NSG 5003 Final Exam Prep | Actual Exam Questions &
100% Correct Answers | Latest Update 2026 | Nursing
Exam Prep
1. Natriuretic Peptides (ANP and BNP) have:
vasodilatory properties
diuretic & vasodilatory properties
vasoconstriction properties
diuretic properties
2. Describe how an autoimmune response contributes to the symptoms of
Graves disease.
An autoimmune response results in the destruction of thyroid cells,
leading to hormone deficiency.
An autoimmune response causes the thyroid gland to shrink and
produce less hormone.
An autoimmune response causes inflammation in the thyroid, leading
to pain and discomfort.
An autoimmune response leads to the production of antibodies that
stimulate the thyroid gland, causing it to produce excess thyroid
hormones.
3. What is one known effect of ionizing radiation exposure on human health?
Improved metabolism
Cellular damage
Increased appetite
Enhanced immune response
,4. Describe the role of Tamm-Horsfall protein in the urinary system and its
significance in preventing urolithiasis.
Tamm-Horsfall protein helps prevent urolithiasis by inhibiting
crystal aggregation and acting as a protective barrier in the urinary
tract.
Tamm-Horsfall protein regulates blood pressure through vasodilation.
Tamm-Horsfall protein facilitates the absorption of nutrients in the
intestines.
Tamm-Horsfall protein is involved in the synthesis of red blood cells.
5. If a patient presents with signs of liver dysfunction and a history of heavy
alcohol use, what condition might you suspect based on hepatic fat
accumulation?
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Alcoholic cirrhosis
Hemochromatosis
Chronic hepatitis B
6. What is the primary effect of increased capillary hydrostatic pressure in the
body?
Edema
Dehydration
Hypernatremia
Hypotension
,7. What type of pressure increases due to venous obstruction, leading to
edema?
Osmotic pressure
Arterial pressure
Venous pressure
Hydrostatic pressure
8. Describe how damage to the plasma membrane can affect mitochondrial
function.
Damage to the plasma membrane enhances mitochondrial energy
efficiency.
Damage to the plasma membrane has no effect on mitochondrial
function.
Damage to the plasma membrane only affects the nucleus, not the
mitochondria.
Damage to the plasma membrane can lead to mitochondrial
dysfunction, resulting in decreased ATP production and impaired
energy metabolism.
9. What is the primary mechanism that contributes to clonal diversity in the
immune system?
Phagocytosis
Cellular apoptosis
Somatic recombination
Antigen presentation
, 10. If a patient experiences plasma membrane damage in their cells, what
immediate physiological effect might they experience related to
mitochondrial activity?
Improved cellular repair mechanisms
Increased energy levels from enhanced ATP production
Reduced energy levels due to decreased ATP synthesis
Enhanced immune response
11. Describe the significance of ventilation without perfusion in Zone I of the
lung.
It indicates that both ventilation and perfusion are equally balanced.
It means that blood flow is normal but ventilation is compromised.
Ventilation without perfusion indicates that air is present in the
alveoli, but blood flow is insufficient for gas exchange.
It suggests optimal gas exchange is occurring in the alveoli.
12. What is the primary factor in gluten-sensitive enteropathy that leads to easy
bruising and bleeding in infants?
Low iron levels
Excess of vitamin D
High levels of calcium
Deficiency of vitamin K
13. The ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid is normally maintained at:
1/1000th
CO2 partial pressure
100% Correct Answers | Latest Update 2026 | Nursing
Exam Prep
1. Natriuretic Peptides (ANP and BNP) have:
vasodilatory properties
diuretic & vasodilatory properties
vasoconstriction properties
diuretic properties
2. Describe how an autoimmune response contributes to the symptoms of
Graves disease.
An autoimmune response results in the destruction of thyroid cells,
leading to hormone deficiency.
An autoimmune response causes the thyroid gland to shrink and
produce less hormone.
An autoimmune response causes inflammation in the thyroid, leading
to pain and discomfort.
An autoimmune response leads to the production of antibodies that
stimulate the thyroid gland, causing it to produce excess thyroid
hormones.
3. What is one known effect of ionizing radiation exposure on human health?
Improved metabolism
Cellular damage
Increased appetite
Enhanced immune response
,4. Describe the role of Tamm-Horsfall protein in the urinary system and its
significance in preventing urolithiasis.
Tamm-Horsfall protein helps prevent urolithiasis by inhibiting
crystal aggregation and acting as a protective barrier in the urinary
tract.
Tamm-Horsfall protein regulates blood pressure through vasodilation.
Tamm-Horsfall protein facilitates the absorption of nutrients in the
intestines.
Tamm-Horsfall protein is involved in the synthesis of red blood cells.
5. If a patient presents with signs of liver dysfunction and a history of heavy
alcohol use, what condition might you suspect based on hepatic fat
accumulation?
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Alcoholic cirrhosis
Hemochromatosis
Chronic hepatitis B
6. What is the primary effect of increased capillary hydrostatic pressure in the
body?
Edema
Dehydration
Hypernatremia
Hypotension
,7. What type of pressure increases due to venous obstruction, leading to
edema?
Osmotic pressure
Arterial pressure
Venous pressure
Hydrostatic pressure
8. Describe how damage to the plasma membrane can affect mitochondrial
function.
Damage to the plasma membrane enhances mitochondrial energy
efficiency.
Damage to the plasma membrane has no effect on mitochondrial
function.
Damage to the plasma membrane only affects the nucleus, not the
mitochondria.
Damage to the plasma membrane can lead to mitochondrial
dysfunction, resulting in decreased ATP production and impaired
energy metabolism.
9. What is the primary mechanism that contributes to clonal diversity in the
immune system?
Phagocytosis
Cellular apoptosis
Somatic recombination
Antigen presentation
, 10. If a patient experiences plasma membrane damage in their cells, what
immediate physiological effect might they experience related to
mitochondrial activity?
Improved cellular repair mechanisms
Increased energy levels from enhanced ATP production
Reduced energy levels due to decreased ATP synthesis
Enhanced immune response
11. Describe the significance of ventilation without perfusion in Zone I of the
lung.
It indicates that both ventilation and perfusion are equally balanced.
It means that blood flow is normal but ventilation is compromised.
Ventilation without perfusion indicates that air is present in the
alveoli, but blood flow is insufficient for gas exchange.
It suggests optimal gas exchange is occurring in the alveoli.
12. What is the primary factor in gluten-sensitive enteropathy that leads to easy
bruising and bleeding in infants?
Low iron levels
Excess of vitamin D
High levels of calcium
Deficiency of vitamin K
13. The ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid is normally maintained at:
1/1000th
CO2 partial pressure
