NUR 330 EXAM SCRIPT FINAL PAPER FULL
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
◉ asthma
Answer: a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that causes
hyperresponsiveness, mucosal edema, and mucus production
◉ inflammation
Answer: leads to cough, chest tightness, wheezing, and dyspnea
◉ reversible
Answer: asthma is largely_______ ; spontaneously or with treatment
◉ allergy
Answer: is the strongest predisposing factor to asthma.
◉ predisposing factors
Answer: atopy (genetic)
female
,◉ casual factors
Answer: •exposure to allergens
•occupational sensitizers
◉ contributing factors
Answer: •respiratory infections
•air pollution
•active passive smoking
•diet
◉ inflammation leads to
Answer: hyperresponsiveness of airways and airway limitation
◉ risk factors for exacerbations
Answer: •allergens
•respiratory infections
•exercise and hyperventilation
•weather changes
•exposure to food, additives, and medications
•exposure to sulfur dioxide
◉ Pathophysiology of asthma
,Answer: primary response to chronic inflammation from exposure
to allergens or irritants
◉ early phase response
Answer: vascular congestion, edema, production of thick mucous,
bronchial muscle spasm, and thickening of airway walls.
◉ late phase response
Answer: •occurs 4-10 hours after initial attack
•can be more severe that early phase and can last 24 hours
•if airway inflammation is not treated or resolve, irreversible lung
damage is possible.
◉ triggers of asthma
Answer: •allergens
•exercise
•air pollutants
•occupational factors
•respiratory infections
•nose and sinus problems
•drug and food additives
•GERD
, •emotional stress
◉ clinical manifestations
Answer: •episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, cough, or tight chest
(may be abrupt or gradual and last minutes-hours)
•expiration may be prolonged
•feeling of suffocation
◉ wheezing
Answer: wheezing is unreliable to gauge severity because severe
attacks may have no audible wheezing.
◉ cough variant asthma
Answer: Cough is only symptom
Bronchospasm is not severe enough to cause airflow obstruction
◉ suffocation
Answer: difficulty with air movement may create a feeling of
suffocation
◉ hypoxemia
Answer: deficient amount of oxygen in the blood
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
◉ asthma
Answer: a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that causes
hyperresponsiveness, mucosal edema, and mucus production
◉ inflammation
Answer: leads to cough, chest tightness, wheezing, and dyspnea
◉ reversible
Answer: asthma is largely_______ ; spontaneously or with treatment
◉ allergy
Answer: is the strongest predisposing factor to asthma.
◉ predisposing factors
Answer: atopy (genetic)
female
,◉ casual factors
Answer: •exposure to allergens
•occupational sensitizers
◉ contributing factors
Answer: •respiratory infections
•air pollution
•active passive smoking
•diet
◉ inflammation leads to
Answer: hyperresponsiveness of airways and airway limitation
◉ risk factors for exacerbations
Answer: •allergens
•respiratory infections
•exercise and hyperventilation
•weather changes
•exposure to food, additives, and medications
•exposure to sulfur dioxide
◉ Pathophysiology of asthma
,Answer: primary response to chronic inflammation from exposure
to allergens or irritants
◉ early phase response
Answer: vascular congestion, edema, production of thick mucous,
bronchial muscle spasm, and thickening of airway walls.
◉ late phase response
Answer: •occurs 4-10 hours after initial attack
•can be more severe that early phase and can last 24 hours
•if airway inflammation is not treated or resolve, irreversible lung
damage is possible.
◉ triggers of asthma
Answer: •allergens
•exercise
•air pollutants
•occupational factors
•respiratory infections
•nose and sinus problems
•drug and food additives
•GERD
, •emotional stress
◉ clinical manifestations
Answer: •episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, cough, or tight chest
(may be abrupt or gradual and last minutes-hours)
•expiration may be prolonged
•feeling of suffocation
◉ wheezing
Answer: wheezing is unreliable to gauge severity because severe
attacks may have no audible wheezing.
◉ cough variant asthma
Answer: Cough is only symptom
Bronchospasm is not severe enough to cause airflow obstruction
◉ suffocation
Answer: difficulty with air movement may create a feeling of
suffocation
◉ hypoxemia
Answer: deficient amount of oxygen in the blood
