ATI MEDSURG COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2026

ATI MEDSURG COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2026

Diabetic Ketoacidosis - CORRECT ANSWER --
assessment: dehydration, ketosis, metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia

- admin fast acting insulin that can be effective within 10 min, admin IV

- kussmaul resp



Beta blockers (Propanolol) - CORRECT ANSWER --
monitor: sore throat, vision changes, blurred vision, dry eyes, dry mouth, abd cramping, colitis, acute
pancreatitis

- notify provider: night cough



Factors that affect wound healing - CORRECT ANSWER -- dehydration (UO)

- infection

- BMI <18.5 or >25

- malnutrition (low protein, vita C)

- age

- decreased hgb, tissue perfusion

- wound stress



HIV/AIDS - CORRECT ANSWER -- positive response to treatment monitored by viral load

-
risk for infection: do not drink fluids left out for longer than 60 min, clean toothbrush in dishwasher
weekly, avoid fresh produce, check temp daily

- dx test: ELISA confirmed by western blot/IFA, viral load



Fluid replacement - CORRECT ANSWER -- monitor BUN



Cerebrovascular accident - CORRECT ANSWER --
right sided: visual, spatial, proprioception; poor impulse control/judgment; unilateral neglect

- left sided: language, math, analytical skills

,Preventing UTIs - CORRECT ANSWER -- wipe from front to back

- void after intercourse

- avoid baths

- drink 2-3 L of fluid daily

- cotton underwear

- urinate Q2-4h



Radiation therapy - CORRECT ANSWER -- do not remove ink markings

- wash area gently with warm water and mild soap

- avoid sun esposure for 1 year

- dispose body fluids in lead container

- limit visits to 30 min a day

- staff should wear dosimeter badge to monitor exposure

- keep all soiled linens in room until implant is removed



Kidney transplants - CORRECT ANSWER --
hemodialysis sometimes needed following surgery because kidneys from deceased donors may not fu
nction immediately

- requires lifelong immunosuppressive therapy

- complications: cardiovascular disease



Hemodialysis - CORRECT ANSWER -- expected: weight loss, decrease BP, increase temp

- complications: hypocalcemia, bleeding, infection, hypovolemia, anemia

- disequilibrium syndrome: nausea, restlessness, dysrhythmias, seizures, headache

- notify: headache, nausea, dizziness during dialysis

- do not eat during dialysis



Inotropic medications - CORRECT ANSWER -- dopamine, digoxin, dobutamine, milirinone

, - increase contractility and improve CO
X2 X2 X2 X2




- monitor HR (apical), hold if <60 min
X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X 2




Diabetes inspidus - CORRECT ANSWER -- deficiency in ADH
X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2




- inability to concentrate urine, 1.001-1.005
X2 X2 X2 X2




- assessment: hypotension, weak peripheral pulses, polydipsia, polyuria (4-
X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2




30L/day), nocturia, dehydration
X2 X2 X2




- DILUTE urine chemistry, CONCENTRATED serum chemestry
X2 X2 X2 X2 X2




- treatments: desmopressin, vasopressin (synthetic ADH)
X2 X2 X2 X2




- complications: CNS damage, serizures X2 X2 X2




Heart failure - CORRECT ANSWER -- monitor daily weight and i/o
X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2




-
prevention/health promotion: exercise regularly, consume diet low in Na, fluid restrictions, smokin ce ssation
X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2




- left sided HF r/t hypertension, CAD, angina, MI, valvular disease... decreased systemic perfusion
X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2




- right sided HR r/t left sided HF, pulmonary problems, right ventricular MI
X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2




- **fluid will be backed up in the system behind the failure (Left in Lungs, right in body)
X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2




Esophageal varices - CORRECT ANSWER -- do not strain to have BM
X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2




- avoid using table salt to season food
X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2




Blood transfusion - CORRECT ANSWER -- prime line with NS
X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2




- verify with 2 nurses
X2 X2 X2




- infuse over 2-4 h X2 X2 X2




- monitor for fluid overload X2 X2 X2




- hemolytic reaction: back/chest pain, apprehension/impending doom
X2 X2 X2 X2 X2




- allergic reaction: within 24h, bronchospasm, urticaria, anaphylaxis
X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2