NURS 615 ADV PHARM UPDATED
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS BUNDLED RESOURCE
●● Pharmacodynamics
Answer: study of the biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs on
the body
Think Dynamic (change)
majority of drugs either
(a) mimic or inhibit normal physiological/biochemical processes or
inhibit pathological processes in animals or
(b) inhibit vital processes of endo- or ectoparasites and microbial
organisms
●● Summarize the main drug actions
Answer: 1 - stimulating action through direct receptor agonism and
downstream effects
2 - depressing action through direct receptor agonism and downstream
effects (ex.: inverse agonist)
3- blocking/antagonizing action (as with silent antagonists), the drug
binds the receptor but does not activate it
,4- stabilizing action, the drug seems to act neither as a stimulant or as a
depressant
5- exchanging/replacing substances or accumulating them to form a
reserve (ex.: glycogen storage)
●● Desired activity is achieved through what main mechanisms?
Answer: -Cellular membrane disruption
-Chemical reaction with downstream effects
-Interaction with enzyme proteins
-Interaction with structural proteins
-Interaction with carrier proteins
-Interaction with ion channels
-Ligand binding to receptors: 1)Hormone receptors 2) Neuromodulator
receptors 3)Neurotransmitter receptors
●● Explain the therapeutic window
Answer: therapeutic window is the amount of a medication between the
amount that gives an effect (effective dose) and the amount that gives
more adverse effects than desired effects
●● Duration of action
Answer: duration of action of a drug is the length of time that particular
drug is effective
,●● Explain bioavailability
Answer: drug's bioavailability can be defined as the proportion of the
drug that reaches its site of action
●● 6 rights to medication administration
Answer: RIGHT CLIENT
RIGHT MEDICATION
RIGHT DOSAGE
RIGHT ROUTE
RIGHT TIME
RIGHT DOCUMENTATION
●● Potency
Answer: potency is a measure of drug activity expressed in terms of the
amount required to produce an effect of given intensity
(more morphine is needed to give the same effects as fentanyl)
●● Efficacy
Answer: Efficacy is the relationship between receptor occupancy and the
ability to initiate a response at the molecular, cellular, tissue or system
level. In other words, efficacy refers to how well an action is took after
the drug is bound to a receptor
, ●● Affinity
Answer: Affinity is how well a drug can bind to a receptor (Fast/strong
binding = higher affinity)
●● Benzodiazepine MOA
Answer: Act on GABA which is a major inhibitory NTM in the CNS;
Effects are produced by interacting with a protein complex with in the
neuronal membrane GABA which has a high 'affinity' for benzo's
specifically;
Inhibition of polysynaptic afferent pathways resulting in skeletal muscle
relaxation; It decreases the spread of seizure activity due to an increased
pre-synaptic inhibition of the CNS
●● Benzodiazepine uses/indications
Answer: Similar actions however different
doses/concentrations/combinations produce different actions thus have
different uses
Anxiety/panic disorders
skeletal muscle relaxation
seizures
sedation for procedures (due to relaxation and amnesic properties)
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS BUNDLED RESOURCE
●● Pharmacodynamics
Answer: study of the biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs on
the body
Think Dynamic (change)
majority of drugs either
(a) mimic or inhibit normal physiological/biochemical processes or
inhibit pathological processes in animals or
(b) inhibit vital processes of endo- or ectoparasites and microbial
organisms
●● Summarize the main drug actions
Answer: 1 - stimulating action through direct receptor agonism and
downstream effects
2 - depressing action through direct receptor agonism and downstream
effects (ex.: inverse agonist)
3- blocking/antagonizing action (as with silent antagonists), the drug
binds the receptor but does not activate it
,4- stabilizing action, the drug seems to act neither as a stimulant or as a
depressant
5- exchanging/replacing substances or accumulating them to form a
reserve (ex.: glycogen storage)
●● Desired activity is achieved through what main mechanisms?
Answer: -Cellular membrane disruption
-Chemical reaction with downstream effects
-Interaction with enzyme proteins
-Interaction with structural proteins
-Interaction with carrier proteins
-Interaction with ion channels
-Ligand binding to receptors: 1)Hormone receptors 2) Neuromodulator
receptors 3)Neurotransmitter receptors
●● Explain the therapeutic window
Answer: therapeutic window is the amount of a medication between the
amount that gives an effect (effective dose) and the amount that gives
more adverse effects than desired effects
●● Duration of action
Answer: duration of action of a drug is the length of time that particular
drug is effective
,●● Explain bioavailability
Answer: drug's bioavailability can be defined as the proportion of the
drug that reaches its site of action
●● 6 rights to medication administration
Answer: RIGHT CLIENT
RIGHT MEDICATION
RIGHT DOSAGE
RIGHT ROUTE
RIGHT TIME
RIGHT DOCUMENTATION
●● Potency
Answer: potency is a measure of drug activity expressed in terms of the
amount required to produce an effect of given intensity
(more morphine is needed to give the same effects as fentanyl)
●● Efficacy
Answer: Efficacy is the relationship between receptor occupancy and the
ability to initiate a response at the molecular, cellular, tissue or system
level. In other words, efficacy refers to how well an action is took after
the drug is bound to a receptor
, ●● Affinity
Answer: Affinity is how well a drug can bind to a receptor (Fast/strong
binding = higher affinity)
●● Benzodiazepine MOA
Answer: Act on GABA which is a major inhibitory NTM in the CNS;
Effects are produced by interacting with a protein complex with in the
neuronal membrane GABA which has a high 'affinity' for benzo's
specifically;
Inhibition of polysynaptic afferent pathways resulting in skeletal muscle
relaxation; It decreases the spread of seizure activity due to an increased
pre-synaptic inhibition of the CNS
●● Benzodiazepine uses/indications
Answer: Similar actions however different
doses/concentrations/combinations produce different actions thus have
different uses
Anxiety/panic disorders
skeletal muscle relaxation
seizures
sedation for procedures (due to relaxation and amnesic properties)
