the cornea
keratoconus & kertoglobus - causes bulgin, thinner and shape
change.
Some conditions of the eyelid
others that affect cornea or lense
◉What is presbyopia? Answer: gradual loss of your eyes' ability to
focus on nearby objects. It's a natural part of aging 40-65yrs
◉Aetiology of bacterial conjunctivitis? Answer: S.Aureus, Sterp.
Pneumo or H.flu
also STIs chlamydia trachromatis, N.gonnorheae
◉what is opthalmia neonatorum? Answer: chlamydia or
gonorrheae infection from infected birth canal affecting 20-40%
◉What is Episcleritis ? Answer: Inflamationof localiased superficial
episclera vascular network, most commonly diffuse (moderate to
sever inflam @1-3 month intervals)
-Nodular/focal episcleritis (can often present with associated
systemic disease)
,◉What are the classification of Allergic conjunctivitis? Answer: type
1 hypersensitivity - seasonal (SAC)
perrenial - chronic (PAC)
Atopic - relates to eczema and athsma
gaint pappilary (GPC)
Limbal and tarsal kertaoconjuctivitis (VKC)
◉What is gaint pappilary Allergica conjunctivitis Answer: inner
lining of the eyelid swells and develops small bumps. Known as
papillae, these bumps tend to form after chronic irritation
◉what can cause a corneal abbration? Answer: Direct trauma
Foreign body between eyelid and conjunctiva
Heat by contact
UV radiation (Arc Eye)
◉What can cause corneal ulcer? Answer: can be secondary to
abrasive trauma, pentrating injuries or prolonged use of contact
lenses
◉What are dendritic ulcers? Answer: Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
keratitis is the most frequent cause of corneal blindness.
, - aggressive treatment -
◉Symptoms of Dendritic ulcers? Answer: Pain
Photophobia
Blurred vision
Tearing
Redness
- with fluorescein staining and has a delicate branching pattern,
◉Appearance of dendritic ulcer on opthalmoscopy? Answer: -
infectious epithelial keratitis (with characteristic dendritic ulcers)
-neurotrophic keratopathy
-stromal keratitis endotheliitis (classified as disciform, diffuse, or
linear)
◉what are the symptoms of keratic precipitates and anterior uveitis
Answer: Pain, generally developing over a few hours or days except
in cases of trauma:
Redness
Photophobia
Blurred vision
Increased lacrimation
