What are the functions of the kidneys? - ANSWER Regulation of blood pressure; regulat-
ing blood osmolarity; removal of toxins; blood filtration; activate vitamin D
What are the clinical manifestations of benign prostatic hypertrophy? - ANSWER drib-
bling; difficulty initiating urine stream; hesitancy; urinary retention, decreased stream
What substance controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts? - ANSWER
ADH- Anti Diuretic Hormone
What is type 2 diabetes characterized as? - ANSWER peripheral tissue insulin resistance
What are the clinical manifestations of Graves' disease? - ANSWER Exophthalmos (bulg-
ing eyes), goiter, enlarge thyroid, heat intolerance, anxiety- hyperthyroidism
What processes occur during fasting? - ANSWER glucogenesis; glycogenesis
What type of tissue is accessed to promote energy production in type 1 diabetes? - AN-
SWER adipose/ fat
What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? - ANSWER myxedema, fatigue,
cold sensitivity, constipation, weight gain
What are the clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism? - ANSWER Goiter, fatigue,
weight loss, infertility, memory loss, hair loss, muscle pain
1
, What are the clinical manifestation of hyper para thyroidism? - ANSWER fatigue, body
aches, bone pain, depression, headaches, memory loss
What are the clinical manifestations of hypo para thyroidism? - ANSWER numbness, tet-
any, parathesis, muscle spasms
What are the clinical manifestations of ketoacidosis? - ANSWER fruity breath, drowsiness,
nausea, thirst, confusion, lethargy, vomiting
What mechanisms control hormone release and regulation? - ANSWER negative feed-
back loop
What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland? - ANSWER Growth Hor-
mone, prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, LH, ACTH and
endorphins
What is diabetes insipidus? - ANSWER a disorder caused by inadequate amounts of ADH
which causes excessive water loss
clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus - ANSWER polyuria, nocturia, continuous
thirst, and polydipsia
clinical manifestations of Cushings syndrome? - ANSWER Excessive secretion of cortisol
causes redistribution of fat, "moon face", "buffalo" hump on the back and pendulous abdo-
men. -
Facial skin is flushed (high blood pressure), skin covering abdomen develops stretch marks -
•
ndividual bruises easily and wound healing is poor -
2
ing blood osmolarity; removal of toxins; blood filtration; activate vitamin D
What are the clinical manifestations of benign prostatic hypertrophy? - ANSWER drib-
bling; difficulty initiating urine stream; hesitancy; urinary retention, decreased stream
What substance controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts? - ANSWER
ADH- Anti Diuretic Hormone
What is type 2 diabetes characterized as? - ANSWER peripheral tissue insulin resistance
What are the clinical manifestations of Graves' disease? - ANSWER Exophthalmos (bulg-
ing eyes), goiter, enlarge thyroid, heat intolerance, anxiety- hyperthyroidism
What processes occur during fasting? - ANSWER glucogenesis; glycogenesis
What type of tissue is accessed to promote energy production in type 1 diabetes? - AN-
SWER adipose/ fat
What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? - ANSWER myxedema, fatigue,
cold sensitivity, constipation, weight gain
What are the clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism? - ANSWER Goiter, fatigue,
weight loss, infertility, memory loss, hair loss, muscle pain
1
, What are the clinical manifestation of hyper para thyroidism? - ANSWER fatigue, body
aches, bone pain, depression, headaches, memory loss
What are the clinical manifestations of hypo para thyroidism? - ANSWER numbness, tet-
any, parathesis, muscle spasms
What are the clinical manifestations of ketoacidosis? - ANSWER fruity breath, drowsiness,
nausea, thirst, confusion, lethargy, vomiting
What mechanisms control hormone release and regulation? - ANSWER negative feed-
back loop
What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland? - ANSWER Growth Hor-
mone, prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, LH, ACTH and
endorphins
What is diabetes insipidus? - ANSWER a disorder caused by inadequate amounts of ADH
which causes excessive water loss
clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus - ANSWER polyuria, nocturia, continuous
thirst, and polydipsia
clinical manifestations of Cushings syndrome? - ANSWER Excessive secretion of cortisol
causes redistribution of fat, "moon face", "buffalo" hump on the back and pendulous abdo-
men. -
Facial skin is flushed (high blood pressure), skin covering abdomen develops stretch marks -
•
ndividual bruises easily and wound healing is poor -
2
