Criminal Justice Final Exam Review / Verified Questions & Correct Answers / Newest 2025/2026.
The perspective that focuses most heavily on procedural fairness and the rights of the suspects is the _________ perspective ✔️Due Process
The 3 main components of the criminal justice system are: ✔️law enforcement, courts, and corrections
Advocates of the consensus model of criminal justice agree to all of the following staples except for ✔️what is deemed criminal will be
determined by those who are in power
Which of the following crimes does not fall into the violent crime category ✔️burglary
According to the Crime Funnell, in general, for every 1,000 serious crimes, about ______ adults are incarcerated for a few of these crimes ✔️30
The top tier of the wedding cake model of the criminal justice system consists of what type of cases ✔️celebrated cases
The statement that "you have to break a few eggs to make an omelet" is consistent with what model of the criminal justice system? ✔️Crime
Control Model
In the 1990s crime rates generally ✔️declined
According to Shaw and McKay's social disorganization theory, crime rates are highest in which zone? ✔️Zone 2 - Transition Zone
Which theory of crime assumes that persons have free will? ✔️Choice Theory
Radical feminist theory of crimes focus on ✔️patriarchy
Through years of research, criminologists have determined that there is one specific type of offender that accounts for a vast majority of all
offenses. This type of offender is known as: ✔️the chronic offender
The best known and most widely cited source of crime statistics is the ✔️Uniform Crime Report
The NIBRS reporting method has been criticized for many weaknesses which include all f the following except ✔️the hierarchy rule
In most jurisdicctions, a felony can be distinguished from a misdemeanor in that felony sentences are ✔️served in prison
The actus reus is the ______ element of the crime ✔️act
A ______ liability crime is one that has the mens rea element ✔️strict
The mens rea is the ________ element of the crime ✔️mental
As a general rule, voluntary intoxication is ✔️not a defense
the supreme law of the land is the ✔️US Constitution
The burden of proof necessary for a ruling that the defendant is responsible in a civil case is ✔️preponderance of the evidence
The shire or county office of shire _____ eventually evolved into the position of sheriff ✔️reeve
the first formal police department in the US was created in _______ in 1838 ✔️Boston
During the 1800s, in general, American Police agencies came to be regarded as ✔️corrupt and inefficient
Today, most law enforcement personnel in the US are employed at the _______ level ✔️municipal
One of the early leaders of police reform in the early 1900s was ✔️August Vollmer
In the late 1980s and into the 1990s police departments increasingly adopted _____ programs ✔️community policing
Private security guards have been criticized for all of the following reasons except ✔️they are meant to deter crime
Most police agencies are organized in a ________ fashion ✔️militaristic
, A defined area of patrol is termed the officer's _____ ✔️beat
the Kansas City Patrol experiment found that variations in patrol had ✔️little impact on crime and citizen confidence
The broken windows theory focuses on ✔️neighborhood disorder and deterioration
Over the past two decades, hiring of minorities has ✔️increased
the great bulk of what police officers do is ✔️order maintenance
Problem oriented policing is essentially ✔️proactive
(T/F) Most criminal cases are disposed of by trial ✔️F
(T/F) For many decisions, criminal justice officials have at least some discretion ✔️T
(T/F) Crime has only recently become a problem in America ✔️F
(T/F) Younger people face a greater risk of victimization than older person ✔️T
(T/F) Psychoanalytic Theory assumes that people learn to become criminals ✔️F
(T/F) Conflict theory is based on the work of Sigmund Freud ✔️F
Crimes such as murder and rape are referred to as mala in se crimes ✔️T
(T/F) The main objective of the criminal law is to protect society against harm ✔️T
(T/F) Entrapment involves government inducement, traps, and decoys. ✔️T
(T/F) The origins of the American system of policing can be traced to Australia ✔️F
(T/F) the hundred was a group of 100 constables ✔️F
(T/F) There are more federal law enforcement officers than state and city combined ✔️F
(T/F) In general, as the time between the crime and the arrest grows, the probability of getting a conviction decreases ✔️T
(T/F) Broken Windows theory was formulated by Keller and Jackson ✔️F
(T/F) Foot patrol is consistent with community policing ✔️T
Which of the following is a lower court or court of limited jurisdiction? ✔️Municipal
The purpose of the appellate courts is to ✔️correct errors
The trial court in the federal system is the U.S. _________ Court ✔️District
The _______ plan for selecting judges involving nominating commissions, appointment and retention elections ✔️Missouri
The fundamental obligation of the prosecutor is to ✔️enforce the law
The U.S. Supreme Court is composed of ___ members ✔️9
A Supreme Court agrees to hear a case when it grants the writ of __________ ✔️certiorari
After arrest, a defendant will be taken to the police station or jail and ✔️booked
After arrest the first judicial hearing will be the ✔️initial appearance
At the preliminary hearing, the judge will determine if there is _____ to support the continuance of the case ✔️probable cause
Bail is money or other security provided by the defendant to secure release and provide assurance that the defendant will ✔️appear at the
