COMPLETE SOLUTION ACTUAL
EXAMINATION PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥For unstable rivers with wide active zones, what must be assessed to
prevent structural loss? Answer: River training and erosion control
⩥On wide flood plains, what design adjustment can reduce structural
damage, although it is unsuitable for major traffic routes? Answer:
Lowering approach fills for overflow sections
⩥When relief bridges or culverts are necessary on wide flood plains,
they must be carefully designed to avoid what? Answer: Scouring or
altering the river channel
⩥Ideally, how should bridges be aligned in relation to straight river
channels? Answer: Perpendicular
⩥Why should alluvial fans be avoided for bridge locations? Answer:
Due to hydraulic issues like channel aggradation and drastic shifts
,⩥For replacement bridges, what should be reviewed to determine if
better alternatives are needed? Answer: Location, design, and increased
waterway areas
⩥What is the typical design life for bridges? Answer: 50 years
⩥In the formula B = (0.5 ~ 0.8)Q^(3/4), what does "B" represent?
Answer: Approximate river width
⩥According to the standard by the Ministry of Construction in Japan,
what is the formula for the desirable minimum bridge span length (L)?
Answer: L = 20 + 0.005Q
⩥Hydrologic and hydraulic analyses by experts are required for bridge
projects with an overall length greater than: Answer: 1,000 m
⩥Hydrologic and hydraulic analyses by experts are required if a bridge
has a span length greater than: Answer: 60 m
⩥From a hydraulic viewpoint, where should a bridge ideally be located
in relation to the entire floodplain? Answer: Center of the main channel
⩥The bridge waterway opening should be designed so that river velocity
through the bridge is no greater than what percentage of the average
river velocity away from the bridge? Answer: 150%
, ⩥What is the maximum allowable skew angle for a bridge? Answer: 45
degrees
⩥How should existing vegetation be treated in the overall bridge plan?
Answer: Left intact to control turbulence of flow around the bridge
⩥What is the required minimum freeboard for bridges over rivers
carrying debris? Answer: 1.50 m
⩥What is the required minimum freeboard for bridges over rivers NOT
carrying debris? Answer: 1.00 m
⩥For bridges in the coastal environment, adequate freeboard shall be
provided to prevent wave impact under the combined action of: Answer:
High tide, storm surge, and design wave
⩥In the navigational clearance formula (Vertical Clearance = HWL +
HV + K), what does "K" represent? Answer: 1-meter allowance
⩥Low-level or overflow bridges typically have their deck level
positioned below what flood level? Answer: One-year flood level