Metals and
Non-Metals
th
Class 10
“This Exam will be the best
Exam of my Life”
, ELEMENTS
METALS NON METALS
Elements that form positive ions by Elements that typically gain electrons to
losing electrons. form negative ions or share
Examples: Iron, Copper, Aluminium, Silver, electrons.Examples: Sulphur, Phosphorus,
Gold. Oxygen, Carbon.
,PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
, Physical Properties of METALS:
Property Explanation Examples Exceptions / Notes
Appearance Metals, in pure state, have a shining
Iron, Copper, Aluminium,
surface (metallic lustre). Freshly –
(Metallic Lustre) cut/cleaned metals shine.
Magnesium
Sodium & Potassium are
Metals are generally hard. Hardness varies
Hardness from metal to metal.
Iron, Copper, Zinc very soft, can be cut with a
knife.
Ability of metals to be beaten into thin Gold & Silver → most
Malleability sheets.
Gold, Silver, Aluminium foil
malleable.
Ability of metals to be drawn into thin
Ductility wires.
Gold (most ductile) 1 g gold → 2 km long wire.
Lead & Mercury → poor
Metals are good conductors of heat & Silver, Copper (best conductors. Wires coated
Conductivity electricity. conductors) with PVC/rubber to prevent
shocks.
Melting & Metals generally have high melting & Gallium & Cesium → melt
Most metals (Iron, Copper, etc.)
Boiling Points boiling points. at/near room temperature.
Metals produce a ringing sound when
Sonority struck.
School bells made of metals –
Non-Metals
th
Class 10
“This Exam will be the best
Exam of my Life”
, ELEMENTS
METALS NON METALS
Elements that form positive ions by Elements that typically gain electrons to
losing electrons. form negative ions or share
Examples: Iron, Copper, Aluminium, Silver, electrons.Examples: Sulphur, Phosphorus,
Gold. Oxygen, Carbon.
,PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
, Physical Properties of METALS:
Property Explanation Examples Exceptions / Notes
Appearance Metals, in pure state, have a shining
Iron, Copper, Aluminium,
surface (metallic lustre). Freshly –
(Metallic Lustre) cut/cleaned metals shine.
Magnesium
Sodium & Potassium are
Metals are generally hard. Hardness varies
Hardness from metal to metal.
Iron, Copper, Zinc very soft, can be cut with a
knife.
Ability of metals to be beaten into thin Gold & Silver → most
Malleability sheets.
Gold, Silver, Aluminium foil
malleable.
Ability of metals to be drawn into thin
Ductility wires.
Gold (most ductile) 1 g gold → 2 km long wire.
Lead & Mercury → poor
Metals are good conductors of heat & Silver, Copper (best conductors. Wires coated
Conductivity electricity. conductors) with PVC/rubber to prevent
shocks.
Melting & Metals generally have high melting & Gallium & Cesium → melt
Most metals (Iron, Copper, etc.)
Boiling Points boiling points. at/near room temperature.
Metals produce a ringing sound when
Sonority struck.
School bells made of metals –