subsequent proceedings
The perspective that focuses most heavily on procedural fairness and the rights of the suspects is the _________ perspective ✔️Due Process
The 3 main components of the criminal justice system are: ✔️law enforcement, courts, and corrections
Advocates of the consensus model of criminal justice agree to all of the following staples except for ✔️what is deemed criminal will be
determined by those who are in power
Which of the following crimes does not fall into the violent crime category ✔️burglary
According to the Crime Funnell, in general, for every 1,000 serious crimes, about ______ adults are incarcerated for a few of these crimes ✔️30
The top tier of the wedding cake model of the criminal justice system consists of what type of cases ✔️celebrated cases
The statement that "you have to break a few eggs to make an omelet" is consistent with what model of the criminal justice system? ✔️Crime
Control Model
In the 1990s crime rates generally ✔️declined
According to Shaw and McKay's social disorganization theory, crime rates are highest in which zone? ✔️Zone 2 - Transition Zone
Which theory of crime assumes that persons have free will? ✔️Choice Theory
Radical feminist theory of crimes focus on ✔️patriarchy
Through years of research, criminologists have determined that there is one specific type of offender that accounts for a vast majority of all
offenses. This type of offender is known as: ✔️the chronic offender
The best known and most widely cited source of crime statistics is the ✔️Uniform Crime Report
The NIBRS reporting method has been criticized for many weaknesses which include all f the following except ✔️the hierarchy rule
In most jurisdicctions, a felony can be distinguished from a misdemeanor in that felony sentences are ✔️served in prison
The actus reus is the ______ element of the crime ✔️act
A ______ liability crime is one that has the mens rea element ✔️strict
The mens rea is the ________ element of the crime ✔️mental
As a general rule, voluntary intoxication is ✔️not a defense
the supreme law of the land is the ✔️US Constitution
The burden of proof necessary for a ruling that the defendant is responsible in a civil case is ✔️preponderance of the evidence
The shire or county office of shire _____ eventually evolved into the position of sheriff ✔️reeve
the first formal police department in the US was created in _______ in 1838 ✔️Boston
During the 1800s, in general, American Police agencies came to be regarded as ✔️corrupt and inefficient
Today, most law enforcement personnel in the US are employed at the _______ level ✔️municipal
One of the early leaders of police reform in the early 1900s was ✔️August Vollmer
In the late 1980s and into the 1990s police departments increasingly adopted _____ programs ✔️community policing
Private security guards have been criticized for all of the following reasons except ✔️they are meant to deter crime
Most police agencies are organized in a ________ fashion ✔️militaristic
, A defined area of patrol is termed the officer's _____ ✔️beat
the Kansas City Patrol experiment found that variations in patrol had ✔️little impact on crime and citizen confidence
The broken windows theory focuses on ✔️neighborhood disorder and deterioration
Over the past two decades, hiring of minorities has ✔️increased
the great bulk of what police officers do is ✔️order maintenance
Problem oriented policing is essentially ✔️proactive
(T/F) Most criminal cases are disposed of by trial ✔️F
(T/F) For many decisions, criminal justice officials have at least some discretion ✔️T
(T/F) Crime has only recently become a problem in America ✔️F
(T/F) Younger people face a greater risk of victimization than older person ✔️T
(T/F) Psychoanalytic Theory assumes that people learn to become criminals ✔️F
(T/F) Conflict theory is based on the work of Sigmund Freud ✔️F
Crimes such as murder and rape are referred to as mala in se crimes ✔️T
(T/F) The main objective of the criminal law is to protect society against harm ✔️T
(T/F) Entrapment involves government inducement, traps, and decoys. ✔️T
(T/F) The origins of the American system of policing can be traced to Australia ✔️F
(T/F) the hundred was a group of 100 constables ✔️F
(T/F) There are more federal law enforcement officers than state and city combined ✔️F
(T/F) In general, as the time between the crime and the arrest grows, the probability of getting a conviction decreases ✔️T
(T/F) Broken Windows theory was formulated by Keller and Jackson ✔️F
(T/F) Foot patrol is consistent with community policing ✔️T
Which of the following is a lower court or court of limited jurisdiction? ✔️Municipal
The purpose of the appellate courts is to ✔️correct errors
The trial court in the federal system is the U.S. _________ Court ✔️District
The _______ plan for selecting judges involving nominating commissions, appointment and retention elections ✔️Missouri
The fundamental obligation of the prosecutor is to ✔️enforce the law
The U.S. Supreme Court is composed of ___ members ✔️9
A Supreme Court agrees to hear a case when it grants the writ of __________ ✔️certiorari
After arrest, a defendant will be taken to the police station or jail and ✔️booked
After arrest the first judicial hearing will be the ✔️initial appearance
At the preliminary hearing, the judge will determine if there is _____ to support the continuance of the case ✔️probable cause
Bail is money or other security provided by the defendant to secure release and provide assurance that the defendant will ✔️appear at the
subsequent proceedings
