Practice Questions for Med Surg Exam
Questions and Correct Answers with Rationales/
Medical Surgical Cardiovascular Exam Questions
and Answers Review
1: Cardiac
what is the antidote for heparin? - Answer--protamine sulfate
what lab will be positive for an MI first?/what lab do we rely on? - Answer--troponin
how often should you check PT and INR after starting a patient on Coumadin? -
Answer--every 2 weeks until stable
what is the main electrolyte concerned for a patient on Lasix? - Answer--potassium
--> hypokalemia
what is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors? - Answer--dry, nagging cough
what color telemetry lead goes in the right second intercostal space? - Answer--white
what is a primary symptom of peripheral arterial disease? - Answer--intermittent
claudication
what is the most helpful diagnostic test for heart failure? - Answer--BNP
what is the treatment for suspected MI? - Answer--MONA
describe MONA - Answer--Morphine, Oxygen, Nitroglycerin, Aspirin
Administer based on ABC's
how many classifications are there for heart failure? - Answer--4
what diet limitations are important for hypertension? - Answer--low sodium
in a hospital setting, what do you administer first for a patient with a suspected MI? -
Answer--oxygen
, in a non-hospital setting, what do you administer first for a patient with a suspected
MI? - Answer--aspirin
what is the most common dysrhythmia? - Answer--atrial fibrillation
what is the first step in interpreting an EKG strip? - Answer--identify and examine the
P wave
all of the following are treatments of sinus tachycardia except?
vagal maneuvers, atropine, adenosine, gagging - Answer--atropine --> it treats sinus
bradycardia because it increases the heart rate
What is the order of color changes in Raynauds? - Answer--white, blue red
which are modifiable risk factors for varicose veins? select all that apply
standing for prolonged period of time, obesity, smoking, pregnancy, lack of exercise -
Answer--all except pregnancy
true or false: cellulitis is most commonly caused by strep or staph - Answer--true
what is the difference between cellulitis and lymphangitis - Answer--Cellulitis: the
swelling and redness is localized and nonspecific and Lymphangitis: there are
characteristic red streaks outlining the affected lymphatic vessels
what are the conditions necessary for diagnosis of metabolic syndrome? (must have
3) - Answer--insulin resistance, central obesity, dyslipidemia, BP persistently of
130/85 or higher, pro inflammatory state (high levels of C-reactive protein),
prothrombotic state (high fibrinogen level)
What is the difference between stable and unstable angina? - Answer--stable angina
occurs with exertion but goes away with rest or nitroglycerin while unstable angina
occurs randomly even at rest sometimes and will not be relieved with rest (much
more serious and can be an emergency)
what is the most reliable test for an NSTEMI? - Answer--troponin
describe how unfractionated heparin works - Answer--it is able to prevent any further
clots from forming but can not dissolve any of the current clots present
what is a large, superficial, exudative ulcer an indicator of? - Answer--venous
insufficiency
Questions and Correct Answers with Rationales/
Medical Surgical Cardiovascular Exam Questions
and Answers Review
1: Cardiac
what is the antidote for heparin? - Answer--protamine sulfate
what lab will be positive for an MI first?/what lab do we rely on? - Answer--troponin
how often should you check PT and INR after starting a patient on Coumadin? -
Answer--every 2 weeks until stable
what is the main electrolyte concerned for a patient on Lasix? - Answer--potassium
--> hypokalemia
what is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors? - Answer--dry, nagging cough
what color telemetry lead goes in the right second intercostal space? - Answer--white
what is a primary symptom of peripheral arterial disease? - Answer--intermittent
claudication
what is the most helpful diagnostic test for heart failure? - Answer--BNP
what is the treatment for suspected MI? - Answer--MONA
describe MONA - Answer--Morphine, Oxygen, Nitroglycerin, Aspirin
Administer based on ABC's
how many classifications are there for heart failure? - Answer--4
what diet limitations are important for hypertension? - Answer--low sodium
in a hospital setting, what do you administer first for a patient with a suspected MI? -
Answer--oxygen
, in a non-hospital setting, what do you administer first for a patient with a suspected
MI? - Answer--aspirin
what is the most common dysrhythmia? - Answer--atrial fibrillation
what is the first step in interpreting an EKG strip? - Answer--identify and examine the
P wave
all of the following are treatments of sinus tachycardia except?
vagal maneuvers, atropine, adenosine, gagging - Answer--atropine --> it treats sinus
bradycardia because it increases the heart rate
What is the order of color changes in Raynauds? - Answer--white, blue red
which are modifiable risk factors for varicose veins? select all that apply
standing for prolonged period of time, obesity, smoking, pregnancy, lack of exercise -
Answer--all except pregnancy
true or false: cellulitis is most commonly caused by strep or staph - Answer--true
what is the difference between cellulitis and lymphangitis - Answer--Cellulitis: the
swelling and redness is localized and nonspecific and Lymphangitis: there are
characteristic red streaks outlining the affected lymphatic vessels
what are the conditions necessary for diagnosis of metabolic syndrome? (must have
3) - Answer--insulin resistance, central obesity, dyslipidemia, BP persistently of
130/85 or higher, pro inflammatory state (high levels of C-reactive protein),
prothrombotic state (high fibrinogen level)
What is the difference between stable and unstable angina? - Answer--stable angina
occurs with exertion but goes away with rest or nitroglycerin while unstable angina
occurs randomly even at rest sometimes and will not be relieved with rest (much
more serious and can be an emergency)
what is the most reliable test for an NSTEMI? - Answer--troponin
describe how unfractionated heparin works - Answer--it is able to prevent any further
clots from forming but can not dissolve any of the current clots present
what is a large, superficial, exudative ulcer an indicator of? - Answer--venous
insufficiency
