ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM REVIEW- SEMESTER 1 QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
define anatomy - CORRECT ANSWERS-the study of the structure and shape of the body and its
parts and their relationship to one another.
define physiology - CORRECT ANSWERS-the study of how the body and its parts work or
function.
Beginning with the smallest, what are the levels of structural organization of the human body -
CORRECT ANSWERS-1. chemicals (atoms or molecules)
2. cells
3. tissues
4. organs
5. organ systems
6. organisms
define hemtopoesis - CORRECT ANSWERS-the process of creating new blood cells in the body.
The building block of all matter is ______________. - CORRECT ANSWERS-atom
What system transports oxygen and nutrients; contains blood vessels - CORRECT ANSWERS-
cardiovascular system
What system is the production of offspring; contains uterus or testis - CORRECT ANSWERS-
reproductive system
What system breaks down food; contains the esophagus - CORRECT ANSWERS-digestive system
,What system picks up fluid from blood vessels; contains lymph nodes - CORRECT ANSWERS-
lymphatic system
What system eliminates nitrogenous wastes; contains ureter - CORRECT ANSWERS-urinary
system
What system supplies blood with oxygen and eliminates CO2; contains the lungs - CORRECT
ANSWERS-respiratory system
What system protects the entire body; contains sweat and oil glands - CORRECT ANSWERS-
integumentary system
What system secretes hormones; contains the pituitary gland - CORRECT ANSWERS-endocrine
system
What system responds to internal/external stimuli; contains the brain - CORRECT ANSWERS-
nervous system
What system protects/supports the body; contains joints and cartilage - CORRECT ANSWERS-
skeletal system
What system allows movement; contains skeletal muscles - CORRECT ANSWERS-muscular
system
What are the 6 major life functions of living organisms? - CORRECT ANSWERS-1.
responsiveness/irritability
2. digestion
3. metabolism
4. excretion
5. reproduction
, 6. growth
What are the 5 survival needs of living organisms? - CORRECT ANSWERS-1. nutrients
2. oxygen
3. water
4. normal body temperature
5. atmospheric
define homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWERS-the body's ability to maintain a relatively stable
internal condition, even though the outside environment is changing
define negative feedbacks - CORRECT ANSWERS-most homeostatic control mechanisms are
negative feedback
define positive feedbacks - CORRECT ANSWERS-increases the original disturbance to push the
variance farther than its original value.
give examples of negative feedbacks - CORRECT ANSWERS--body temperature regulation
(sweating)
-heart rate
-blood pressure
-breathing rate
-blood levels of glucose, oxygen, CO2, and minerals
give examples of positive feedbacks - CORRECT ANSWERS--blood clotting
-contractions for child birth
describe the anatomical position - CORRECT ANSWERS-the body is erect with feet parallel and
the arms hanging at the sides with the palms facing up
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
define anatomy - CORRECT ANSWERS-the study of the structure and shape of the body and its
parts and their relationship to one another.
define physiology - CORRECT ANSWERS-the study of how the body and its parts work or
function.
Beginning with the smallest, what are the levels of structural organization of the human body -
CORRECT ANSWERS-1. chemicals (atoms or molecules)
2. cells
3. tissues
4. organs
5. organ systems
6. organisms
define hemtopoesis - CORRECT ANSWERS-the process of creating new blood cells in the body.
The building block of all matter is ______________. - CORRECT ANSWERS-atom
What system transports oxygen and nutrients; contains blood vessels - CORRECT ANSWERS-
cardiovascular system
What system is the production of offspring; contains uterus or testis - CORRECT ANSWERS-
reproductive system
What system breaks down food; contains the esophagus - CORRECT ANSWERS-digestive system
,What system picks up fluid from blood vessels; contains lymph nodes - CORRECT ANSWERS-
lymphatic system
What system eliminates nitrogenous wastes; contains ureter - CORRECT ANSWERS-urinary
system
What system supplies blood with oxygen and eliminates CO2; contains the lungs - CORRECT
ANSWERS-respiratory system
What system protects the entire body; contains sweat and oil glands - CORRECT ANSWERS-
integumentary system
What system secretes hormones; contains the pituitary gland - CORRECT ANSWERS-endocrine
system
What system responds to internal/external stimuli; contains the brain - CORRECT ANSWERS-
nervous system
What system protects/supports the body; contains joints and cartilage - CORRECT ANSWERS-
skeletal system
What system allows movement; contains skeletal muscles - CORRECT ANSWERS-muscular
system
What are the 6 major life functions of living organisms? - CORRECT ANSWERS-1.
responsiveness/irritability
2. digestion
3. metabolism
4. excretion
5. reproduction
, 6. growth
What are the 5 survival needs of living organisms? - CORRECT ANSWERS-1. nutrients
2. oxygen
3. water
4. normal body temperature
5. atmospheric
define homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWERS-the body's ability to maintain a relatively stable
internal condition, even though the outside environment is changing
define negative feedbacks - CORRECT ANSWERS-most homeostatic control mechanisms are
negative feedback
define positive feedbacks - CORRECT ANSWERS-increases the original disturbance to push the
variance farther than its original value.
give examples of negative feedbacks - CORRECT ANSWERS--body temperature regulation
(sweating)
-heart rate
-blood pressure
-breathing rate
-blood levels of glucose, oxygen, CO2, and minerals
give examples of positive feedbacks - CORRECT ANSWERS--blood clotting
-contractions for child birth
describe the anatomical position - CORRECT ANSWERS-the body is erect with feet parallel and
the arms hanging at the sides with the palms facing up
